2024年北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷及答案

第1页/共1页2024北京昌平高三二模英语笔试部分本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasmyfirstdayofhighschool,anditwasmyfirstdayofschoolinanewcity.Therewasonlyonethingonmymind:whattowear.Agoodimageiseverything,soitwasimportantformeto1thepeoplewhoIwouldspendthenextfouryearswith.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Ithoughtabouthowconvenientitwouldbetoweartheschooluniform.Aftercarefullyselecting,Iemergedproudlyinapatterneddress.Anhourlater,Ifelt2asIsteppedoffthebusandheadedtowardroom1136.ButasIturnedthecornerintomyfirstclass,myjawdroppedtothefloor.SittingatherdeskwasMrs.Hutfilz,myEnglishteacher,3theexactsamedressasI.Ikeptmyheaddownandtiptoedtomyseat,butthefirstdaymeantintroductionsinfrontofthewholeclass,andsoonenoughitwasmy4.Imadeitthroughmyminutespeech,untilMrs.Hutfilzstoodup,jokinglyaddingthatshelikedmy5.AlthoughthiswasthemomentIhadbeenworryingfromthemomentIwalkedin,allthe6thathadincreasedsurprisinglymeltedaway;thestudentswhohadpreviouslybeenstaringattheirphones7theirheadsasIsharedmystory.MysmilegrewasIlaughedwithmypeers,endingmyspeechwith“AndIamverystylish,muchlikemyfirstperiod8.”Afterclass,IstayedbehindandtalkedtoMrs.Hutfilz,sharingmypreviousworryaboutcomingintoanewschoolandcity.Iwas9tomakeahumorousandgenuineconnectionwithmyfirstteacher,onethatwouldcontinuefortherestoftheyear.WhilemyfirstperiodofhighschoolmaynothavegoneexactlythewayIthoughtitwould,itcertainlymadetheday10inthebestway,andtaughtmethatMrs.Hutfilzhasanawesomesenseofstyle!1.A.impress B.surprise C.please D.encourage2.A.shy B.lucky C.free D.powerful3.A.preparing B.wearing C.hiding D.designing4.A.turn B.chance C.reward D.solution5.A.writing B.style C.speech D.voice6.A.happiness B.confidence C.boredom D.anxiety7.A.nodded B.buried C.raised D.touched8.A.neighbor B.peer C.teacher D.friend9.A.relieved B.nervous C.patient D.embarrassed10.A.unpredictable B.unforgettable C.unbearable D.unchangeable第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AReleasedonAug30,2023,athree-episodewebseries11（title）EscapeFromtheBritishMuseumhasbecomepopularonlineforitstouchingandinnovativestory.TheseriesfollowsthejourneyhomeofaChinesejadeteapotthathascometolifeasagirl.SherunsawayfromtheBritishMuseumandcomesacrossaChinesejournalist12helpstheartifact（文物）returntoChina.TheseriesaimstoraisebroaderawarenessofChineseartifactsthat13（keep）abroad.BInAmerica,peopleuseboth“fall”and“autumn”todescribethe14（three）seasonoftheyear.AccordingtoDictionary.com,thesetwowordswerefirstdocumentedwithinafew15（century）.Theperiodbetweensummerandwinterwascalled“harvest”16oldEnglish.ThiswordhasGermanicoriginshighlightingtheactofgatheringandpreservingcropsbeforewinter.Inthe1500s,Englishspeakers17（begin）referringtotheseasonbetweencoldandwarmmonthsasthe“falloftheleaf”whichlatershortenedto“fall”.CWakeupearlyenoughandprobablyyou18（hear）apleasantchorusofbirds.Thisearlysingingcanstartasearlyas4a.m.andlastforseveralhours.Birdsdoit19（attract）matesandwarnotherbirdstoavoidtheirplace.Onetheoryasto20theychoosetheearlymorningtocommunicatetheseimportantmessagesisthatthelowvisibilitymakesithardtodootherbirdactivities,likesearchingforfood.Keepingtheiractivitylevellow,theychoosetosinginstead.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInterestedinwriting,photographyorcurrentevents?Lookingforanexperiencetoinspireyourcollegeessays?Orhopingtoexploreaworld-classcitywithnewfriendsthissummer?Ifso,checkouttheBostonUniversitySummerJournalismAcademy.It’saprogramcreatedandrunbyBostonUniversity,wherehighschoolstudents:●Learnfromaward-winning,workingjournalists—includingtwowhohavesharedinPulitzerPrizesfortheirreporting.●ReportonactualeventsaroundBostonoryourhometown.