2024届吉林省延边州高三下学期教学质量检测（一模）英语试题（含答案解析）

延边州2024年高三教学质量检测英语本试卷共10页。满分150分，时长120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.回答非选择题时，用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.保持卡面整洁，不要折叠，不要弄皱、弄破，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisprobablytheman’sdream?A.Travelingtheworld.B.Becomingaprofessor.C.Speakingotherlanguages.2.Howdoesthemansound?A.Angry.B.Pleased.C.Apologetic.3.Whydothespeakersfeelcold?A.Theylosttheircoats.B.Theystandinthesnow.C.Theytookacoldshower.4.Whichsportdidthespeakersstartplayingrecently?A.Golf.B.Tennis.C.Sailing.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Selectingrooms.B.Choosingcolors.C.Understandingpersonalities.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题;每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inacafé.B.Inapark.C.Inabookstore.7.Whatmainlymakesthemaninterestedinthebook?A.Itsthemes.B.Itscharacters.C.Itsauthor.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheman’sfirstsuggestion?A.Keepingabalanceddiet.B.Creatingbetterroutines.C.Exercisingingyms.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodointheend?A.Setspecificweightlossgoals.B.Stopeatingtoomanysweettreats.C.Establishcorrectconceptofweightloss.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutherfuturecareerchoiceA.Excited.B.Stressed.C.Confident.11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Advisorandstudent.B.Employerandemployee.C.Managerandworker.12.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonextweek?A.Enteracompetition.B.Attendacareerfair.C.Visitacompany.13.Whichfielddoesthewomanprefertoworkin?A.Sales.B.Economics.C.Engineering.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whenistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.InJune.B.InAugust.C.InSeptember.15.Whydidthespeakersgotothemuseum?A.It’stheirhistoryhomework.B.Theirteachertookthemthere.C.Someoneadvisedthemtogothere.16.Whatdidthewomanfindmostimpressive?A.Thenumberofhistoricalpieces.B.Theuniquedesignofthebuilding.C.Thecollectionofliterature.17.Howwillthespeakersprobablygobacktothehotel?A.Bybicycle.B.Bysubway.C.Onfoot.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18Whatisthemainpurposeoftheactivity?A.Towatchmovies.B.Toexperiencetheculture.C.Tounderstandfilm-making.19.Wherewillthegroupprobablygolast?A.Aconcert.B.Atheater,C.Astudio.20.Whatshouldthelistenersdonow?A.Havelunch.B.Getonthebus.C.Viewahistoryfilm.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFancyspendingyoursummerbreakimprovingyourskillsandpreparingforyourfirstjobs?WehavegatheredthebestsummerprogramsinSingaporeinrecentyears.Nowyouwillbeabletonarrowdownyourchoicesandmakeadecision.StandoutGlobalSummerProgramAtStandoutSummerSchool,oneofyourmissionswillbetoworkasaninternwithleadersinthebusinessworldwhohaveplentyofyearsofexperienceinthefield.Throughthisprogram,youcanboostyourknowledgebyinteractingwithexpertsinfieldslikedigitalmarketing,entrepreneurship,investment,etc.Whereveryoucomefrom,theschoolwillwelcomeyouintheirall-inclusiveprogram.NTUSummerSchoolProgramNanyangTechnologicalUniversitywilltakeyouonauniqueexperienceintheirsummercamp.InNTU’ssummerschool,youwillbeabletoenjoyyourfavoritebusinesstrackoutoffivedifferentoptions.Eachtrackwillleadyoutoaninternshipatatop-rankedcompanylastingfrom3weekstotwomonths.NUSSummerSchoolTheNationalUniversityofSingaporeoffersoneoftheleadingsummercampsinSingapore.Theprogramisdesignedforstudentswhoarefromitspartneruniversitieslocatedallaroundtheworld.Withpassionasoneoftheuniversity’scorevalues,theNUSSummerSchoolguaranteescontinuousdevelopmentforitsstudents.SMUGlobalSummerProgramWithitsthirdGlobalSummerProgramstartinginJuly,SingaporeManagementUniversityoffersinternationalstudentsanunforgettableopportunity:4weeksoflearninginSingapore,withaweekspentoverseasinanotherAsiancitytomergeinanunmatchedexperience.Getintouchwithustogetallyourquestionsaboutglobalsummerprogramsanswered!1.WhatcanyoudoatStandoutSummerSchool?A.Enjoyyourfavoritebusinesstrack.B.Visitpartneruniversities.C.Learnforcontinuousdevelopment.D.Workwithexperiencedleadersasanintern.2.Howlongcanyouenjoyyourinternshipatatop-rankedcompany?A.1month. B.3months. C.10weeks. D.2weeks.3.WhichprogramcanallowstudentstolearninanotherAsiancity?A.StandoutGlobalSummerProgram.B.NTUSummerSchoolProgram.CNUSSummerSchool.D.SMUGlobalSummerProgram.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了几种帮助在暑假提高技能，为工作做准备的新加坡项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据StandoutGlobalSummerProgram中关键句“AtStandoutSummerSchool,oneofyourmissionswillbetoworkasaninternwithleadersinthebusinessworldwhohaveplentyofyearsofexperienceinthefield.(在Standout暑期学校，你的任务之一将是与在该领域拥有多年经验的商界领袖一起实习)”可知，在StandoutGlobalSummerProgram中，可以作为实习生与经验丰富的领导一起工作。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据NTUSummerSchoolProgram中关键句“Eachtrackwillleadyoutoaninternshipatatop-rankedcompanylastingfrom3weekstotwomonths.(每一个项目都会让你在顶级公司实习，时间从3周到2个月不等)”可知，你能在顶级公司享受实习时长为3周到2个月不等，A“一个月”在时间范围内。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SMUGlobalSummerProgram中关键句“WithitsthirdGlobalSummerProgramstartinginJuly,SingaporeManagementUniversityoffersinternationalstudentsanunforgettableopportunity:4weeksoflearninginSingapore,withaweekspentoverseasinanotherAsiancitytomergeinanunmatchedexperience.(新加坡管理大学(SingaporeManagementUniversity)将于7月启动第三届全球暑期项目，为国际学生提供一个难忘的机会：在新加坡学习4周，并在另一个亚洲城市度过一周的海外经历，以获得无与伦比的体验)”可知，SMUGlobalSummerProgram项目让学生在另一个亚洲城市学习。故选D项。BWhenJennyStreetebegancaringforolderpeoplemorethan50yearsago,prejudicewaspartofhereverydayworkinglife.Streete,whogrewupinJamaicaandcametoEnglandin1967,hadawayofdealingwithit:“Justputasmileonyourface,”shesays.“Ifyouletbadwordsintoyourbrain,itwillonlycauseyoumoreharm.”The81-year-oldremembersoneinstanceofabuse.Streetesays:“Thesisterwhowasmanagingtheward(病房)triedtocalmawomandown.ButItoldthesistertolethersaywhatshehastosay.Idon’tmind.”Thenextnight,Streetenoticedthewoman’sblankethadfallenoff.Shereplacedit,tellingthepatientinalowvoiceexactlywhatshewasdoingandwhy.Thesamethinghappenedthenextnight,andthenext.“Butthen,thenightthatIwasoffduty,thatsamewomanaskedthesister:‘Whereisthatblacklady?Idon’twantanyoneelsetolookaftermewhilesheisonduty.Shewassokind.’”Broughtupbyhergrandparents,Streetefoundhervocationafteramysteryillnessthatnearlykilledher,andleftherwithpermanentlydamagedvision.Shegotbetter,shesays,becauseof“lovingcareandtenderness”.WhenshecametoEngland,shewasdeterminedtogivethatcaretoothers.AndStreetehopestocarryoncaringforolderpeopleaslongaspossible—although,shesays,herchildrenareurginghertoretire.Shecurrentlyworkstwonightsaweekinanend-of-lifewardwhichprovidesspecialistnursing.Manyofthepeopleshelooksafterarenowasimilaragetoher.Herpreferencefornightshiftshasn’tchanged,either.Shefrequentlystaysonafterhershiftisfinished,tospendtimewithresidents.Sheurgesthoseconsideringacareerincaretothinkhardaboutwhythey’rechoosingit.