河北省保定市定州市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

2023—2024学年第一学期期末调研考试高一英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Theairport.B.Thetrainstation.C.Thebusstation.2.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonFriday?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostandguest.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Sisterandbrother.4.Whatistheman?A.Asalesman.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.5.Whenisthefirstpianoclass?A.OnJune22nd.B.OnJune26th.C.OnJune29th.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowdoesMartinfeelaboutthecomingexam?A.Relaxed.B.Confident.C.Stressed.7.WhatdoesthewomanadviseMartintodo?A.WatchTV.B.Haveasleep.C.Continuereviewing.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whendidthewomangocamping?A.LastWednesday.B.LastFriday.C.LastSaturday.9.Whatdidthewomanlikedoingduringhercampingtrip?A.Buildingacampfire.B.Listeningtostories.C.Lookingforinsects.10.Whowillthemangocampingwith?A.Hisclassmates.B.Hisfather.C.Thewoman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomanchangethetimeofherdancelessons?A.Toswim.B.Togoforaninterview.C.TostudywithEvan.12.WhatwillthewomandowithherfriendsthisWednesday?A.Seeafilm.B.Gotothepark.C.Visitthemuseum.13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Askirt.B.Aticket.C.Adancingdress.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atapostoffice.B.Inastreet.C.Atatheater.15.Whatisthebuildingnexttothetheater?A.NewWorldStore.B.TheCityHall.C.TheGreatHotel.16.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonext?A.Gotoabank.B.Dosomeshopping.C.WalktotheRichHotel.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howdoesthespeakersuggestgoingtothezooonweekends?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Byunderground.18.Howmuchshouldanadultpayfortheentranceticket?A.3pounds.B.7pounds.C.15pounds19.Howcanyoubookaschooltriptothezoo?A.OntheInternet.B.Byphone.C.Throughemails.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Animals.B.Aterriblestorm.C.Thereopeningofazoo.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourArtStudyAbroadProgramsin2024Whetheryoulovearthistory,dance,photography,writing,orbeyond,herearethetopartprogramstoattendin2024.The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly|ArtHistoryAbroadProgramlength:6weeksinsummerPrice:$10,000Ifyou’reinterestedinstudyingartists,criticism,andpaintingtechniquesduringperiodsliketheRenaissanceandstyleslikebaroque,Romanesque,andmodernart,thenthisprogramisforyou.Itpridesitselfonnotsimplyteachingartbutalsocultureandanappreciationofbeauty.CreativeInternships(实习)inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiativeProgramlength:1monthPrice:$3,250Ifyou’veeverhadaninterestinpursuingacareerinthecreativeindustry,consideraninternshipopportunitywithArtBoundInitiative.Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYearProgramlength:1semesterPrice:$17,000ExploreyourownareasofinterestasyouworksidebysidewithlocalIrishartists,photographers,writers,andmusicians,learningaboutIreland’srichculturalandartisticheritage.Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries,museums,andcastles,andattheend,you’llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo.CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgeProgramsProgramlength:1semesterPrice:$16,500Whetheryou’reacompletebeginneroranexperiencedperformerorartist,yourinterestsandtalentswillbenurturedbyindustryprofessionals.Duringyourtimehere,youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.1.Whereshouldyougotoobtaincareerguidanceaccordingtothetext?A.France. B.Australia. C.Italy. D.Ireland.2.Whichprogramenablesparticipantstodisplaytheirworks?A.The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly.B.CreativeInternshipsinAustraliawithABI.C.TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram.D.CreativeSemesterinFrance.3.Howmuchshouldanartistpaytoimprovehisperformingskills?A.$3,250. B.$10,000. C.$16,500. D.$17,000.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年的四个艺术留学项目，涉及艺术史、舞蹈、摄影、写作和表演。