●PlacestorieswithBoston’sDailyFreePress,oneofthetopcollegenewspapers.●Improvetheirwriting,interviewing,andresearchskills—applicableforanymajorandcareer.Theacademyofferstwooptions:anon-campus,residentialprogramoverthreeweeksforstudentswithjournalismexperience,andalearn-from-homeprogramovertwoweeksforallexperiencelevels.Forstudentsinterestedinphotography,weofferaspecialphotojournalismtrackforboth.Everyoptionisorganizedinthreesections:●Classroomstartseachdaywithareviewofjournalismfundamentalsinacollegiateformat.Auniversity-leveljournalismtextbookprovidesdailyreadingsandwritingassignments.●NewsroomprovidestimeforstudentstoapplywhattheylearnintheClassroomtohands-onjournalismassignments.Overtherestoftheirday,studentsconductinterviewsandgatherinformation.●GuestTalksofferstudentsadviceandinsightfromjournalismexpertsintopicssuchasradioreportingandstudyingjournalismincollege.SessionsfeatureaGuestTalkduringeachthree-weeksessionfromjournalismexperts.Studentsalsovisitcitynewsroomstohearfromfamousreporters.Applicationsfortheon-campussessionJune24toJuly12aredue:April19.Applicationsforlearn-at-homesessionsstartingJune17,July1andJuly15aredue:May10.●OnCampus,residential:Threeweeks,includingtuition（学费）,activityfees,roomandboard:$6,200.（$400discountsforEarlyBirdapplicantsbyMar8!）Learn-from-Home:Twoweeks,tuition:$1,500.（$200discountsforEarlyBirdapplicantsbyMar8!）21.Intheprogram,participantscan______.A.developtheirinterviewingskillsB.finishtheircollegeessayswithhelpC.getinspirationfromretiredjournalistsD.publishstoriesinBostonofficialwebsite22.Ifonechoosestolearninon-campusprogram,oneneedsto______.A.payatmost$1,500 B.applybeforeMay10C.havejournalismexperience D.haveknowledgeinphotography23.Whatwillthethreesectionsprovideforparticipants?A.Adviceandinsightfromtopphotographers.B.Reviewsofreadingandwritingfundamentals.C.Aweeklytalkwithleadingjournalismexperts.D.Chancestoputjournalismknowledgeintopractice.BAsmostofyouknow,thefirstyearofuniversityisalwaysthehardesttoadaptto.Theadditionoftakingcareofyourself,makingnewfriends,learninghowtogetaroundcampus,andschoolcansometimesbetoomuchtobear.Iwouldliketoattendmedicalschoolaftermyfour-yearundergraduate.Itiswell-knownthatmedicalschoolsareverycompetitiveandrequireextremelyhighmarks.IhadalwaysknownthatIwasmeantformedicalschoolandworkedhardallthroughouthighschool.IengagedinlifesciencesandknewthatIwantedtodoadoublemajorinneuroscience（神经科学）andpsychology,butofcourse,Iwasn’tsofondofthepreconditionstogettothatstage.Ihadtotakemathandphysicsinmyfirstyear.SoafterthechokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallydidn’teventhinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeanupwardtrend,soIwasdiscouragedandhurt,buttriednottothinkaboutit.HavingyourgradestakenawayfromyouwhenthatwasallyouhadwasahugethingIhadtoovercome—Idefinedmyworthbyhow“smart”IwasandgettingpastthatmindsetwasthehardestthingI’veeverdone.AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakingabunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.Attheendofmysecondterm,mygradesweren’tashighasIwantedthemtobe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherewerereasonsforthedifferencesbetweenindividuals,butIstillsawahugeimprovementinmymarksfromthefirstterm.IhadenjoyedmytimeinmysecondtermandeventhoughIwasn’twhereIwantedtobe,ithadnothingtodowithmyplaceintheuniversity.Itwasveryeye-openingandtaughtmewhatIneededtodoinordertoachieveMYbest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.I’mnowtakingasummerschoolcourseandmymarksareincrediblybetterthanwhatIwasgettingduringmyfirstyearofschool.ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msuremylessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymemuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.24.Theauthorwantedtotakeadoublemajorbecauseshe______.A.likedthetwomajorsbetterB.waspreparingherselfforhergoalC.triedtoproveheracademicabilityD.decidedtochallengeherselfinuniversity25.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenreviewinghergradesafterthefirstterm?A.Satisfied. B.Surprised. C.Calm. D.Angry.26.Inthesecondterm,theauthor______.A.acceptedthegradesanddidnothingB.triedtolearnmorenecessarycoursesC.viewedlearningfromadifferentangleD.focusedonlearningmedicalknowledge27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Afreshstartleadstomorechallenges.B.Hardworkwillpayoffsoonerorlater.C.Sticktoyourplanandyouwillsucceed.D.Properadjustmentwilltakeyoufarther.CBaleenwhalesplayavitalroleinecosystems.Tocommunicateacrossvastdistancesandfindeachother,baleenwhalesdependcriticallyontheproductionofsoundsthattravelsfarindarkoceans.However,sincewhalesongswerefirstdiscoveredmorethan50yearsago,itremainedunknownhowbaleenwhalesproducetheircomplexvocalizations（发音）.AnewstudyinthejournalNaturereportsthatbaleenwhalesdevelopeduniquestructuresintheirlarynx（喉）thatenabletheirlow-frequencyvocalizations,butalsolimittheircommunicationrange.ThestudywasledbyvoicescientistsProfessorCoenElemansandProfessorTecumsehFitch.“Thetoothedwhalesandbaleenwhaleswereinitiallylandanimalsthathadalarynxservingtwofunctions:protectingtheairwaysandsoundproduction.However,theirswitchingtolivinginthewaterplacednewandstrictdemandsonthelarynxtopreventchokingunderwater,”saysTecumsehFitch.Thestudyshowsthatbaleenwhalesneverthelesscanstillproducesoundwiththeirlarynx,buttheyhavedevelopednewstructurestodoso,whichonlyexistsinbaleenwhales.“Thisisprobablytokeeparigidopenairwaywhentheyhavetomovehugeamountsofairinandoutduringexplosivesurfacebreathing,”statesFitch.“WefoundthatthisU-shapedstructurepushesagainstabigfattycushion（垫）ontheinsideofthelarynx.Whenthewhalespushairfromtheirlungspastthiscushion,itstartstoshakeandthisgeneratesverylowfrequencyunderwatersounds,”saysElemans.Tounderstandhowmuscleactivitycouldchangethecalls,theresearchersbuiltacomputationalmodeloftheentirewhalelarynx.Themodelpredictedthenaturalvocalizationsofthewhalesverywell.However,thesenewlydiscoveredfeaturesthatallowedwhalestosuccessfullycommunicateinthevastoceansalsoposeshugephysiological（生理的）limitsformanybaleenwhales.Combiningexperimentsandmodels,theresearchersprovidethefirstevidencethatbaleenwhalesarephysiologicallyincapableofescapingnoisecausedbyhumans,becauseitcoversuptheirvoices,andthuslimitstheircommunicationrange.“Unfortunately,themainfrequencyanddepthofman-madenoisecausedbyshippingtrafficcoverthefrequencyrangeandmaximumcommunicationdepthof100metersthatwepredicted,”Elemanssays.ThefirstvoicerecordingsofacertainwhalesongbyRogerandKatyPaynein1970attractedglobalinterestinseaconservationefforts.ThePayne’smadepeopleawarehowquiettheseaswerebeforehumansstartedthewidespreaduseofmachineships.Elemansadds:“Comparedtotheseventies,ouroceansarenowevenmorefilledwithhuman-madenoise,whichaffectsthewhales,becausetheyaredependentonsoundforcommunication.Nowweshowthatdespitetheiramazingphysiology,theyliterallycannotescapethenoisehumansmakeintheoceans.”28.Whatcanweknowaboutbaleenwhales’vocalizationsystem?A.Theirairwaysareclosedduringexplosivesurfacebreath.B.Theirlarynxhasdifficultypreventingchokingunderwater.C.Theirvocalizationsystemchangedwhentheywerelandanimals.D.Theirfattycushionshakestomakelowfrequencyunderwatersounds.29.Theresearchers’experimentsandmodelsshowthat______.A.baleenwhalesareincapableofrecognizinghumans’noiseB.themuscleactivityisrelatedtothevocalizationsofthewhalesC.human-madenoisesdisturbbaleenwhales’communicationrangeD.thebodilyfeaturesinbaleenwhaleslimittheircommunicationdepth30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