江苏省常州市2020-2021学年高三下学期期期初教育学会学业水平监测英语试题 （含答案解析）

常州市教育学会学业水平监测高三英语试题注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanlivenow?A.Inthecitycenter.B.Inthesuburbs.C.Onafarm.2.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shehasabackache.B.Sheisquitetired.C.Shefeelscold.3.Whatarethespeakersdecidingon?A.Makingadeal.B.Givingeachotheragift.C.Payingforthemealseparately.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awriter.B.Aphrase.C.Acountry.5.Whydoesthewomanofferthemanarefund?A.Theylosthiscoat.B.Theywerenotabletocleanthecoat.C.Theydidn’tpreparethecoatforpick-upintime.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话成独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段村料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoestheman’sdogbarkathiscleaner?A.Becauseofthesmell.B.Becauseofthesound.C.Becauseofthemovement.7.HowoldisJetnow?A.Oneyearold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Threeyearsold.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatkindofcompaniesdoesthewomaninvestin?A.Newcompanies.B.Oilandgascompanies.C.Environmental-friendlycompanies.9.Whatrateofreturnisthewomanofferingwithintwoyears?A.5%、B.8%.C.12%.10.Whatdoesthewomanbelievemakespeoplefeelbetter?A.Makinginvestmentsthathelptheenvironment.B.Makinginvestmentsthatmakelotsofmoney.C.Makinginvestmentsthatarelessrisky.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Firefighterandresident.12.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Bymovingthefamily’sthings.B.Byremovingwaterfromthebasement.C.Bydrivingthemanawayfromthehouse.13.Whatisthebiggestdangeraccordingtotheman?A.Ruiningthefloorboards.B.Floodingtheelectricalbox.C.Damagingthevaluableitemsinthebasement.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Atthemuseum.B.Onthebridge.C.Inthecar.15.Whatwillthespeakerslistento?A.Musicalrecords.B.Booksontape.C.Radioshows.16.Whydidthewomangoalottothemuseuminhercityasakid?A.Theschooltookherthereeveryyear.B.Thatonewasfreeandconvenient.C.Herparentsworkedthere.17.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmuseumsnow?A.Theyareboring.B.Theyareprecious.C.Theyareexciting.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhendidthespeakerapplyatMcDonald’s?A.Onemonthaftergraduation.B.Twomonthsaftergraduation.C.Threemonthsaftergraduation.19.Whodidthespeakerreachouttoforhelp?A.Herboyfriend.B.Herparents.C.Herboss.20.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthersituationnow?A.Proud.B.Nervous.C.Embarrassed.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APosition:Home>BookATrip>TipsforArrivingbyAir:1.AccordingtotheEmbassyofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaintheFrenchRepublic,startingfromDecember1,2020,allChineseandforeignpassengersflyingfromFrancetoChinaarerequiredtoconductthesamplingandtestingofanucleicacidtestandanIgManti-bodytestattestinginstitutionsinFrancewithin2daysbeforeboarding.Theymustobtainthecertificatesofnegativeresultsofbothtestsissuedbytheorganizationstoapplyforthegreenhealthdeclarationcodewiththe“HS"markor“HDC"markfromthelocalEmbassyofChinainFrance.PleasevisittheofficialEmbassywebsiteathttp://www.amb-chine.fr/chn/zgzfg/zgsg/lsb/t1835249.htmforfurtherdetails.Toavoidanydelayonyourtrip,pleasebesuretokeepacloseeyeonthelocalrequirementspriortoyourflightdeparture.Thankyouforyourunderstandingandsupport!2.StartingfromNovember16,2020,ChinaEasternAirlinesandShanghaiAirlineswillsuspendtransitservicesofpassengersoriginatingfromAfrica,Argentina,andIndiapassingbyathirdcountrytoChina.3.Passengerstransitingbywayofathirdcountrypleasepayparticularattentiontothespecificvisarequirementsofthetransitingcountry.SelectAFlight1.WhatmustapassengerarrivingatShanghaifromParisafterDecember1,2020do?A.Taketwonucleicacidtests.B.VisittheofficialEmbassywebsite.C.Payattentiontothelocalrequirementsuponarriving.D.Havethegreenhealthdeclarationcodewiththe"HS"or"HDC"mark.2.WhichofthefollowingistrueofpassengersstartingfromIndiaafterNovember16,2020?A.TheyarenotallowedtoflytoShanghai.B.TheymustholdaspecificvisatoenterChina.C.TheymustfirstflytoFranceandthengoonflyingtoShanghai.D.ShanghaiAirlinewon'tflythemiftheyarenottakingadirectflight.3.WhatflightshouldJackchoosetosavemoneyifhefliestoShanghaifromParisinApril,2021?A.TheoneonSunday. B.TheoneonMonday.C.TheoneonWednesday. D.TheoneonFriday【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则疫情后航班的通知，介绍了一些要求和票价信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AccordingtotheEmbassyofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaintheFrenchRepublic,startingfromDecember1,2020,allChineseandforeignpassengersflyingfromFrancetoChinaarerequiredtoconductthesamplingandtestingofanucleicacidtestandanIgManti-bodytestattestinginstitutionsinFrancewithin2daysbeforeboarding.Theymustobtainthecertificatesofnegativeresultsofbothtestsissuedbytheorganizationstoapplyforthegreenhealthdeclarationcodewiththe“HS"markor“HDC"markfromthelocalEmbassyofChinainFrance.(根据中华人民共和国驻法兰西共和国大使馆的规定，自2020年12月1日起，所有从法国飞往中国的中外旅客需要在登机前2天内到法国的检测机构进行核酸检测和IgM抗体检测的抽样检测。他们必须取得该机构出具的两项检测阴性结果证明，才能向中国驻法国当地大使馆申请带有“HS”标志或“HDC”标志的绿色健康申报代码)”可知，2020年12月1日后从巴黎抵达上海的旅客需要绿色健康申报代码带有“HS”或“HDC”标志。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“StartingfromNovember16,2020,ChinaEasternAirlinesandShanghaiAirlineswillsuspendtransitservicesofpassengersoriginatingfromAfrica,Argentina,andIndiapassingbyathirdcountrytoChina.(从2020年11月16日起，中国东方航空公司和上海航空公司将暂停非洲、阿根廷、印度旅客经第三国过境中国的服务)”可知，对于2020年11月16日以后从印度出发的乘客，如果他们不坐直飞航班，上海航空公司不会让他们乘坐飞机。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据图表信息可知，4月18日星期天，从巴黎飞往上海的机票是11260元，是最便宜的，故如果Jack在2021年4月从巴黎飞往上海，他应该选择星期天的那一趟航班来省钱。故选A。BOnthewaytohishomethechildturnedmanytimesandbeatthedog,declaringwithchildishgesturesthatheheldhimincontempt(茂视）asanunimportantdog.thedogapologizedforbeingthisqualityofanimalandexpressedregretinfineform,buthecontinuedstealthilytofollowthechild.Whenthechildreachedhisdoor-step,thedogwasafewyardsbehind,movingslowlytowardhim.Hebecamesoanxiouswithshamewhenhoagainfacedthechildthatheforgotthedraggingrope.Hetripped(绊倒）uponitandfellforward.Thechildsatdownonthestepandthetwohadanotherinterview.Duringitthedoggreatlyexertedhimselftopleasethechild.Heperformedafewplayfuljumpswithsuchabandon(尽情地）thatthechildsuddenlysawhimtobeavaluablething.Hemadeaswift,greedycharge(猛冲）andseizedtherope.Hedraggedhiscaptive(俘虏）intoahallandupmanylongstairwaysinadarkbuilding.Thedogmadewillingefforts,buthecouldnotwalkveryskillfullyupthestairsbecausehewasverysmallandsoft,andatlastthepaceofthechildgrewsoenergeticthatthedogbecamepanic-stricken.Inhismindhewasbeingdraggedtowardsomewhereunknown.Hisayesgrewwildwiththeterrorofit.Hebegantowigglehisheadwildlyandtobracehislegs.Thechildredoubledhisefforts.Theyhadabattleonthestairs.Thechildwasvictoriousbecausehewascompletelyabsorbedinhispurpose,andbecausethedogwasverysmall.Hedraggedhisacquirementtothedoorofhishome,andfinallywithvictoryacrossthedoorway.Nofamilymemberwasin.Thechildsatdownonthefloorandmadeoverturesto(向....示好）thedog.Thesethedoginstantlyaccepted.Hesmiledwithaffectionuponhisnewfriend.Inashorttimetheywerefirmandabiding(矢志不渝的）comrades.4.Whatmighthavehappenedbeforethefirstparagraph?A.Thechildhadwantedtoownthedogforalongtime.B.Thedoghadbeensomeoneelse'spetbutlosthisway.C.Thechildhadbeenlookingforthelostdogforalongtime.D.Thedoghadbeendrivenoutofhomebythechild'sfamily.5.Whatdirectlymadetheboychangehismind?A.Thedog'sapology.B.Hisfirstinterviewwiththedog.C.Hispityonthedog.D.Thedog'spleasingperformance.6.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph4and5?A.Theboywasnaughty.B.Thedogwasfoolish.C.Theboywasadevotedfriend.D.Thedogwasafaithfulfriend.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethechangeofthedog'sfeeling?A.Frightened-relieved-anxious-happy.B.Worried-angry-scared-delighted.C.Guilty-anxious-nervous-pleased.D.Angry-regretted-scared-puzzled.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小狗走失后偶遇一个男孩，最终成功跟随小男孩回家的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Onthewaytohishomethechildturnedmanytimesandbeatthedog,declaringwithchildishgesturesthatheheldhimincontempt(茂视）asanunimportantdog.thedogapologizedforbeingthisqualityofanimalandexpressedregretinfineform,buthecontinuedstealthilytofollowthechild.(在回家的路上，孩子多次转过身来打那条狗，用孩子气的手势宣称他蔑视那条狗，认为它是一条不重要的狗。狗为自己是这样的动物而道歉，并以良好的形式表示遗憾，但它继续偷偷地跟着孩子。)”可知，孩子试图摆脱狗，而且他们在此之前并不认识，可见他们是无意间遇到的。从而推断，这条狗曾是别人的宠物，但迷路了。小狗是丢失后才遇到男孩的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Heperformedafewplayfuljumpswithsuchabandon(尽情地）thatthechildsuddenlysawhimtobeavaluablething.(它尽情地跳了几下，孩子突然觉得它很有价值。)”可知，小狗努力的取悦男孩，使得男孩改变了主意。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。文章四五两段在描述男孩拖拉小狗上楼梯的过程，看得出小男孩精力充沛，一直不懈的努力着，尽管当时小狗是有点害怕的，但小男孩没有停止自己的行为，可见这个男孩子有点调皮。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。狗的心情和它的遭遇是一致的，第一段狗尽管被嫌弃但还是跟着，心情是有点罪恶感的，从apologized可以看出；第二段出现了anxiousandshamed，可见狗的心情是紧张羞愧；第三段狗取悦小孩；四五段就是狗被带上楼梯的过程，从panic-stricken可以看出，狗因为未知的地方感到害怕；最后一段狗和小孩已经交好，推断出心情愉悦。故选C。