unit5夜莺与玫瑰课文分析

unit5夜莺与玫瑰课文分析AbouttheAuthorOscarWildewasborninDublin,IrelandonOctober16,1854.EarlyDeath(1900)BeeducatedinTrinityCollege,Dublin()InMay1895,WildewasprosecutedandimprisonedforhomosexualityunderthetermsoftheCriminalLawAmendmentAct(刑事法修正法令).BosieOscarWilde’sworks

TheHappyPrinceAndOtherTales《快乐王子和其他故事》--FairytaleThePictureofDorianGray《道林·格雷的画像》FictionPlays:

LadyWindermere'sFan《温德密尔夫人的扇子》

AWomanofNoImportance

《无足轻重的女人》

AnIdealHusband《理想的丈夫》TheImportanceofBeingEarnest

《认真的重要性》AboutHomosexualitySappho萨福ThefirstfemalepoetinAcientGreece

Michelangelo

B.

1475-1564

米开朗基罗TheItalianartist（unmarried--homosexuality）

Leonardo

Da

Versace

1452-1519

达芬奇TheItalianartistHomosexualhastheequalrightsasanybodyelse.

AbouttheauthorAbouttheauthorOscarWilde’srichanddramaticportrayalsofthehumanconditioncameduringtheheightoftheVictorianErathatsweptthroughLondoninthelate19thcentury.Part1(Paras.):

Part2(Paras.):Part3(Paras.):Part4(Paras.):TextAnalysisStructure1-1213-3435-45Nightingalestruckby“themysteryoflove”NightingalelookingforaredrosetofacilitatetheloveNightingalesacrificingherlifeforaredroseTheendofStructure.

Studentdiscardingtheredrose46-54Discussion—ImagesWhatarethesymbolicmeaningsof“Redrose”,“Lizard”“Butterfly”and“Nightingale”?Discussion—ImagesSymbolicmeanings:

Redrose—

truelove,whichneedsconstantnourishmentofpassionsofthelovers.

Discussion—Images

Nightingale—atruthful,devotedpursueroflove,whodarestosacrificehisownpreciouslife

Student—notatruelover,ignorantoflove,notpersistentinpursuingloveDiscussion—ImagesLizard—cynic(cynicalpeople)

cynic:apersonwhoseeslittleornogoodinanythingandwhohasnobeliefinhumanprogressTheButterflyrepresentsonekindofpeoplewholikeflattering.Theydon’tjudgethingsthemselvesbutdependonothers.TheDaisyrepresentssomecowardpeoplewhohaveconcerntowardsothersbutdarenotshowthisconcerndirectly.Wilde’scommentsinalettertooneofhisfriends(May1888):Thenightingaleisthetruelover,ifthereisone.

She,atleast,isRomance,andthestudentandthegirlare,likemostofus,unworthyofRomance.

So,atleast,itseemstome,butIliketofancythattheremaybemanymeaningsinthetale,forinwritingitIdidnotstartwithanideaandclotheitinform,butbeganwithaformandstrovetomakeitbeautifulenoughtohavemanysecretsandmanyanswers.

Discussion—writingfeaturesWhatisthegenreofthisstory?Anditscharacteristics?FairytalesCharacteristics: 1) personificationofbirds,insects,animalsandtrees 2) vivid,simplenarrationtypicaloftheoraltraditionoffairytales 3) repetitivepatternDiscussion—writingfeaturesAprofoundthemePureandbeautifulimagesPoeticlanguageDramaticplotDiscussion—figurativespeechesPersonificationSimileandMetaphorClimaxandAnticlimaxWritingDevices“Shehasform,thatcannotbedeniedbuthasshegotfeeling?Iamafraidnot.Infact,sheislikemostartists;sheisallstylewithoutanysincerity.Shewouldnotsacrificeherselfforothers.”hesaidtohimself,ashewalkedawaythroughthegrove.(Para.34)Personification:

givehumanformsorfeelingstoanimals,orlifeandpersonalattributestoinanimateobjects,ortoideasandabstractionsPersonificationWhateffectdoyouthinkithashere?Discussion—figurativespeechesSimileandmetaphor

Simile:

…hervoicewaslikewaterbubblingfromasilverjar. …aswhiteasthefoamofthesea…

Metaphor:

...andthecoldcrystalmoonDiscussion—figurativespeechesClimax

--derivedfromtheGreekword“ladder,”impliestheprogressionofthoughtatauniformoralmost uniformrateofsignificanceorintensitye.g. Icame,Isaw,Iconquered. 我来了，我看见了，我胜利了。（内容是一步一步上升的）Discussion—figurativespeechesAnti-climax:

statingone’sthoughtsinadescendingorderof significanceorintensity,oftenusedtoridiculeorsatire.eg.1. Asaseriousman,IlovedBeethoven,Keats,andhotdogs. 2. Thedutiesofasoldieraretoprotecthiscountryandpeelpotatoes.士兵的职责是保卫祖国和剥土豆皮。ClimaxWritingDevicesSotheNightingalepressedcloseragainstthethorn,andthethorntouchedherheart,andafiercepangofpainshotthroughher.Bitter,bitterwasthepain,andwilderandwildergrewhersong,forshesungoftheLovethatisperfectedbyDeath,oftheLovethatdiesnotinthetomb.Climax&AnticlimaxWhateffectdoyouthinkithashere?MoreExlesAndthemarvelousrosebecamecrimson.Crimsonwasthegirdleofpedals,andcrimsonasrubywastheheart.ButtheNightingale’svoicegrewfainterandafilmcameoverhereyes.Fainterandfaintergrewhersong,andshefeltchokinginherthroat.AndatnoontheStudentopenedhiswindowandlookedout.…“Whatawonderfulpieceofluck!”hecried…heleaneddownandpluckedit.

Anticlimax:statingone’sthoughtsinadescendingorderofsignificanceorintensity,oftenusedtoridiculeorsatireClimax&AnticlimaxInversion…andlouderandloudergrewhersong…RhetoricalQuestionWhatisaheartofabirdcomparedtotheheartofaman?RepetitionAndadelicateflushofpinkcameintoleavesoftherose,liketheflushinthefaceofthebridegroomwherehekissesthelipsofthebride.

SyntacticalStructuresRepetitionShesweptoverthegardenlikeashadow,andlikeashadowshesailedthroughthegrove.Bitter,bitterwasthepain,andwilderandwildergrewhersong.Andthemarvelousrosebecamecrimson.Crimsonwasthegirdleofpedals,andcrimsonasrubywastheheart.ButtheNightingale’svoicegrewfainter…Fainterandfaintergrewhersong…

Findmoreexlesinthetext.SentenceParaphrase“Ah,Ihavereadallthatthewisemenhavewritten…mylifeismadewretched.”NoticethesarcastictoneoftheauthorwhenhehadtheStudentrefertothe“wisemen”.Asachionfor“artforart’ssake”,theauthorarguesthatoneshouldnotpaintorwriteforfinancial,politicalorreligiousreasons.HethereforekeepspokingfunattheStudent,theprofessor,thedustyheavybooks,logic,philosophy,intellect,andmetaphysics.Manypeoplehoweverrejectthisview.Theydonotbelieveitpossibletohavesuchathingasartforart’ssake.“ThePrincegivesaballtomorrownight,…andmylovewillbethere.”giveaball:togiveadancingpartyNoticetheuseofthepresentindefinitetenseforexpressingthefuture.“Ball”herereferstoalargeformaloccasionatwhichpeopledance.mylove:mysweetheart.Theword“love”hereisusedasatermofendearmentasin:Myloveislikeared,redrose,Newlysprunginspring.

RobertBurns(1759—1796)“Themusicianswillplayupontheirstringedinstruments,…andmylovewilldancetothesoundoftheharpandtheviolin.”dancetothesoundoftheharp:danceaccordingtothesoundoftheharp,e.g.Thesnakewouldthendancetothemusic.

“Butwithmeshewillnotdance,forIhavenoredrosetogiveher,”andheflunghimselfdownonthegrass,…for:Whenusedasaconjunction,itmeans“because”,butitisnowconsideredquiteformal,anditisnotasstrongas“because”,thereforeinadverbialclausesofreason,“because”isalwaysused.Like“and”and“but”,“for”isusedincoordinateclauses.…andthelittleLizard,whowassomethingofacynic,laughedoutright.somethingofacynic:

acynicwithoutfullydeservingthename,e.g.

e.g.Heissomethingofascholar他略有学问.cynic:acynicalperson;apersonwhobelievesthateverybodyismotivatedbyselfishness.

laughedoutright:laughedoutloud;burstoutlaughing

“Givemearedrose,…andIwillsingyoumysweetestsong.”