Seaconservationeffortsusedtobebetterthannow.B.ThespecialstructureprotectsBaleenwhalesfromnoises.C.Actionsshouldbetakentoregulatehumanactivitiesatsea.D.Theapplicationoftechnologycontributestoseaconservation.DIn1992,EdwarddeBonoarguedthat“creativityisthemostimportanthumanresourceofall.”Butmightcomputershavethecapacitytobecreative?Couldartificialintelligenceoutperformusineventhemosthumanofphenomena?ThesequestionshavemovedtotheforefrontofsocietywiththelaunchofChatGPTandDALL-E,twopowerfuldeeplearningmodelscapableofcreatingart.Wherehumancreativitycomesfromisacomplexandheavily-debatedtopic.Onetheorysupposesthatcreativityemergesfromsolvingproblemsinnewways.ThegamedesignerMarkRosewaterexplainsthat“ifyouusethesameneuralpathways,yougettothesameanswers,andwithcreativity,that’snotyourgoal.”ButstudiesfromtheUniversityofVirginiasuggesthumansmostdefault（默认）tosolvingproblemsbybuildingonknownsolutions,restrictingoriginality.Someneuroscientistsproposeanothertheoryregardingcreativity.ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.Accordingtothistheory,thebrainsolvesproblemsbestwhennotdirectlyfocusingonthemusingthefrontallobe（前额叶）,insteadlettingtheotherpartsofthebraintakeover.A.I.cannotcurrentlyemulate（仿真）thefullcomplexityofthehumanmind.Dothesedeeplearningnetworksevenhavetherequiredcomponentsthatweusewhenwearecreative?DouglasHofstadterexplainshow“emergentphenomena,”suchascreativity,correspondtoconnectionsbetweenlevelswithinmentalsystems.Similarconnectionscouldexistinartificialneuralnetworks,evenifthemechanicsdiffer.Forexample,modernartificialintelligenceemploysattentioncircuitsthatmaycauseittobehavesimilarlytothefrontallobewheremostofthebrain’sfocusingtendenciescomefrom.Theemergentnatureofcreativityopensthedoorforsimilartendenciesinmachines,buttheyaretunedsocarefullytocopyexistingideasthatitmaynotbeenoughfortrueoriginality.Mr.Rosewater’stheoryoncreativitysuggeststhatforA.I.tobecreative,itshouldbeabletosolveproblemsinnewways,whichisdifficultbecauseA.I.isbasedsoheavilyonalreadyexistingideas.Alternatively,ifcreativityisanunconsciousprocessastheUniversityofCalgaryresearchsuggests,thenitoccursmostlyoutsidethefrontallobeandmaynotexistinmachinelearningnetworks.Eitherway,currentA.I.probablylacksthecapacityforgenuinecreativityandoriginality,butitcancombineexistingideasininterestingways.Thequestionofmachinecreativityhasrepercussionsinmanyareas,suchasdevelopingcopyrightlawregardingA.I.works,consideringA.I.submissionsinartcontests,anddeterminingtheuseofChatGPTasatoolforschoolassignments.Creativitymaybe,atleastfornow,auniquehumanquality.Computersarenotyetstartingrevolutionaryartisticmovements,buttheyarealreadycombiningwhatexistsintosomethingnew,challengingustolookdeeperintoourowncreativity.31.Aboutthesourceofhumancreativity,researchfromtheUniversityofCalgarydiscoversthat______.A.humancreativityheavilyreliesontheexistingideasB.dealingwithproblemshelpsdevelophumancreativityC.beingcreativeiscloselyrelatedtocertainbrainregionsD.humancreativityisaprocessthathappensautomatically32.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat______.A.effortsshouldbeputintothestudyofhumancreativityB.creativitycanbeattainedconsciouslyonmostoccasionsC.A.I.createsbetterthanhumansinsomeareasatpresentD.humansneedmachinestobemorecreativeinvariousareas33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repercussions”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Influences. B.Objections. C.Doubts. D.Causes.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComputingCreativity:Isitagoodthing?B.ComputingCreativity:Canitbepossible?C.HumanCreativity:Whydoeshumandevelopit?D.HumanCreativity:HowcanA.I.helphumancreate?