“Sometimes,peoplearenothappybecausetheydon’twanttodothejob—theyhavetodoit,becausethereisnootherway.Wantingtodoitisverydifferentfromhavingtodoit.”Butthekeyqualityacareworkerneeds,shesays,ispatience,“Somepeopleliketodoeverythingquick-quick-quick,butyouhavetotakeyourtimewithresidents.IjusttrytotreateverybodythewayIwouldliketobetreated.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutJennyStreete?A.Sheneveracceptsothers’words.B.Shemindedsomuchwhenabused.C.ShefellillwhensheleftJamaica.D.Shehasherownopinionsaboutnursing.5.WhatmotivatedStreetetochooseherlifelongoccupation?A.HerloveforEngland. B.Thetendercareshegot.C.Olderpeople’sprejudice. D.Hergrandparents’encouragement.6.WhatqualitiesdoesStreetepossessasanurse?A.Seriousandwise. B.Positivebutstubborn.C.Responsibleandpatient. D.Honestbutindifferent.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.JennyStreete’scareforothersinherwholelife.B.JennyStreete’sadviceonhowtofindagoodjob.C.JennyStreete’sexperiencesoffightingdisease.D.Jennystreete’sdeterminationtoremoveprejudice.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了珍妮·斯特里特从事护理行业的一生和她对护理的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Streete,whogrewupinJamaicaandcametoEnglandin1967,hadawayofdealingwithit:“Justputasmileonyourface,”shesays.“Ifyouletbadwordsintoyourbrain,itwillonlycauseyoumoreharm.”(斯特里特在牙买加长大，1967年来到英国，她有一种应对方法：“只要脸上带着微笑，”她说。“如果你让坏消息进入你的大脑，它只会给你带来更多的伤害。”)”可知，JennyStreete对护理有自己的见解。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Broughtupbyhergrandparents,Streetefoundhervocationafteramysteryillnessthatnearlykilledher,andleftherwithpermanentlydamagedvision.Shegotbetter,shesays,becauseof“lovingcareandtenderness”.WhenshecametoEngland,shewasdeterminedtogivethatcaretoothers.(斯特里特由她的祖父母抚养长大，在一场神秘的疾病几乎要了她的命，并使她的视力永久受损后，她找到了自己的职业。她说，由于“关爱和温柔”，她的病情有所好转。当她来到英国时，她决定把这种照顾带给别人)”可知，Streete曾由于疾病备受照顾，当她好了之后，她决定照顾别人。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Sheurgesthoseconsideringacareerincaretothinkhardaboutwhythey’rechoosingit.(她敦促那些考虑从事护理行业的人好好想想自己为什么要选择这个行业)”可推知，她认真负责；根据文章最后一段“Butthekeyqualityacareworkerneeds,shesays,ispatience,“Somepeopleliketodoeverythingquick-quick-quick,butyouhavetotakeyourtimewithresidents.IjusttrytotreateverybodythewayIwouldliketobetreated.”(但她说，护工需要的关键品质是耐心，“有些人喜欢做任何事都快——快——快，但你必须花时间和老人待在一起。我希望别人怎样对待我，我就怎样对待每个人。”)”可推知，她十分有耐心。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容第一段“WhenJennyStreetebegancaringforolderpeoplemorethan50yearsago,prejudicewaspartofhereverydayworkinglife.