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“CreativeInternships(实习)inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiative”部分内容“Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.(实习生可以在令人兴奋的海外地区工作，同时获得专业人士一对一的职业指导)”可知，该项目提供专业的一对一职业指导。由此可知，要获得职业指导可以去澳大利亚参加该项目。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYear”部分内容“Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries,museums,andcastles,andattheend,you’llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo(你的实践经验与一日游画廊、博物馆和城堡密不可分，最后，你将有机会在LeCheile艺术博览会上展出你的作品)可知，参加该项目会有机会在LeCheile艺术博览会上展出自己的作品。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgePrograms”部分内容“Whetheryou’reacompletebeginneroranexperiencedperformerorartist,yourinterestsandtalentswillbenurturedbyindustryprofessionals.Duringyourtimehere,youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.(无论你是一个完全的初学者，还是一个经验丰富的表演者或艺术家，你的兴趣和才能都将由行业专业人士培养。在这里的这段时间里，你将努力提高你的技能，这将以故事片或创意表演结束)”可知，参加该项目能够可以提高自己的表演技能，其费用为“Price:$16,500(价格：16500美元)”。故选C项。BLotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports,butJosephD’AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs.The9-year-oldfromNewington,Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow—whichisaboutbaseball,basketballandothersports—withhisdad,MikeD’Avirro,sinceSeptember2019.TheD’AvirrostartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied,whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.Thentheideacametohim.Sofar,theyhavedoneabout50programs.Joseph’sfavoriteiswhenthefather-and-sonteaminterviewedJimCalhoun,thecoachleadingtheConnecticutHuskiestothreenationaltitles.Theyhavealsointerviewedimportantsportsauthors.Thefatherandsonmakeaboutone30-to40-minutepodcasteachmonth.Theyprepareforthepodcastsbydecidingonthequestionstheywanttoasktheguest.Josephaskshalfofthequestions,andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork,butJosephsaysitis“alotmorefunthanhomework”.Josephhasalsolearnedtospeakupandspeakclearly.Hehastolistenandtogowiththeflowoftheconversation.Forexample,hesaid,“Iftheguestistalkingaboutsportsinthe1990s,youhavetothinkaboutsportsinthe1990s.”Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow,heanswered,“Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs.”Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup—tobeasportsplayer,asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams,butJosephisalreadylivingadream:talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.4.WhatisJoseph’sshowabout?A.Sometalkshowsonsports.B.Waystogetalongwithparents.C.Storiesaboutfamoussportsplayers.D.Sportsthathisfamilylovesplaying.5.WhatinspiredMiketostarttheshowwithhisson?A.Hisson’stalentforsports.B.Hiswishtobeahostsincecollege.C.Thedeathsofhiscollegeroommates.D.Theencouragementfromhisroommates.6.WhatdoesJosephthinkofmemorizinghisquestions?A.It’sasboringashomework.B.It’schallengingtohisbrain.C.Ittakesalotoftimebutmeansalot.D.It’smoreinterestingthanhomework.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ArisingsportsbroadcasterB.AlongroadtogotosuccessC.Thefather-and-sonteamhostsD.JosephD’Avirro’sbigdream【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了九岁男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做体育节目。Joseph喜欢这个节目，已经做了50个节目，采访了重要的体育人物和作家。Joseph觉得准备节目比做作业更有趣。他们会一直做下去，直到爸爸变白头发。这个故事展示了Joseph实现了与爸爸一起讨论体育的梦想。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The9-year-oldfromNewington,Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow—whichisaboutbaseball,basketballandothersports—withhisdad,MikeD’Avirro,sinceSeptember2019.(这位来自康涅狄格州纽因顿的9岁男孩天生擅长体育谈话，自2019年9月以来，他一直在和父亲MikeD’Avirro一起播报这个关于棒球、篮球和其他运动的节目)”可知，