“Sweet”couldrefertotaste,smell,orsound.AskstudentstotranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChinese:sweetair;sweetsong;sweetmusic;sweetwine;sweetflowers;sweetcake;sweetsmile;sweettemper;sweetlady;sweetwater.“…andredderthanthegreatfansofcoral.”Noticethemetaphoricaluseoftheword“fan”,whichreferstoanythingresemblingafan.Moreexles:Themouthofariver;thefootofthepage;thenorthernfaceofthemountain;theeyeofaneedle;thenoseofaplane;“Butthewinterhaschilledmyveins,andthefrosthasnippedmybuds,andthestormhasbrokenmybranches,andIshallhavenorosesatallthisyear.”chill:tofreeze;tonumb;tolowerthetemperaturechilly(adj.):coldnipthebuds:tostopthegrowthofthebudsnipitinthebud:topreventsth.frombecomingaproblembystoppingitassoonasitstarts“OneredroseisallthatIwant,…onlyoneredrose!IstherenowaybywhichIcangetit?”“…whatistheheartofabirdcomparedtotheheartofaman?”Thissentencemeans:Theheartofabirdisnothingcomparedtotheheartofaman.Inotherwords,fortheNightingale,theStudent’sloveismuchmoreimportantthanherlife.…sweptoverthegarden……movedquicklyoverthegarden…Observehowtheword“sweep”areused:Anewbroomalwayssweepstheroomclean.Aterriblestormsweptacrossthewholecity.Youcan’tsaytheyareallcorrupt.That’stoosweeping一网打尽的.Theremightbeafewexceptions.“Behappy,…youshallhaveyourredrose.”Themodalverb“shall”isusedheretoconveyasolemnpromise.Itisusedtosaythatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappen.Noticethatthisusageisconsideredformalandold-fashioned.TheStudentlookedupfromthegrass,andlistened,buthecouldnotunderstandwhattheNightingalewassayingtohim.Whycouldn’ttheStudentunderstandwhattheNightingalewassayingtohim?Obviously,itwasnotbecausehecouldnotunderstandbirdlanguage,butratherbecausehecouldnotunderstandtruelove.“Shehasform…sheisallstylewithoutanysincerity.”“Form”isthedesign,pattern,orstructureasopposedtothesubstance.Inmusic,itreferstosuchthingsasmelody,rhythm,andharmony.NoticetheironywhentheStudentsaysthattheNightingalehasnofeelings.HiscommentsontheNightingale’smusicremindusofwhatpeoplesaidaboutOscarWilde’sviewsonart.Noticetheuseof“all”inthesentence“It’sallstyle”.Itmeans“apartfromstyle,thereisnothingelse”.Moreexles:Heisasstrongasahorse.Heisallmuscle.Don’tlistentohim.It’sallstuffandnonsense.Hewasallhotair.Alotofbeautifulwords,butcompletelymeaningless.…andafteratime,hefellasleep.InmodernEnglishwewouldsay“aftersometime”or“afteramoment”.NoticetheironyinhowtheStudentcouldfallasleepsoquickly.Shesangfirstofthebirthofloveintheheartofaboyandagirl.thefirststageofLove:她先歌唱少男少女心中初次萌发的爱情Forshesangofthebirthofpassioninthesoulofamanandmaid.thesecondstageofLove:因为她歌唱着一对成年男女内心诞生的激情adelicateflushofpink“delicate”means“soft,orfaint”柔和的，清谈的delicate:1)fragile易碎的e.g.delicatevase.2)bemadeskillfully精致的，精细的delicatemachine3）requiredtactfultreatment微妙的,棘手的delicatenegotiation棘手的谈判