(50多年前，当珍妮·斯特里特开始照顾老年人时，偏见是她日常工作生活的一部分)”及倒数第四段“AndStreetehopestocarryoncaringforolderpeopleaslongaspossible—although,shesays,herchildrenareurginghertoretire.(斯特里特希望尽可能长时间地照顾老年人——尽管她说，她的孩子们敦促她退休)”全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了珍妮·斯特里特从事护理行业的一生和她对护理的看法。故选A项。CThe2023China-GermanyAutomobileConferencewasheldinJilin,Henan,andZhejiangrecently.Attheconference,peoplediscussedplansfornewenergyvehicles(NEVs)andcollaboration(合作)betweenGermanyandChina.ChinahasestablishedacompetitiveedgeinNEVs.In2022,China’smarketshareofNEVsaccountedformorethan65percentoftheglobaltotal,maintainingitspositionastheworld’sleadingNEVmarketforeightyears,ChinaDailyreported.ReflectingonthejourneyofleadingChineseelectriccarmanufacturer(制造商)BYD,ChairmanWangChuanfurecalledabout2003whenBYDenteredintotheNEVindustryamiddoubtsandmockery,asfewpeoplebackthenbelievedinthefutureofNEVs.Surprisingly,withinafewyears,China’sNEVexportsincreasedgreatly.In2022,theChinaAssociationofAutomobileManufacturersreportedanimpressivetotalexportvolumeof679,000NEVs.IntheEuropeanmarket,Chinesebrands,suchasBYDandHongqi,haveenteredthetop50best-sellingmotorcompaniesacrossEurope,TheTimesreported.ShuYouxing,generalmanagerofBYDInternationalCooperationDivisionandtheEuropeanAutomobileSalesDivision,saidthatthecompany’spureelectricbuseshavenowhittheroadsofmorethan100majorEuropeancitiessuchasAmsterdam,London,andCopenhagen,helpingEuropeanscutcarbonemissionsbyover200,000tons.NEVsmadeinChinaarealsopopularinMexico.Onelocal,IsraelAguilar,isdeeplyimpressed.AfternearlyayearoftryingoutaChineseNEV,Aguilarsaidhemaynevergobacktodrivinghistraditionalpetrolcar,statingthattheNEVoffersbettercomfort.“Technologyistrulyveryimportantinthesetimes,especiallyforavehicle.AndithasbeentrulyextraordinaryformetohandlethesetechnologiesthatcomefromChina,”AguilartoldXinhua.ThethrivingglobalexpansionofChineseNEVsisprimarilythankstotheeffortsofcompaniestoimprovetheircapabilityforinnovation.OnemajorexampleofthisisChina’sdrivetobecomethegloballeaderinmakingEVbatteries,fueledbyanadvantageinthesupplychainandrawmaterialssuchaslithium(锂)andcobalt(钴).8.WhatcanwelearnaboutBYD?A.BYDalwaysmaintainstheworld’sleadingposition.B.BYDlosthopeduetodoubtsandmockery.C.BYDsufferedhardshipinitsdevelopment.D.BYDexports679,000NEVseachyear.9.Whatcanweinferfromthefourthparagraph?A.OnlyBYDandHongqihaveenteredtheEuropeanmarket.B.ChineseNEVscanhelpprotecttheenvironment.C.Pureelectricbuseshavecausedmanyroadaccidents.D.ImportingChineseNEVsisamaintaskforTheTimes.10.WhatisAguilar’sattitudetothetechnologyfromChina?A.Dismissive. B.Satisfied. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.11.WhatisthekeyfactorfortheglobalexpansionofChineseNEVs?A.Theabilityofcreation. B.Cooperationwithpartners.C.Thebigoverseasmarkets. D.MakingEVbatteries.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，主要报道了中国新能源汽车在全球蓬勃发展，主要得益于企业努力提高创新能力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ReflectingonthejourneyofleadingChineseelectriccarmanufacturer(制造商)BYD,ChairmanWangChuanfurecalledabout2003whenBYDenteredintotheNEVindustryamiddoubtsandmockery,asfewpeoplebackthenbelievedinthefutureofNEVs.(回顾中国领先的电动汽车制造商比亚迪的历程，董事长王传福回忆了2003年比亚迪在质疑和嘲笑中进入新能源汽车行业的情景，当时几乎没有人相信新能源汽车的未来)”可知，比亚迪在发展过程中遭遇了困难。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“ShuYouxing,generalmanagerofBYDInternationalCooperationDivisionandtheEuropeanAutomobileSalesDivision,saidthatthecompany’spureelectricbuseshavenowhittheroadsofmorethan100majorEuropeancitiessuchasAmsterdam,London,andCopenhagen,helpingEuropeanscutcarbonemissionsbyover200,000tons.