Joseph的节目是一个关于运动的体育谈话节目。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheD’AvirrostartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied,whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.(在迈克的两个大学前室友去世后，D’Avirro开始播报，这让迈克想花更多的时间和儿子在一起)”可知，大学室友的去世激发了Mike与儿子一起做节目。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Josephaskshalfofthequestions,andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork,butJosephsaysitis“alotmorefunthanhomework”.(Joseph问一半的问题，Mike处理另一半。Joseph一遍又一遍地读他的问题，把它们牢牢记在脑子里。这是一项繁重的工作，但Joseph说这“比家庭作业有趣得多”)”可知，对于在谈话节目中要处理的问题，Joseph认为这比家庭作业更有趣。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，九岁男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做体育节目。Joseph喜欢这个节目，已经做了50个节目，采访了重要体育人物和作家。Joseph觉得准备节目比做作业更有趣。他们会一直做下去，直到爸爸变白头发。这个故事展示了Joseph实现了与爸爸一起讨论体育的梦想。C选项“Thefather-and-sonteamhosts(父子组合担任主持人)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选C。CInthenorthernmostedgeofColombiasitsthecoastaltownofAcandí.Accesstothetownisonlybywaterorair;thereisnoroadthatleadsthere.Theresidentstherearefacedwiththestrugglesofbalancinglivelihoodswhileprotectingbiodiversity.Inthepast,traditionalcommunityfishingmethods,passeddownbytheelders,focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.However,theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels(拖网渔船)decadesagograduallydepletedthearea’sfishingresources,leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.JesúsAntonioJulioCuestas,whoservesintheregion’sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources,stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques.“Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources,”saysCuestas.HeandotherofficialsactivelymonitorfishingactivitiesinAcandí.Eachmorning,theyvisitthefishmarketstogatherdataonfisheryresources—includingpricesandsizes—tomonitorthestateofthelocalfishingindustry.AlongwithCuestas,thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices,theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing.“Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles,”explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.ThismarinereserveinAcandí,Cuestasbelieves,istheirgreatesttreasure.Heattachesgreatimportancetoworkingtogetherwithlocalresidentstoimprovethequalityoflifewhilepreservingthemarineecosystem.Bydoingso,heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers,suchasengineersorlawyers,proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandí.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depleted”inparagraph2mean?A.Reused. B.Restored.C.Explored. D.Reduced.9.WhydoesJulioCuestascallfornewfishingtechniques?A.Tocutdownonthecostsoffishing.B.Toimprovetheincomeoflocalresidents.C.Topromotethewell-beingofmarinewildlife.D.Tospreadtraditionalcommunityfishingmethods.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theaimofthechangestofishingmethods.B.Theeffortstopreservemarineecosystem.C.Theresultsthetrawlnetshavebroughtabout.D.Theimpactoffishersonthelocalenvironment.11.WhatisJulioCuestas’sattitudetowardsAcandí’sfuture?A.Confident. B.Uncaring.C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是哥伦比亚最北部的沿海小镇Acandí，该地的居民在保护生物多样性的同时努力平衡生计。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Inthepast,traditionalcommunityfishingmethods,passeddownbytheelders,focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.(在过去，传统的社区捕鱼方法是由长辈传下来的，注重合理捕捞和资源管理。)”同时根据划线词后面的内容“leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.(导致海洋生物严重受损。)”可知，传统的社区捕鱼方法是注重合理捕捞和资源管理的，可是拖网渔船的捕捞方式导致海洋生物严重受损，前后构成转折关系，故这种捕捞方式导致海洋捕鱼资源不断减少。故划线词与D选项“Reduced.(减少)”为同义词。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels(拖网渔船)decadesagograduallydepletedthearea’sfishingresources,leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.(然而，几十年前引进的大型拖网渔船逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，导致海洋生物受到严重破坏。)”以及第三段中“JesúsAntonioJulioCuestas,whoservesintheregion’sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources,stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques.(Jesús负责该地区海洋资源保护和管理的AntonioJulioCuestas强调了这些发展的不良影响，并呼吁采用新的捕鱼技术。)”可知，因为Jesús注意到了这种捕捞方式对海洋野生动物带来了消极的影响，因此为了促进海洋野生动物的繁荣，其呼吁使用新的捕捞技术。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“AlongwithCuestas,thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices,theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing.(渔民们与Cuestas一起努力减少对海洋生态系统的影响。通过改变捕鱼方法和采用新的做法，他们的目标是实现更平衡的捕鱼方式。)”以及“Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.(变化包括船只努力保护海草，海草是海洋生物的觅食地，渔民不再在海龟产卵的地方撒网。