图表作文写作 指南

-精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 1 图表作文写作指南 图表作文写作指南 表格可以使大量数据系统化，便 于阅读、比较。表格常由标题、表头、 侧目和主体部分等部分组成。 图作文 图作文又可分为三种：圆形图作 文、曲线图作文和条状图作文。 圆形图作文 圆形图也称为饼状图或圆面分割 图。圆形图因为比较形象和直观，各部 分空间大小差别容易分辨，所以常用来 表示总量和各分量之间的百分比关系。 整个圆表示总量，楔形块表示分量。有 时圆形图还有数值表，两者结合可把各 分量表示得更准确、清楚。例如：This -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 2 is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be see from the chart， the main expenditure of an average British family is spent on food， which accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transport and housing， which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear， which makes up 10%， the four essentials of life， that is， food， transport， housing， and clothing and footwear， amount to 62% of the total expenditure. 曲线图作文 曲线图也称为线性图或坐标图。 曲线图最适合表示两个变量之间关系的 发展过程和趋势。一般来说，曲线所呈 现的形状比某一点所代表的变量的值更 有意义。曲线图有横轴和纵轴。一般先 看横轴所代表的数量或时间等，然后再 看纵轴所显示的意义。同时必须找出线 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 3 条所反映的最高或最低的变化。例如： 这个曲线图的横轴代表 1990 年 的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数 量。从交通事故曲线图上可知，前八个 月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图 在八月份升到了最高点，此后一直呈下 降的趋势，十二月份降到了最低点。可 见，1990 年的交通事故的数量总体上呈 下降的趋势。 条形图作文 条形图也称为立柱图或圆柱图。 条形图由宽度相同但长度不同的条块代 表不同的量。当要比较几个项目或量时， 常用不同颜色来区分。条形图主要用来 表示：1）同一项目在不同时间的量； 2）同一时间不同项目的量。阅读条形 图时，要先看图例，再看横轴、纵横各 代表什么量，每一个刻度所代表的值是 多少，最后找出图中各长条所表示的数 据及各长条间的相互关系。例如： 左边的条形图的横轴代表时间， 纵轴代表期望寿命，这一条形图想要体 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 4 现的是同一项目在不同时间的量。右边 的条形图的横轴也是代表时间，纵轴是 代表婴儿的死亡率，这一条形图想要体 现的也是同一项目在不同时间的量。左 边的条形图表明 1990 年的人均期望寿 命比 1960 年的人均期望寿命长 20 岁， 而 1990 年的婴儿死亡率比 1960 年的婴 儿死亡率下降了 50%。 图表作文的篇章结构 写图表作文时，常采用三段式的 谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表 中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概 述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成 这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望 未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建 议。这一结构可以简单地表述为： 第一段：概述图表反映的主题思 想 第二段：分析产生的原因 第三段：展望未来或提出方法或 建议 图表作文常用的句型 -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 5 常用的开篇句型 According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that 根据该表 /图，我们 可知 The table/graph reveals that 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown in the pie chart 如表/图所示， 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 6 In the number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight rise/increase in 1990. There was a very steady drop in 1998/ compared with that of last year). As is shown in the graph 如图 所示 The graph shows that 图表显 示 As can be seen from the table, 从表格中可以看出 From the chart, we know that 从 这张表中,我们可知 All these data clearly prove the fact that 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实, 即 The increase of . in the city has reached to 20%. -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 7 这个城市的.增长已达到 20%. In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985 年,这个数字保持不变. There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989 年,出现了逐渐下降的情况. 1.有用的词 上升：increase 、rise、 ascend 、core、 surge 、go up 、climb 、mount、 level up 下降: decrease、 fall 、drop、 descend、 decline 、reduce 、lessen 、 level down 平稳:stable 、steady、 remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to 波动:fluctuate、 fluctuation、 rise and falls、 up and down 占:occupy 、 take up、 account for、 gain 而:while、 however、r whereas、 on the other hand、 actually/in fact -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 8 相比:by contract、 on the contrary、 likewise、 compared with 最高点:the highest 、the top、 the summit 、the peak、 the most 最低点:bottom 、less 、least 、rock bottom 平均:mean 、 average 趋势:tendency 、trend 、 inclination 预见:prediction 达到顶峰: mount to 在*中占*:*gain the percentage of 有一个稳定的过程:a stable period can be seen 1.表示原因 1)There are three reasons for this. 2)The reasons for this are as follows. 3)The reason for this is obvious. 4)The reason for this is not far to seek. -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 9 5)The reason for this is that. 6)We have good reason to believe that. 例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least， more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. 2.表示好处 1)It has the following advantages. 2)It does us a lot of good. 3)It benefits us quite a lot. 4)It is beneficial to us. 5)It is of great benefit to us. 例如： Books are like friends.They ca n help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 10 horizons.Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 3.表示坏处 1)It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2)It does us much harm. 3)It is harmful to us. 例如： However，everything dividesinto two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion. 4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、 可能 1)It is importantfor sb.to do sth. 2)We think it necessary to do sth. 3)It plays an important role in our life. 例如： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 11 government，in schools or in business.Soon， computers will be found in every home，too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 范文 1How People Spent Their Holidays Year 1990 1995 2000 Traveling 37% 51% 76% Staying at home 63% 49% 24% 1. 上图所示为 1990、1995、2000 年某城市人们度假方 式的情况，请描述其变化： 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因。 3. 得出结论。 How People Spent Their Holidays As can be seen from the table, the past decade have witnessed dramatic changes in the way people spent their holiday between 1990 and 2000.In 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 12 home, while the figure dropped considerably to 24% in 2000. It is obvious from the table that people tended to be more and more mobile, and they wanted to get entertainment in the outside world. What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, with the rapid development of economy, people earn by far more money than they used to. Thus, people are able to afford traveling expenses. Secondly, people think it important to get well-informed about the outside world in this new era when everything is on the move. Traveling, of course, is a sure way to achieve this goal. Whats more, in this competitive society, people are usually under great stress. However, it is not difficult to find traveling an effective way to relieve peoples stress and get relaxation. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 13 only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind. In conclusion, people prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home during holidays for a combination of reasons. Moreover, it seems that this trend will last in the foreseeable future. 范文 2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on Changes in Peoples Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to: 1. State the changes in peoples dietin the past five years 2. Give possible reasons for the changes 3. Draw your own conclusion -精选财经经济类资料- -最新财经经济资料-感谢阅读- 14 You should quote as few figures as possible. Kinds1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Grain 49%47%46.5% 45% 45% Milk10%11%11%12% 13% Meat17%20%22.5% 23% 21% Fruit and Vegetable 24%22%20%20%21% Total100% 100%100% 100% 100% 范文 Changes in Peoples Diet As can be seen in the table, there have been great changes in peoples diet in the past five years. Grain used to be the Chinese main food, but now it is playing