CFacialexpressionsaretheprimarywaypeopleexhibitemotionandreadthefeelingsofothers.Happiness,sadness,disgust,fearandsurprisecanbecommunicatedthroughfacialexpressionsalone.Butwhenpartofthefaceismasked,itbecomesmoredifficulttorecognizethesecues.Ifyoucannotreadsomeoneelse'semotionalstate,yourabilitytoempathizewiththemmaybecompromised.Likewise,ifyourownmaskishidingyouremotionalstate,othersmaynotbeabletoempathizewithyou.Wearingamaskcanalsomakeyoufeelmoredistractedandself-conscious,furtherweakeningyourconnectiontoothers.Fortunately,youcanregainsomecontrolovercommunicationbyworkingwithwhatyouhaveleft-theeyes.Ifyouwanttoincreaseunderstandingwithamaskedindividual,youshouldlookthemintheeyes,whichmaybeeasiersaidthandone.Eyecontactgeneratesself-consciousness,consumesextrabrainpowerandbecomesuncomfortableafteronlythreeseconds.Butbearinmind,eyecontactcanalsomakeyouappearmoreintelligentandtrustworthy.Youmightbesurprisedhowmuchinformationisconveyedbythebodyitself.Forinstance,whensomeoneishappy,theystandupstraighter,whentheyaresad,theydroptheirhead;andwhentheyareangry,theirwholebodytensesup.Learninghowpeopleusetheirbodiestoconveyemotionmayhelpreducetheuncertaintyyoufeelwhencommunicatingwithsomeoneinamask.Becomeawareofyourownbodylanguage,too.Whenengagedinaconversation,youcanappearmoreattentivebyturningyourbodytowardtheindividual,leaninginornodding.Toletanotherpersonknowyouwanttostartspeaking,straightenyourposture,ornodmorefrequently.Finally,he«warethatimitatingthepostureofanotherpersoncanincreasehowmuchtheylikeyouandevenagreewithyou.Byallmeans,continuethepropermeasurestokeepyourselfsafe,butdon'tneglectyourrelationshipsasaconsequence.Socialdistancedoesn'thavetomeansociallydistant.8.Whatwillhappenifyouwearamask?A.Yourfearwon'tbeknownbyothers. B.Otherswillhavedifficultyunderstandingyou.C.Youwilllosetheabilitytoempathizewithothers. D.Otherswon'tfocusonyourface.9.Whyiseyecontactdifficult?A.Itmayleadtomisunderstanding. B.Itrequiresmorebrainpower.C.Itmaycausepeopletobelieveyouless. D.Itwillresultinsocialdistance.10.Whatdoesparagraph4and5mainlytalkabout?A.Bodylanguageisadouble-edgedsword. B.Bodylanguagecanconveyshockinginformation.C.Weshouldmakegooduseofbodylanguage. D.Becarefulwithyourbodylanguagewhentalking.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Howdopeopleusetheirbodiestoconveyemotion?B.Facialexpressions,theprimarywayofhumanconnection.C.Facialexpressions,eyecontact,bodylanguage,whichisthebest?D.Howdowekeepsociallydistanttokeepourselvessafe?【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部表情在人们沟通中的重要作用，以及除了面部表情之外，人们还应该利用眼神交流和肢体语言的方式去沟通。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ifyoucannotreadsomeoneelse'semotionalstate,yourabilitytoempathizewiththemmaybecompromised.Likewise,ifyourownmaskishidingyouremotionalstate,othersmaynotbeabletoempathizewithyou.(如果你不能读懂别人的情绪状态，你同情他们的能力可能会受到影响。同样地，如果你自己的口罩隐藏了你的情绪状态，其他人可能无法与你共情)”可知，如果你戴上口罩，其他人很难理解你。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Eyecontactgeneratesself-consciousness,consumesextrabrainpowerandbecomesuncomfortableafteronlythreeseconds.(目光接触会使人产生自我意识，消耗额外的脑力，3秒钟后就会感到不舒服)”可知，眼神交流很困难，是因为它需要更多的脑力。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段段首句“Youmightbesurprisedhowmuchinformationisconveyedbythebodyitself.(你可能会惊讶于身体本身传递了多少信息)”以及第五段“Becomeawareofyourownbodylanguage,too.(也要注意自己的肢体语言)”可知，第四段为了证明肢体语言的传递能力举了很多具体的例子，第五段是让读者注重自身运用肢体语言。由此可知，第四段和第五段主要讲了我们应该充分利用身体语言。