(比亚迪国际合作部和欧洲汽车销售部总经理舒酉星表示，该公司的纯电动公交车目前已经在阿姆斯特丹、伦敦和哥本哈根等100多个欧洲主要城市上路，帮助欧洲人减少了20多万吨的碳排放)”可知，中国的新能源汽车可以帮助保护环境。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Onelocal,IsraelAguilar,isdeeplyimpressed.AfternearlyayearoftryingoutaChineseNEV,Aguilarsaidhemaynevergobacktodrivinghistraditionalpetrolcar,statingthattheNEVoffersbettercomfort.(以色列人阿吉拉尔(IsraelAguilar)对此印象深刻。在试用了中国新能源汽车将近一年之后，阿吉拉尔说他可能永远不会再开他的传统汽油车了，他说新能源汽车提供了更好的舒适性)”及倒数第二段““Technologyistrulyveryimportantinthesetimes,especiallyforavehicle.AndithasbeentrulyextraordinaryformetohandlethesetechnologiesthatcomefromChina,”AguilartoldXinhua.(“在这个时代，科技真的非常重要，尤其是对汽车来说。对我来说，操纵这些来自中国的技术真的很了不起，”阿吉拉尔在接受新华社采访时表示)”可推知，Aguilar对中国技术很满意。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ThethrivingglobalexpansionofChineseNEVsisprimarilythankstotheeffortsofcompaniestoimprovetheircapabilityforinnovation.(中国新能源汽车在全球蓬勃发展，主要得益于企业努力提高创新能力)”可知，中国新能源汽车在全球扩张的关键因素是企业创新的能力。故选A。DAfterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybecomingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.AccordingtoArtnet,theonlyruleforacceptancefortheseworksisthattheymusthavebeenpre-curated(预先策划)byaprofessionalknowntoSamuelPeralta,theleaderoftheproject.SpeakingwithTheNewYorkTimes,Peraltasaidthattheaimoftheprojectistocreate“amessageinthebottleforthefixture”，showingthat“duringthistimeofwar,pandemicandeconomiccrisis,peoplestillfoundtimetocreatebeauty.”Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遗产)toouterspace.In1969,theApollo12missioncarriedaceramicpiecewithdrawings.In1971,theApollo15staffleftasculpturetohonorthosewhohaddiedinspaceexploration.What’smorefamousistheGoldenRecordcarriedbyspacecraftVoyager1and2fromNASAin1977,whichcontainshumanlanguage,musicandimages.Forexample,apieceofChineseguqinmusic,calledFlowingStreamswasincludedinit.Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspace-relatedworks;butgradually,morehuman-relatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.Thesechangingcriteriaalsoleavespaceforordinarypeopletoimagineandthink.ManypeoplearenowtryingtostoretheirDNAinformationdigitally.Willpeoplebeabletofindevenmoresurprisingandinventivewaystopreservetheirlegacyinthefuture?Onlytimecantell.12.Whatisthegoaloftheproject?A.Tomakethemoonlivable. B.Toshowrespecttoartists.C.Topreservetheexistingbeauty. D.TocontinuetheworkofVoyager2.13.Whydoestheauthormentionthemissionsin1969，1971and1977?A.Toexplainthemissionsareimportant.B.Tocomplainpeopleexploredouterspacenotsooften.C.ToshowChineseculturewasincludedgradually.D.Toprovepeoplehavebeendeliveringlegaciestothemoon.14.Whatdoesthechangeofthecriteriareflect?A.Humancivilizationisinclusive.B.Peopledon’tcareaboutspace-relatedworks.C.Women’spositionhasbeenimproved.D.PeopletakeAIseriously.15.Wherecanyoufindthearticle?A.Abrochure. B.Amagazine. C.Anadvertisement. D.Aposter.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲的是经过几十年的月球探索，一个戏剧性的愿景终于成为现实，即人类的许多象征性遗产将被储存在月球上。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.(《卫报》最近报道称，一个名为LunarCodex的项目计划将来自150多个国家和地区的艺术家、作家、电影制作人和音乐家的3万多件作品发送并储存在月球上。)”可知此次活动的目的是为了将现存的一些美好的东西进行保存，即保存现存的美。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段首句“Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遗产)toouterspace.(事实上，这并不是人类第一次尝试将人类遗产送往外太空。)”