…LovethatisperfectedbyDeath,ofthelovethatdiesnotinthetomb.Paraphrase

…Lovethatgrowsandgrowsuntilthepersondies,andofthelovethatwillliveineternity.“thelovethatdiesnotinthetomb”isold-fashioned.InmodernEnglish,itwouldbe“theLovethatdoesn’tdieinthetomb”.她在歌唱因死亡而完美的爱情，那即便在坟墓中也不死的爱情，“…itwillnotgowithmydress,”…gowithmydress:tomatchmydress;tobeharmoniouswithmydresse,g,Thisfurnituredoesnotgowiththecolorofthewalls.“Well,uponmyword,youareveryungrateful,”…Noticetheirony.TheStudentaccusedthegirlofbeingungratefulwithoutrealizingthathewasnobetter.“Infactitisquiteunpractical,andasinthisage…IshallgobacktoPhilosophy.”“as”means“because”here,unpractical:also“impractical”Excercises2.CompletesentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsthathedecidedtodevotehiswholelifetoteachinginhishomevillageafterhefinishedschool2.thathesoonlosthispower(orwasoverthrown)3.thatpeoplegenerallyagreethatfewmajor\bigproblemscanberesolvedwithoutChina’sparticipation4.withaguninhishand5.withapageboystandingoneithersideofhimandafewelderlysoldierssweepingthegroundoutsidethecitygate6.Withtheroaringriverinfrontandtheenemysoldiersfollowingclosely7.tokeepcalm8.Tobeaprofessormeans9.Toknowalotofnames,personsandeventsinthepastdoesnotnecessarilymean3.Fillintheblackswiththecorrectprepositionsoradverbs.1for,on2against,out3to,in4with,to5of,of6of,inspiteof,on7of,in8Upon,into9in,with10to/withgoabout(doing)sth.:starttoworkandsth;tacklesth.e.g.goaboutone’sbusinessDon’tgoaboutthejobthatway.gobysth.:(a)beguidedordirectedbysth.gobytherules

(b)formanopinionorajudgementfromsth.你们有足以做出判断的证据吗？Doyouhaveenoughevidencetogoby?timegoesby

gophrasesgointo:(a)join(anorganization),espinordertohaveacareerinit;entersth.(b)examineorinvestigatesthcarefully

gointobanking,teaching\theArmy,theParliamentIdon’twanttogointotheminordetailsnow.gothroughsth.:a.toexaminecarefullyb.toexperiencegothroughthestudents'papersThecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.

gowithsth;gotogether:combinewellwithsth;harmonizewithsthe.g.Ineedsomenewshoestogowiththesetrousers.goforsb\stha.applytosb\sth.b.beattractedbysb\sth;likeorprefersb.\sth.我说的关于史密斯的话也适用于你。whatIsaidaboutSmithgoesforyou,too.我对现代艺术很不欣赏。Idon’tgomuchformodernartgoundera.sinkbelowthesurfaceoftheseab.(infml)becomebankrupt;failThefirmwillgounderunlesswbusinessimproves.gooversth.a.examinethedetailofsth;checksthb.studyorreviewcarefully;rehearseorrevisesth交作业前要仔细的检查一下。Gooveryouworkcarefullybeforeyouhanditin.shake，tremble，shiverTheseverbsmeantomanifestinvoluntaryvibratorymovement.这些动词意味着显示出不由自主的振动。Shakeisthemostgeneral:是最普通的：Thechild'ssmallbodyshookwithweeping.孩子的小身躯因抽泣而抖动。Thefloorshookwhenshewalkedacrosstheroom.当她穿过房间时地板晃动。shake，tremble，shiverTrembleimpliesquick,ratherslightmovement,asfromexcitement,weakness,oranger:Tremble意指迅速、相当轻微的运动，由于激动、虚弱或生气引起：Icouldfeeltheyoungster'shandtrembleinmine.我能感到那个年轻人的手在我的手中颤抖。Theappleblossomstrembledinthewind.苹果花在风中摇曳。shake，tremble，shiverShiverinvolvesrapid,ratherslighttrembling,asofapersonexperiencingchill:Shiver意指受寒后快速、相当轻微的颤抖：“asIstoodshiveringinthesnowinhoarywinternight”“我站在古老的冬日雪夜中颤抖”4.Fillintheblankswiththemostappropriatephraseinthebrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.1.springingup/goingup(两者均可。前者更生动些)2.goabout/goover（两者均可，但前者指开始某项工作，后者指该计划本身要仔细审阅一下，意思有所不同）3.wentout4goingon5wentoff6goeswith,goto7gounder,gofor8gointo9going,goto,gofor,goalongwith,wentcrazy10gowith,gotogether5TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1.这是个难得的机会。你要是让它从身边溜掉就太傻了。Thisisawonderfulopportunity.Youwouldbefoolishtoletitslipby.2.我们的出口和去年相比增加了百分之二十。Comparedwithlastyear,ourexportshaveincreasedby20%.(or…areupby20%/…havegoneupby20%)3.因为没有更好的词，我们姑且称之为“走后门主义吧”吧。Forwantofsbetterword,let’scallit“backdoorism”.4.这个年轻人喜欢修理摆弄东西。他可以说是个万金油。Thisyoungmanisfondoffixingthings.HeissomethingofaJackofalltrades.5.和他们父母一代相