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Facialexpressionsaretheprimarywaypeopleexhibitemotionandreadthefeelingsofothers.Happiness,sadness,disgust,fearandsurprisecanbecommunicatedthroughfacialexpressionsalone.Butwhenpartofthefaceismasked,itbecomesmoredifficulttorecognizethesecues.(面部表情是人们表达情感和解读他人感受的主要方式。快乐、悲伤、厌恶、恐惧和惊讶都可以仅通过面部表情来传达。但当部分面部被遮住时，识别这些线索就变得更加困难)”结合文章主要介绍了面部表情在人们沟通中的重要作用，以及除了面部表情之外，人们还应该利用眼神交流和肢体语言的方式去沟通。故A选项“人们如何使用他们的身体来传达情感？”最符合文章标题。故选A。DIoftenfindpeacefulnessinasoaringstonechurch,acoolopenplacetositandcontemplate.Thegianttrunk-likepillars(柱子)andthegentleplayofthelightcastthroughachurch'sstainedglasswindowscreateashadedgardenofstoneandmulticoloredlight.Glassitselfisoneofthefruitsoftheartoffire.Itisafusion(熔接)oftheEarth'srocksmeltedathightemperatures.Glass'sliquid-likestructureisoneofthemainreasonsitistransparent(透明的).However,"transparent"doesnotnecessarilymeanthatalllightcanpassthroughit.Someobsidian(黑曜石)glassesaresodarklycoloredthattheyareeffectivelyblackandopaque(不透光的).Thisisbecauseelectronsofsomeelementsintheobsidianarearrangedinsuchawaythattheirenergyisthesameastheenergyofvisiblelight.Thisabilityofcertainelementstoabsorblightandgivecolorisusedtogreateffectinstainedglasswindows.Forexample,addingcobaltoxide(氧化钴)totheglassduringmeltingwillmakeitbluebecausecobaltabsorbswavelengthsattheredendofthespectrum(光谱)butdoesnotabsorbblue.Thesecolorswerediscoveredbytheancientsthroughtrialanderror,addingdifferentmineralstothemeltingpotandmeltingfordifferentperiodsoftime,eventhoughtheyhadnoideawhatcausedthem.Theterm"stainedglass"telescopes(精简)threedifferentprocesses:coloring,stainingandpainting,eachonecomplexandrequiringtheapplicationofmanyskills.Inthemid-16thcentury,however,differentcoloredenamels(珐琅)begantobeused.Ithasbeensaidthattheappearanceofenamelingwasthedeathofthegreatstainedglasswindowartists.Iamnotsureifthisistrue,butIdoknowthatstandinginfrontofagreatstainedglasswindowisamagicalexperience.Nexttimeyouareinasoaringcathedral,takeamomenttoadmirethewindows.12.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Toshowtheactualwaytomakestainedglass.B.Toexpresshisappreciationofstainedglass.C.Totalkaboutthefunctionofstainedglass.D.Toreviewthehistoryofstainedglass.13.Whatdoes“theirenergy”underlinedinparagraph2referto?A.Theenergyofhightemperatures.B.Theenergyofobsidianglasses.C.Theenergyofsomeelectrons.D.Theenergyofallelements.14.Howisstainedglassmade?A.BymeltingsomeoftheEarth'srockswithsunenergy.B.Bypaintingsomecolorsonrocksbeforemeltingthem.C.Byabsorbingfireandsunlighttomakevariedcolors.D.Byaddingsomemineralstoglasswhenitismelted.15.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Stainedglasswasinventedinthemid-16thcentury.B.Makingenamelswasmorecomplexthanmakingstainedglass.C.Thenumberofstainedglassartistsmayhavedeclinedsincethe1550s.D.Theauthoradmiringlywelcomesthechangecausedbycoloredenamels.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章是关于彩色玻璃的介绍，也表达了作者对这种彩色玻璃的喜爱。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ioftenfindpeacefulnessinasoaringstonechurch,acoolopenplacetositandcontemplate.Thegianttrunk-likepillars(柱子)andthegentleplayofthelightcastthroughachurch'sstainedglasswindowscreateashadedgardenofstoneandmulticoloredlight.