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是保护海洋生态系统，渔民们与Cuestas所做出的种种努力。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Bydoingso,heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers,suchasengineersorlawyers,proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandí.(通过这样做，他想象了这样一幅画面：来自渔业社区的个人可以从事各种职业，比如工程师或律师，并自豪地宣称他们是Acandí渔业传统的产物。)”可知，JulioCuestas认为，通过积极的努力以及与渔民的互相合作，渔业社区的个人可以追求各种职业，海洋生态系统也得到了保护，人们可以自豪地宣称他们是Acandí渔业传统的产物，因此JulioCuestas对Acandí的未来是充满希望和信心的。故选A。DLossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(痴呆),accordingtoanewstudy.“Wefoundthatagingwasassociatedwithadeclineintheamountofthedeepeststagesofsleep,knownasslow-wavesleep.Wethenfoundthatpeoplewithgreaterdeclinesinslow-wavesleepovertimehadahigherriskofgettingdementiaoverthenext17yearsoffollow-up,”saidMatthewPase,seniorauthorofthestudy.Slow-wavesleepisthethirdandfourthstagesofsleep,whichisimportantforbrainhealth.Duringthisstage,thebodyremovesunwantedorharmfulmaterialsfromthebrain.“Forthebrain,thisdeepsleepisthoughttobethemostrestorative,”saidDrRichardIsaacson,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.Theresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherchronic(慢性的)reductionsinslow-wavesleepovertimearelinkedtodementiariskinhumansandwhetherdementia-relatedprocessesinthebrainmaycontributetogettinglessofthistypeofsleep.Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies—onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001—duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.Bythattime,52participantshadbeendiagnosedwithdementia.Eachpercentagedecreaseinslow-wavesleepperyearwaslinkedtoa27percentincreasedriskofdevelopingdementia.Therateofslow-wavesleeplossaccelerated(加速)fromage60,peakedfromages75to80andslowedafterwards.“Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson’sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia,”Isaacsonsaid.“It’simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight,butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible.”12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy?A.Theolderyouare,thelesssleepyouwillhave.B.Slow-wavesleephasbeenlinkedtotheriskofdementia.C.Therateofslow-wavesleeplosskeepsgoingupwithage.D.Theamountofsleephasanimpactontheriskofdementia.13.Howdidresearchersgetwhattheywanted?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byintroducingaconcept.C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy. D.Bymakingasurvey.14.WhatdidDrRichardIsaacsonsuggest?A.Sleepqualityneedsmoreattention.BWeshouldhaveenoughsleep.C.Theelderlyshouldsleepmorethantheyoung.D.Theamountofsleepismoreimportantthansleepquality.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Sports. B.Health. C.Education. D.Environment.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述随着年龄增长，人们的深睡眠时间会越来越短。新研究发现，如果深睡眠时间大幅减少，患痴呆症的风险将会大增。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(痴呆),accordingtoanewstudy.(新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险)”可知，慢波睡眠与患痴呆症的风险有关。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies—onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001—duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.(研究人员调查了平均年龄69岁的346个人，并且分别在1995年至1998年间以及1998年至2001年间完成了两项夜间睡眠研究，在这期间对他们的睡眠进行了监测。研究人员还调查了参与者慢波睡眠时间的任何变化是否与完成睡眠研究17年后患痴呆症有关)”可知，研究人员是通过做调查的方式得到他们想要的。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson’sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia,”Isaacsonsaid.“It’simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight,butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible.”(“这项重要研究再次表明了睡眠质量对于一个人患上认知衰退和痴呆症风险的影响。”艾萨克森表示：“我们不光要注意一个人每夜睡眠的总时长，也要尽可能监测睡眠质量。”)”可知，RichardIsaacson的建议是要多关注睡眠质量。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(痴呆),accordingtoanewstudy.(新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险)”可知，这是与健康有关的研究，所以这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上的“健康”板块。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Dustingisparticularlyannoying.Nearlytwo-thirdsofhouseholddustcontentcomesfromtheoutdoors,someofwhichmaycontainharmfulchemicals.So,keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossibleisimportanttoimproveoverallhealth.____16____？Ingeneral,youshoulddustyourhome’smostexposedsurfacesonaweeklybasis.Thismeansitemssuchastables,shelves,beds,dressers,counter-topsandwindows.____17____.Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.Changeyourbedsheetsweekly,asdustmites(螨)especiallylovebedding.____18____.Everythreetosixmonths,cleanbehindandunderfurniture,andwashyourbedding.Sincesomuchdustcomesinfromtheoutdoors,youcancutdownontheamountgatheringinyourhomebykeepingdoorsandwindowsclosedasoftenaspossible,andplacingcarpetsonbothsidesofdoors.____19____,changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes.Getridofoddsandends,whichcaneasilyattractdust,andbecarefulhowyouhandleclothes.Sinceclothesbothcollectsdustandsheds(掉落)fibers,regularlywashanyclothesordon’tthrowclothingontheground.Whenyou’regettingreadytocleanaroom,alwaysworkfromthetopdown.____20____,thedustonthehighestsurfaceswilldriftdowntoeverythingyou’vejustcleaned.A.IfyoudustfromthebottomupB.Howcanwekeepthehomedust-freeC.Whyshouldwekeepthehomedust-freeD.YoucanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehomeE.YoucanbuysomenewshoesbeforeyoureturnhomeF.Don’tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaroundG.Itemsthatdon’tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了清理家里灰尘的方法。【16题详解】上文“So,keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossibleisimportanttoimproveoverallhealth.”（因此，保持你的家尽可能无尘对改善整体健康很重要。）空格处承接上文，总结全段。B项“Howcanwekeepthehomedust-free”（我们怎样才能保持家里无尘）其中“keepthehomedust-free”与上文“keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossible”一致。故选B项。【17题详解】后文“Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.”（使用超细纤维或天然纤维布，以收集灰尘。）空格处与后文形成对立关系。F项“Don’tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaround”（不要用鸡毛掸子简单地把灰尘推来推去）其中“Don’tusefeatherdusters”与后文“Usemicrofiberornatural-fibercloths”对立。故选F项。【18题详解】后文“Everythreetosixmonths,cleanbehindandunderfurniture,andwashyourbedding.”（每三到六个月，清洁家具的背后和下面，并清洗床上用品。）空格处与后文呼应。G项“Itemsthatdon’tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning”（不容易收集灰尘的物品可能一个月都不用清洁）其中“Itemsthatdon’tcollectdusteasily”与后文中“cleanbehindandunderfurniture”一致。故选G项。【19题详解】后文“changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes.”（把它们换成拖鞋或家居鞋。）空格处与后文形成顺承关系。D项“Youcanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehome”（你回家后可以脱鞋）其中“shoes”与后文“them”一致。故选D项。【20题详解】前文“alwaysworkfromthetopdown”（一定要自上而下地清扫），空格处与前文形成对立关系。A项“Ifyoudustfromthebottomup”（如果你从下往上掸灰尘）是前文的反面，后接错误操作导致的结果。故选A项。【点睛】第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.However,unfortunately,noteveryonehas____21____tofreshfoods,____22____thoseinpoorcommunities.AteenagernamedLaurenSchroeder____23____thiswhenshevolunteeredatacommunityfoodnonprofit.Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes,ratherthanstraightfromthefields.____24____tomakeachange,Laurensetouttogrowproducesoshecoulddonateitto____25____families.“Iwantedpeopletogetthenutritiontheyneededfromfreshvegetables,”Laurensaid.This____26____hertostartagardenonherparents’farm.Whilehermomwassupportive,shemadeher____27____ofhowmuchworkitwouldtake-still,theteenager____28____thechallenge.Tokick-startherproject,Laurengoteconomic____29____fromtheNationalFFAOrganization,which____30____agriculturaleducation,topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies.Then,the____31____workbegan.SincethesummersinIowaareveryhotanddry,shehadtowaterthemdaily.Laurenadded,“Ididalotofresearchonlineandeveryday,ittookabouttwoorthreehours.”Butallherefforts____32____.Herfirstharvestresultedin40poundsofproduce.“Itwasreallygoodtoknowthatanyonewhowantedfreshvegetableswouldbeabletogetthe____33____,”Laurensaid,“IknewthatIwantedtokeepgoing.”Sofar,shehasspentover1,000hoursworkinginthegarden,producing7,000poundsofvegetables.