高级英语Lesson5修辞The Libido for the Ugly

1、Presented by ZENG YAO 2012/11/30,The author paint a verbal picture of the industrial town by bombastic(言过其实的) and acid tongue.,Two devices employed to depict the derogatory imagery (贬损性的意象) :,Theme: The innate love of ugliness in US is a pathological(病态的) problem.,dreadful, hideous, bleak, appalling

2、, forlorn, revolting, macabre, monstrousness, leprous, misshapen, dingy, loathsome, obscene, putrid, ghastly, leprous, uremic, eczematous,Rhetorical Devices,Speech Contents,The author makes full use of figures of speech to create nauseating(恶心的) and dreadful images to reinforce his verbal attack.,So

3、me other Rhetorical Devices mentioned in the article:,Speech Contents,Rhetorical question,Synecdoche 提喻,(Para 1) “the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth”,(Para 1) “Here was wealth .disgraced a race of ally cats.（流浪猫）”,(Para 2) “The unbroken and agonizing ugliness,

4、the sheer（全然的） revolting monstrousness of every house in sight.”,(Para 4) “they have the most loathsome（令人厌恶的） towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye.”,(Para 5) “It is as if some titanic and aberrant（异变的）genius, uncompromisingly Inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity（精巧） of Hell to the m

5、aking of them.”,A momentous building in Milan, Italy,Delayed and uncompleted projects.,Hyperbole in L5,superlative,仿佛某个离经叛道的大天才硬要与人类作对，倾尽地狱里所有的聪明才智造出这些丑陋的房屋。,What are the characteristics of Hyperbole？,Hyperbole in L5:,They amplify both prosperity and ugliness of Westmoreland, which provoke the curio

6、sity and imagination of readers.,A deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis.,Definition of Hyperbole :,Irony,To hurt with malicious remark,To make unkindly fun of,To express different meanings opposite from literal meanings,Sarcasm in L5,(Para 3) “Obviously, if there were

7、architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillside” (Para 5) “I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.” (Para 5) “They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design.” (Para6) “But

8、 in the American village and small town the pull is always toward ugliness and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion.” (Para6) “It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.” (Para8）“They like it as it is:

9、 beside it, the Parthenon（巴台农神庙） would no doubt offend them.”,They just hate beauty, as they like ugliness,Even architects there have an pathological appetite for ugliness.,Ridicule in L5,(Para 2) “a steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line.” (Para 4) “When it has taken on

10、the patina（铜绿色） of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.” (Para 8) “they made it perfect in their own sight by on top of it. ”,The author unkindly laughs at the odd color of houses.,Irony in L5,(Para 5) “I award this championship only after laborious research and incessan

11、t prayer.” (Para 5) “It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.” (Para6) “It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.”,The buildings in Westmoreland is the mos

12、t terrible.,Sarcasm, Irony and Ridicule,Nuances of triplets (细微差别) caricature,It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis.,Antithetical contrast:,Contrast,Balance,High light,Antithetical contrast in L5,(Para 1) “Here was the very he

13、art of industrial America and here was a scene so dreadfulreduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre（恐怖的）and depressing joke.”,(Para 1) “Here was wealth beyond computation,.here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of ally cats.”,Metaphor VS Simile,Simile:

14、 1. The tenor and vehicle(本体和喻体) are exposed. 2. Indicator of resemblances （比喻词） are indispensable,Metaphor: The comparison is implied.,Its eyes look like two light bulb.,This little cat is a poet with melancholy（忧郁的） eyes.,Definition Simile：makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at l

15、east one quality or characteristic in common by using an indicator of resemblance.(比喻词) Metaphor: also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but this comparison is implied rather than stated.,Simile in L5,(Para 2) “one blinked before them as one blinks before a man with his face shot away”

16、 (Para 2) “set like a dormer-window（天窗）on the side of a bare leprous hill” (Para 2) “a steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line.” (Para 3) “By the hundreds like gravestones in some gigantic（巨大的） and decaying cemetery.（腐烂的墓地) (Para 2) “a steel stadium like a huge rat-trap”,M

17、etaphor in L5,(Para 1) “Here was the very heart of industrial America” (Para 3) “they bury themselves swinishly in the mud” (Para 4) “When it has taken on the patina（铜绿色）of the mills（工厂） it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.” (Para 8) “The effect is that of a fat woman with a black

18、 eye.” (Para 8)“It is that of a Presbyterian（长老会教徒）grinning.”,像猪猡一样把自己埋在烂泥里,当它被工厂排出来的煤烟覆盖时，它呈现出臭鸡蛋的铜绿色,Rhetorical Devices,Inversion in L5,(Para. 3) “This they have converted into a thing. Low-pitched roof.” (Para. 5) “But nowhere on this earth, at home or abroad, have I seen anything to compare to t

19、he village ”,Parallelism It means giving two or more parts of the sentences a similar form so as to give the whole a definite pattern.,Parallelism in L5: (Para. 1) “the very heart, the center, the boast” (Para. 1) “I have seen. I have seen. I am familiar with.I have whirled” (Para. 2) “There was not

20、 one that, and there was not one that was not shabby.” (Para. 5) “They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design.”,Rhetorical Repetition:employs repetitive words or sentences in the same pattern or meaning to enhance tongue or emotion.,Rhetorical Repetition in L5: (Para. 2) “The

21、re was not one that, and there was not one that was not shabby.” (Para. 5) “They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design.”,Synecdoche 提喻：It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part.,Synecdoche in L5: (Para. 3) “Coal and steel town” (Para. 3) “Bo