(我常在高耸的石头教堂里找到平静，一个很酷的可以坐下来沉思的地方。巨大的柱子和透过教堂彩色玻璃的温和的光线形成了一座石柱影子与五彩斑斓光线之园)”及文章最后一句“Nexttimeyouareinasoaringcathedral,takeamomenttoadmirethewindows.(下次你在高耸入云的大教堂时，花点时间欣赏一下窗户)”可知，作者使用了大量景物和感官的描写，目的是表达对教堂里的彩色玻璃的喜爱。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Someobsidian(黑曜石)glassesaresodarklycoloredthattheyareeffectivelyblackandopaque(不透光的).Thisisbecauseelectronsofsomeelementsintheobsidianarearrangedinsuchawaythattheirenergyisthesameastheenergyofvisiblelight.(一些黑曜石玻璃的颜色非常深，以至于它们实际上是黑色和不透明的。这是因为黑曜石里的某些元素的电子以某方式排列，以致于theirenergy与可见光一样)”可推知，黑曜石里的某些元素的电子以某方式排列，使得具备的能量和可见光一样，所以才能阻断可见光。由此推知，theirenergy指的是“黑曜石里的某些元素的电子的能量”。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thesecolorswerediscoveredbytheancientsthroughtrialanderror,addingdifferentmineralstothemeltingpotandmeltingfordifferentperiodsoftime,eventhoughtheyhadnoideawhatcausedthem.(这些颜色是古人通过反复试验发现的，他们在熔炉中加入了不同的矿物质，并在不同的时间里融化，尽管他们不知道是什么导致了它们)”可知，彩色玻璃是在玻璃熔化时加入一些矿物质制成的。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Inthemid-16thcentury,however,differentcoloredenamels(珐琅)begantobeused.Ithasbeensaidthattheappearanceofenamelingwasthedeathofthegreatstainedglasswindowartists.(在16世纪中叶，然而，不同颜色的珐琅开始被使用了。据说珐琅的出现也就是伟大彩色玻璃窗户艺术家的死亡)”可知，C项“Thenumberofstainedglassartistsmayhavedeclinedsincethe1550s.(自从1550年起彩色玻璃艺术家的数量开始下降)”符合原文语意。故选C。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。Youmayhavegrownuplivingwithlotsofsiblings,orthismaybeyourfirsttimesharingyourlivingspacewithsomeoneelse.___16___Followthesetipstomakesureyouandyourroommatekeepthingspleasantandsupportivethroughouttheyear(orevenyears!).Addressproblemswhenthey'relittleIsyourroommatealwaysforgettingherstufffortheshower,andtakingyours?Areyourclothesbeingborrowedfasterthanyoucanwashthem?Addressingthingsthatbugyouwhilethey'restilllittlecanhelpyourroommatebeawareofsomethingshemaynototherwiseknow.Andaddressinglittlethingsismucheasierthanaddressingthemafterthey'vebecomebig.Respectyourroommate'sstuffThismayseemsimple,butit'sprobablyoneofthebiggestreasonswhyroommatesexperienceconflict.Don'tthinkhe'llmindifyouborrowhiscleatsforaquicksoccergame?Forallyouknow,youjuststeppedoveralinethatisnotcrossable.___17___Bemindfulofwhoyoubringintoyourroom-andhowoftenYoumaylovehavingyourstudygroupintoyourroom.___18___Bemindfulofhowoftenyoubringpeopleover.Ifyourroommatestudiesbestinthequiet,andyoustudybestinagroup,canyoualternatewhohitsthelibraryandwhogetstheroom?Befriendly,withoutexpectingtobebestfriendsDon'tgointoyourroommaterelationshipthinkingthatyouaregoingtobebestfriendsforthetimeyou'reatschool.___19___.Youshouldbefriendlywithyourroommatebutalsomakesureyouhaveyourownsocialcircles.