可知事实上这并不是人类第一次尝试将人类遗产送往外太空，接着后文就这一论断进行了举例，所以提到1969年、1971年和1977年任务的目的是为了证明人类一直在向月球运送遗产。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspace-relatedworks;butgradually,morehuman-relatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.(虽然我们不知道在大多数项目中是谁决定将哪些人类遗产的象征送入太空，但很明显，标准在不断变化。过去，空间遗产产品只关注与空间相关的作品；但渐渐地，更多与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了名单。在LunarCodex中，首次收集了电影、女性、残疾人艺术家制作的各种艺术和文学作品，甚至人工智能也被送往月球。)”可知随着标准的不断变化，越来越多的与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了送往太空的人类遗产名单，由此可以推断人类文明是包容的。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Afterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybecomingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.(经过几十年的月球探索，一个戏剧性的愿景终于成为现实。《卫报》最近报道称，一个名为LunarCodex的项目计划将来自150多个国家和地区的艺术家、作家、电影制作人和音乐家的3万多件作品发送并储存在月球上。储存的物品从小说、绘画到音乐、电影，甚至是地球上的土壤。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知文章主要内容与月球探索有关，所以文章有可能出自一本与月球探索有关的杂志。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyoulookatyourselfinthemirror,doyoufocusonsomethingyouwishweredifferent,andhearacriticalinsidevoice?____16____.Butifyouarereadytobekindtoyourselfandwillingtosendthatnegativevoiceawayforever,howdoyoubegin?Therearethreestepstoovercomeour“negativitybias”(负面偏见).1.StartwithMindfulAwarenessBeingawareofhowyouaretreatingyourselfisreallythefirststep.____17____.Useyouractualnameasyoudescribewhatyouaredoing,seeing,andfeeling.Then,insteadofcriticizingyourself,becuriousaboutwhatyoudidandthereasonsbehindit.Remindyourselfthatyouaredoingthebestwithwhatyouhave.Andpayyourattentiontothepositivesideofthesituation.2.____18____Weallareworthyofloveandweneedtoshowlovingkindnesstoourselves.Thatmightseemawkwardatfirst,butwithalittlepractice,theprocesswillbecomeeasier.Soonthepositivefeelingyoureceivefromself-kindnesswillprovideyouwithasenseofhappiness.Oneofthebestpracticestobuildupyourself-kindnessiscalled“NotetoaDearFriend”.Whenyouarefacingachallengeordifficulty,writeanotetoafriendasiftheywerefacingthesameproblem.____19____.Then,takethenoteandchangeyourfriend’snametoyourown.3.RecognizeThatYouAren’tAloneNotoneofuslivesaperfectlife.Everyonefaceschallengesandmakesmistakes.____20____.First,yougetalittlebitlesslonely.Youarenottheonlypersonsuffering,andknowingthattakesaweightoffyourshoulders.Second,itbecomesalittleeasiertoopenuptoothers,andsay,“Ineedhelp.”Wedon’thavetopretendthateverythingisgreatwhenitisn’t.It’sOKtotakeoffourmasksandletpeopleknowexactlyhowwefeel!A.PracticeKindnessB.ShowOthersKindnessC.ItisimportanttofacethemD.SimplynameyourfeelingandinsidevoiceE.WritedownwhatyouthinkwouldhelpyourfriendF.Whenwerecognizethat,valuablethingswillhappenG.Ifso,youmayhavethetendencytocriticizeyourself【答案】16.G17.D18.A19.E20.F【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了消除自我“负面偏见”的一些方法。【16题详解】前文“Whenyoulookatyourselfinthemirror,doyoufocusonsomethingyouwishweredifferent,andhearacriticalinsidevoice?(当你看着镜子里的自己，你是否专注于你希望有所不同的事情，并听到一个批评的声音)”表明对自己不满意，后文“Butifyouarereadytobekindtoyourselfandwillingtosendthatnegativevoiceawayforever,howdoyoubegin?(但是，如果你已经准备好善待自己，并愿意永远把那些消极的声音送走，你该如何开始呢)”表明要善待自己，G选项“如果是这样，你可能有批评自己的倾向”中so指代前一句内容，且criticize与critical呼应。故选G项。【17题详解】前文“Beingawareofhowyouaretreatingyourselfisreallythefirststep.