“Iwantto____34____communitymembers.Itmakesa(n)____35____whenyouhelpotherpeopleout.That’swhatmakesmehappiest,”Laurensaid.21.A.invitation B.access C.admission D.ticket22.A.especially B.actually C.obviously D.extremely23.A.confirmed B.appreciated C.recognized D.identified24.A.Arranging B.Determining C.Struggling D.Pretending25.A.musical B.familiar C.unique D.low-income26.A.recommended B.reminded C.inspired D.requested27.A.aware B.confident C.certain D.free28.A.tookup B.lookedinto C.appliedfor D.wentover29.A.guidance B.support C.pressure D.benefit30.A.organizes B.expects C.promotes D.demands31.A.amazing B.specific C.professional D.tough32.A.workedout B.paidoff C.brokeoff D.woreout33.A.reward B.rescue C.honour D.donation34.A.impact B.impress C.challenge D.observe35.A.discovery B.profit C.difference D.intention【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.A28.A29.B30.C31.B32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个叫LaurenSchroeder的青少年如何在社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时意识到了穷人社区缺乏新鲜食物的问题，并决心种植蔬菜来捐赠给低收入家庭。她获得了国家FFA组织的经济支持，开始在父母的农场上种菜。经过努力，她的项目取得了成功，产出了大量蔬菜，并帮助了社区成员。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。A.invitation邀请；B.access通道，机会；C.admission录用；D.ticket票。根据上文“Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.”可知每个人都值得健康饮食。以及However表示转折，可推知并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，accessto意为“有机会获得”符合语境。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。A.especially尤其；B.actually事实上；C.obviously明显地；D.extremely极其。根据上文“Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.However,unfortunately,noteveryonehas

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tofreshfoods”可知每个人都值得健康饮食，但并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是贫困地区的人民更无法得到新鲜事物，表示突出强调。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫LaurenSchroeder的青少年在一家社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时认识到了这一点。A.confirmed确认；B.appreciated欣赏；C.recognized认识；D.identified确认。根据下句“Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes,ratherthanstraightfromthefields”可知所有供给需要的家庭食用的蔬菜都是罐装或盒装的，而不是直接从地里运来的。表面Lauren在一家社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时认识到了这一点。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。A.Arranging安排；B.Determining决定；C.Struggling奋斗；D.Pretending假装。根据“Laurensetouttogrowproduce”可知Lauren开始种植农产品捐赠给低收入家庭，说明她决心做出改变。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lauren决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。A.musical音乐的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.unique独特的；D.Low-income低收入的。根据前文“However,unfortunately,noteveryonehas

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tofreshfoods,

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thoseinpoorcommunities.”可知并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。说明Lauren开始种植农产品，是为了捐赠给低收入家庭。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激发了她在父母的农场上开辟花园的灵感。A.recommended推荐；B.reminded提醒；C.inspired激励，激发；D.requested请求。根据前文“Iwantedpeopletogetthenutritiontheyneededfromfreshvegetables”可知她希望人们从新鲜蔬菜中获得所需的营养，这激发了她在父母的农场上开辟花园的灵感。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她妈妈支持她，但她让她意识到需要做多少工作。尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。A.aware意识到的；B.confident自信的；C.certain一定的；D.free自由的。根据后文“SincethesummersinIowaareveryhotanddry,shehadtowaterthemdaily.Laurenadded,‘Ididalotofresearchonlineandeveryday,ittookabouttwoorthreehours.’”可知由于爱荷华州的夏天非常炎热干燥，她不得不每天浇水，花费2、3个小时。说明她意识到了需要做多少工作，确还是接受了挑战。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然她妈妈支持她，但她让她意识到需要做多少工作。尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。A.tookup开始从事；B.lookedinto调查；C.appliedfor申请；D.wentover复习。根据“kick-startherproject”可知她想启动她的项目，说明她接受了挑战。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了启动她的项目，Lauren得到了促进农业教育的国家FFA组织的经济支持，以支付种子和园艺用品的费用。A.guidance指导；B.support支持；C.pressure压力；D.benefit好处。根据后文“topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies”可知她得到了支付种子和园艺用品的费用，这些费用来自国家FFA组织的经济支持，目的是促进农业教育。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了启动她的项目，Lauren得到了促进农业教育的国家FFA组织的经济支持，以支付种子和园艺用品的费用。A.organizes组织；B.expects期盼；C.promotes促进；D.demands要求。根据后文“topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies”可知她得到了支付种子和园艺用品的费用，这些费用来自国家FFA组织，目的是促进农业教育。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，具体工作开始了。A.amazing