___20___Treatyourroommatelikeyou'dliketobetreated.Dealwithproblemsproperly.Nomatterwhatyourrelationshipisattheendoftheyear,youcantakecomfortknowingyouactedlikeanadultandtreatedyourroommatewithrespect.A.Ifnothingelse,followthegoldenruleB.Don'tborrow,use,ortakeanythingwithoutgettingpermissionfirstC.ButyourroommatemaynotD.Whilehavingaroommateinevitablyhasitschallenges,itcanalsobeagreatpartofyourlifeexperienceE.However,yourroommatemayalsothinksoF.Addressproblemswhenthey'rebig,tooG.Itmayhappen,butexpectingitsetsbothofyouupfortrouble【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.G20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了如何能和舍友和谐相处，给出了五条建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Youmayhavegrownuplivingwithlotsofsiblings,orthismaybeyourfirsttimesharingyourlivingspacewithsomeoneelse.(你可能和很多兄弟姐妹一起长大，或者这可能是你第一次和别人分享你的生活空间)”以及后文“Followthesetipstomakesureyouandyourroommatekeepthingspleasantandsupportivethroughouttheyear(orevenyears!).(遵循下面的建议，可以确保你和你的室友一整年，甚至好几年都相处得愉快、相互支持)”可知，上文提到要和别人一起共用空间，后一句再给出和舍友和谐相处的建议，可知本句旨在说明和他人公用空间有挑战性，后文则是对此提出建议，故D选项“虽然拥有舍友不可避免地具有挑战性，但是也可能是你人生经历中的一个好部分”最符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Thismayseemsimple,butit'sprobablyoneofthebiggestreasonswhyroommatesexperienceconflict.Don'tthinkhe'llmindifyouborrowhiscleatsforaquicksoccergame.Forallyouknow,youjuststeppedoveralinethatisnotcrossable.(这似乎很简单，但这可能是室友之间产生冲突的最大原因之一。不要以为想他不会介意你借他的球鞋去踢一场足球赛吧。你怎么知道你刚刚不是越过了一条不可逾越的界限)”可知，上文提到要尊重舍友的物品，不要认为别人不介意你借他的东西可知，故B选项“未经允许，不要借用、使用或拿走任何东西”最符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Youmaylovehavingyourstudygroupintoyourroom.(你可能喜欢让你的学习小组进入你的房间)”以及后文“Bemindfulofhowoftenyoubringpeopleover.(注意你带客人过来的频率)”可知，上文提到你可能喜欢让你的学习小组来你宿舍，而后文则说要注意你带人来宿舍的次数，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出舍友可能不喜欢你经常带人进宿舍，故C选项“但可能你的舍友不（喜欢你带人来宿舍）”最符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据小标题“Befriendly,withoutexpectingtobebestfriends(要友好，不要期望成为最好的朋友)”以及后文“Youshouldbefriendlywithyourroommatebutalsomakesureyouhaveyourownsocialcircles.(你应该和你的室友友好相处，但也要确保你有自己的社交圈)”可知，小标题表示不要期待成为最好的朋友，空格前后也在强调这件事可知，此处选G最符合段落中心思想，it指代expectingtobebestfriends，故G选项“可能你们会成为最好的朋友，但是这样的期望会给你们俩带来麻烦”最符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据本段内容“Treatyourroommatelikeyou'dliketobetreated.Dealwithproblemsproperly.Nomatterwhatyourrelationshipisattheendoftheyear,youcantakecomfortknowingyouactedlikeanadultandtreatedyourroommatewithrespect.(像你希望别人对待你那样对待你室友。妥善处理问题。不管年末你们的关系如何，你都可以放心，你表现得像个成年人，对室友很尊重)”可知，本段的中心思想是换位思考，尊重他人，符合A选项中的goldenrule。故A选项“如果别无其他，就遵守黄金法则”最符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TherewasatimewhenIwascertainIcouldneverdeeplyloveananimal.Iknowthisis___21___toadmit.InBritain,anindifference(冷漠)topetsisconsideredafaultonone'scharacter.Mywifewasalso___22___surethatshecouldneverdeeplylovemeifIcouldnotloveanimals.Andatthebeginningofthisyear,the___23___increased.Wewereto___24___acatfromafriendwhohadfallenforawomanwhoisallergic(过敏的)tothem.I___25___—butcoldlyenough,Ifelt,tomakeclearthatIwouldnotbe___26___forthecreature'supkeep.Iwould___27___thecostofcatfood,ofcourse,butlikeastrictVictorianfatherIwouldavoid___28___entanglement(瓜葛)．