(意识到你如何对待自己是真正的第一步)”为本段的总起句，后文“Useyouractualnameasyoudescribewhatyouaredoing,seeing,andfeeling.(用你的真名来描述你正在做的、看到的和感觉到的事情)”为具体的例子，表示接纳自己，D选项“简单地说出你的感觉和内心的声音”同样为接纳自己，承认自己的感受和内心的例子，符合语境。故选D项。【18题详解】空处为本段小标题，与其余标题并列，后文“Weallareworthyofloveandweneedtoshowlovingkindnesstoourselves.(我们都值得被爱，我们需要善待自己)”表明善待自己，A选项“实践善举”与下文“butwithalittlepractice,theprocesswillbecomeeasier.”呼应。故选A项。【19题详解】前文“Whenyouarefacingachallengeordifficulty,writeanotetoafriendasiftheywerefacingthesameproblem.(当你面临挑战或困难时，给朋友写封信，就好像他们也面临同样的问题一样)”为提出建议，可以给朋友写信，E选项“写下你认为能帮助你朋友的事情”与前文语境相符。故选E项。【20题详解】小标题意思为：认识到你并不孤单，空前“Notoneofuslivesaperfectlife.Everyonefaceschallengesandmakesmistakes.(没有人过着完美的生活。每个人都会面临挑战，也会犯错)”表明没有人是完美的，F选项“当我们认识到这一点时，有价值的事情就会发生”中that指代前文的内容，且语境一致。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastsummer,inmy30s,Ilearnedtorideabike.WhenIwasachild,Ihadnoonetoteachme.WhenIwasteasedbecauseIwastheonlykidpast6yearsoldwhostill____21____trainingwheels(辅助轮),mystepdad____22____them,butindoingthat,Ilostinterestandtrustintheactivity.Iwasreally____23____—Iwasquitetallformyageat7andIwasworriedI’dfalloff.IthoughtIwastoooldtolearntoo.Notknowinghowtoridedidn’t____24____meinitially,untilwemovedtothesuburbs,wherebicycleswere____25____.Ontripstotheconveniencestoretobuycandywithmyfriends,Iwasalwaysthelasttoarrive,____26____.Bythen,Iwas12yearsold.Inmyearly30s,Irememberfeeling____27____asIwatchedchildrenasyoungas3learnto____28____onbikes.Amongthemweremyneighbors,whomIwouldoccasionallybabysit.Thensomething____29____.Thefearwithinwasstillthere,butsomethingmuchstrongerwastakingover.Idecidedtojoinawomen’sbike-ridingworkshop.ThereIstoodinanurbanpark,determinedtoovercome_____30_____.Meetingwomenfromdiversebackgrounds,allseekingcyclingskillsfor_____31_____reasons,strengthenedmydetermination.Beforelong,Iwasriding_____32_____.Embracing(拥抱)thejoyofriding,Iboughtmyownbike，notjustforgettingaroundbuttoreclaimlost_____33_____.Itwasn’tsimplyabike;it_____34_____thechanceImissedearlier.Icompletely_____35_____myselfintheexperience,enjoyingthesceneryandthebreezeonmyface.21.A.referredto B.reliedon C.believedin D.leftalone22A.fixed B.bought C.removed D.damaged23.A.scared B.determined C.curious D.excited24.A.interrupt B.confuse C.touch D.bother25.A.amusing B.creative C.available D.popular26.A.onfoot B.bybike C.bycar D.bybus27.A.annoyed B.grateful C.envious D.content28.A.adventure B.balance C.speed D.navigate29.A.changed B.began C.grew D.existed30.A.adversity B.limitation C.fear D.hardship31.A.valuable B.convincing C.various D.reasonable32.A.honestly B.swiftly C.patiently D.confidently33.A.memory B.time C.ability D.purpose34.A.seized B.lost C.followed D.represented35.A.engaged B.supported C.challenged D.discovered【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在30多岁时克服恐惧重新学习骑自行车的经历和感悟。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我因为是唯一一个超过6岁还依赖辅助轮的孩子被嘲笑时，我的继父把它们取走了，但这样做，我对这项活动失去了兴趣和信任。A.referredto参考；B.reliedon依赖；C.believedin相信；D.leftalone不打扰。根据空前“WhenIwasteasedbecauseIwastheonlykidpast6yearsoldwhostill”以及空后“trainingwheels(辅助轮),mystepdad____2____them,butindoingthat,Ilostinterestandtrustintheactivity.Iwasreally____3____—Iwasquitetallformyageat7andIwasworriedI’dfalloff.”可知，此处指的是六岁的作者依旧在使用辅助轮，因此她遭到了同伴们的嘲笑，所以继父把辅助轮拿走了。故选