第二节（共5小题；每题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文题后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonecarriesashield（屏障）.Ourshieldsprotectwhatwedon’twantotherstosee,fromourembarrassingsecretstoourunpredictablefeelings.35Buttheproblemisthatshieldscanbecomeheavyburdens—easytoputonyetdifficulttoremove—withterribleeffects.Sinceshieldsencourageustohidenegativepartsofourselves,wecanstarttobelievethatwearen’tworthshowing.Wemightfearhowourfriendswilljudgeourstrugglesorhowourfamilieswillviewourambitions.36However,wehavetorememberthatwearen’tperfect,norshouldweexpecttobe.Weneedtofindandcurethewoundsunderneathourshields,butthatmeanswehavetoletdownourguard.Wemayevenhaveproblemswehaven’tadmittedtoourselves.37Evenifitseemsinsignificant,everyproblemshouldbeacknowledgedbeforeitgrows.Beforebeingcured,wemustknowthatweneedtobecured,andbeokaywithadmittingthat.Knowingthistakesbraveryandpatience,soit’llbehard.38Yetaskingforhelpmeansadmittingourproblemstosomebodyelse—itmeanslettingthemseewhat’sbehindourshields.Tomakeiteasier,wecanrevealourselvestosomebodyclosetouswhowetrustwillunderstandusandprovidepersonalsupport.Or,ifwefearjudgement,wecanopenuptosomeonedistantbutknowledgeable,suchasacounsellororahelpline.Nomatterwhat,wecanfindhelpwhenwebeginsearching.39Wecanbemoreforgivingoffaultssowecanbecomecomfortablewithoursandencourageotherstofollow.Mostimportantly,wecanletpeopleknowthatwearewillingtolistenandhelpandmakeiteasiertoletdownourshields.A.Thisisnotabadthing.B.Weneedtobeunderstood.C.Weshouldn’texpecttodoanyofitwithouthelp.D.Inshort,wehavethepowertochangethisphenomenon.E.Hencewedecidetohideourselvesunderneathourmasks.F.Ifyoucan’ttrustyourpartner,itwon’tbeeasytoletthemin.G.Maybewe’rehidingsomethingfromafriendorscaredtoadmitanerror.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。IalwayswantedtobelikeexplorersMarcoPoloorIbnBattuta.Theytraveledtheworldwithcuriosityandadesiretosharewithothersthemarvelstheydiscovered.TheyhadnoInternet,guidebooks,socialmedia,blogs,vlogs,reviews,orslideshows.Andwithsomuchinformationavailable,howcanonepossiblybelikethesetravelwritingpioneers?Theanswermayshockyouasitdidmytraveljournalismstudents.Iplannothinginadvanceexceptforaplacetostayandlettheplacerevealitselftomeonitsownterms.Andhowdoesthatworkout?Ihavecontributedto130internationalpublicationswitharticlesaboutwhatIdiscovered.Idonotrecommendthisapproachtoeveryone.ButwhatIdosuggestisthatyougiveupyourdesiretohaveeverythingplannedinadvance,andthatyoustopobsessingaboutallthetripdetailsandtryingtomakeitaperfecttrip.Whetheryouaretravelingwithatourgroup,friends,family,orsolo,leaveunstructuredtime,somagiccanhappen.ManypeopleIknowapproachtravellikeajob,andastressfuloneatthat.Theywanttomakesuretheycoverallthebasesanddon’tmissanything.Butinmyopinion,theycopywhatothershavedonebeforethemandcheckeachsiteoffonalist.Sohowdoyoumakeyourtripunique?Icallitslowtravel.It’snotjustaboutslowingdown.Insteadofrunningfromplacetoplace,youlookaroundyou,youtakeyourenvironmentin,younoticethingsthatperhapsnoonehasevernoticedbefore.Youcanstarttalkingtopeople.Randompeopleyoumeetandtalktoareakeyelementyoucannotplanfor.Theymaytellyouaboutplacesandeventsthatwillenrichyourtrip.Theygiveyoulocalinsidertips.Theymayevenaccompanyyouorinviteyoutojointhemforanexperience.TheyhaveenrichedeverytripIhavetaken.Andthemoreyoutalktopeople—evenifyouareshy—themoreyoudeveloptheself-confidencetodomoreofit.Andthenyouarereallyinthepresent,havinganexperiencethatisuniquelyyours.40.Whydoestheauthor’swayoftravellingshockherstudents?41.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmostpeople’swayoftravelling?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Youcanmakeyourtripuniquebymakingadetailedplan,noticingnewthingsintheplaceandmeetinglocalpeopletoexperiencelo