However,Hopper-well,IhardlyneedtellyouthatHopper___29___fromothercats.Eightyearsoldbutslimasakitten.Green-eyedandwhite-socked.Entirelyindependentbutinneedofhuman_____30_____,too,whenthemoodtakesher.LikeIsaid—unique.Theselastfourmonthshave_____31_____metospendanunexpectedamountoftimewithHopper.Inmymakeshiftoffice,shesleepsbesideme,meowsatmyfeet,orleapsontomyback.Throughthewindow,IwatchHopperstalk(踱方步)throughthelonggrass,_____32_____meofawilderworldoutside.EverymorningI_____33_____her;everyeveningweplaywithafeatherstucktoastick.Itisour_____34_____-theonlypartofmytimetablethathasnotbeen_____35_____bythecoronavirus(冠状病毒).Withoutthelockdown,wouldIhaverealizedtheeverydayhappinessacatcanbring?21.A.worthwhile B.shameful C.considerate D.practical22.A.fairly B.rarely C.luckily D.normally23.A.pleasure B.risk C.doubt D.regret24.A.lookinto B.searchfor C.complainof D.takeon25.A.agreed B.denied C.explained D.hesitated26.A.late B.thankful C.famous D.responsible27.A.share B.save C.reduce D.divide28.A.spiritual B.emotional C.mental D.physical29.A.learns B.suffers C.differs D.comes30.A.company B.nature C.power D.trust31.A.promised B.forbidden C.prepared D.allowed32.A.reminding B.warning C.breaking D.informing33.A.leave B.shake C.feed D.miss34.A.burden B.routine C.mistake D.fortune35A.spoiled B.inspired C.shocked D.managed【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者本来很不喜欢动物，但疫情期间和宠物共度了很久，反而觉得很幸福的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道承认这一点很丢脸。在英国，对宠物漠不关心被认为是一个人性格上缺点。A.worthwhile值得的；B.shameful可耻的，不体面的；C.considerate体贴的；D.practical实际的。根据后面说对宠物冷漠被认为是性格缺陷可知，此处是很难以启齿、羞愧，因此是shameful。故选B。22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的妻子也相当肯定，如果我不能爱动物，她就永远不会深深地爱我。A.fairly相当地；B.rarely很少地；C.luckily幸运地；D.normally正常地。根据前面说了英国人认为对宠物冷漠是性格缺陷可知，此处是我的妻子完全肯定地表示如果我不爱动物，她也永远不会深爱我。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在今年年初，风险增加了。A.pleasure快乐；B.risk冒险；C.doubt怀疑；D.regret后悔，遗憾。根据语境可知，我不喜欢猫，但我的妻子喜欢并且表示如果我不能喜欢动物就不会深爱我的情境，此处是我们要接纳一只猫，所以风险变大了。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们要收养一只朋友养的猫，她爱上了一个对猫过敏的女人。A.lookinto调查；B.searchfor寻找；C.complainof抱怨；D.takeon呈现，承担，接纳。根据后面说是朋友的猫，朋友喜欢的女人对猫过敏可知，应该是他们要接纳了一只猫。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同意了——但我觉得我足够冷淡地表明，我不负责养这个动物。A.agreed同意；B.denied拒绝；C.explained解释；D.hesitated犹豫。根据后面的转折可知，应该是我同意了，但是是非常冷漠地同意。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我同意了——但我觉得我足够冷淡地表明，我不负责养这个动物。A.late迟的；B.thankful感谢的；C.famous著名的；D.responsible负责人的。根据前面说我不喜欢猫，很冷漠可知，此处应该是我表明我不会负责喂养猫咪。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我会分担猫粮的费用，但就像一个严格的维多利亚时代的父亲。A.share分享；B.save挽救；C.reduce减少；D.divide分开。根据后面说但我会避免感情瓜葛可知，此处应该是“虽然我也会一起承担猫粮的费用”，毕竟作者和妻子是夫妻关系，哪怕不喜欢应该也还是要共同承担费用的。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会避免感情纠葛。A.spiritual心灵的；B.emotional情绪的；C.mental精神的；D.physical身体的。根据前面我的冷漠可知，此处是我不想和猫咪有情感纠葛。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，霍普——嗯，不用我多说你也知道霍普和其他猫是不同的。A.learns学习；B.suffers遭受；C.differs不同；D.comes来。根据空格后面的描述，以及最后一个词unique可知，此处是differfrom表示“与……不同”。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她完全独立，但心情不好时也需要人陪伴。A.company陪伴，公司；B.nature自然；C.power力量，能力；D.trust信任。根据前面说虽然很独立可知，此处是但是在有情绪时也需要人的陪伴。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去的四个月里，我和霍珀相处的时间出乎意料。A.promised许诺；B.forbidden禁止；C.prepared准备；D.allowed允许。根据后面的Inmymakeshiftoffice,shesleepsbesideme,meows