联邦快递SWOT分析 毕业论文外文翻译2篇.doc

英文文献资料（一）fedex corporation swot analysisfedex offers overnight courier services, freight services, logistics solutions, and business support services. it operates the worlds largest express transportation company. fedex has a strong brand image. during 2009, the company was named the fortunes sixth best admired company all over the world. strong brand image besides driving domestic revenues, facilitates international expansion. however, the company is threatened from the growing popularity of internet, which could affect the mail volumes, resulting in lower revenues for the group.strengthsweaknessesstrong brand imagelarge scale of operationsdependence on the us market weakening financial performanceopportunitiesthreatsinternational expansionexpanding chinese marketgrowing global transportation servicesindustrye-substitutionintense competition1.strengths（1）strong brand imagefedex has a strong brand image. it is amongst the most recognized names in the globe express delivery services segment. for instance, during 2009, the company was ranked seventh in fortune magazines “worlds most admired companies” list, the eighth consecutive year the company has been ranked in the top ten on the list. in addition, fedex continued to be rank highest in customer satisfaction in the university of michigan business school national quality research centers american customer satisfaction index in the express delivery category. more recently, in march 2010, the company was named as the top 20 worlds most admired companies, according to a survey published in fortune magazine. in its annual report on corporate reputation, fortune magazine listed fedex as the 13th most admired company.the company operates its four business segments under the fedex brand name: fedex express, fedex ground, fedex freight, and fedex services. fedex promotes its brand through print and broadcast advertising, corporate sponsorships, and special events. the companys advertising and promotion expenses were $379 million in fy2009, $445 million in fy2008, and $406 million in 2007.the companys strong brand image drives its retail business.the strong brand image besides driving domestic revenues, facilitates international expansion as well.（2）large scale of operationsfedex provides transportation, e-commerce, and business services.the company operates through four business segments: fedex express, fedex ground, fedex freight, and fedex services.fedex express is one of the largest express transportation companies, engaged in packages and freight deliveries throughout the us and to more than 220 countries worldwide. fedex express has an integrated global network, comprising 57,000 drop-off locations, 654 aircraft, and 51,000 vehicles and trailers. fedex ground package systems (fedex ground) serves customers in the north american small-package market, focusing primarily on business and residential delivery of packages weighing up to 150 pounds. fedex ground conducts its operations primarily through 22,500 owner-operated vehicles and 31,500 company-owned trailers.fedex freight provides regional next-day and second-day and interregional less-than-truckload (ltl) freight services. fedex freight operates approximately 59,000 vehicles across 480 service centers. to provide fedex home delivery service, fedex ground leverages its existing pickup operation, and hub and line haul network. fedex home deliverys operations are often co-located with existing fedex ground facilities to achieve further cost efficiencies.fedex services is a provider of document solutions and business services. it offers access to technology for copying and printing, professional finishing, document creation, internet access, computer rentals, video conferencing and direct mail, web-based printing, and the full range of fedex day-definite ground shipping and time-definite global express shipping services.fedexs large scale of operations and ensuing benefits enable it to serve a broad customer base, which improves its revenue generating capacity.2.weaknesses（1）dependence on the us marketalthough fedex has expanded to other international regions, it still depends on the us market for majority of its revenue. the company generated almost 73% of its revenue from the us market during fy2009. this high dependence on the us could have a dampening effect on the companys revenues if the economy and/or the companys sales in the us do not grow as expected. furthermore, the concentration of operations in this area increases the companys exposure to country specific factors such as labor strikes, changes in economic conditions, and most importantly, increasing competition from other players in the market.weakening financial performancefedex has recorded weak financial performance in fy2009. the revenues of the company declined by 6.5% from $37,953 million in fy2008 to $35,497 million in fy2009. in addition, there has been a significant decline in revenues from its key segments in fy2009. for instance, the revenues from the fedex express segment declined by 8.4% compared to fy2008. similarly, the revenue from the fedex freight segment and fedex services segment declined by 10.5% and 7.5%, respectively, in fy2009.the profitability position of the company also declined significantly. fedex recorded an operating profit of $747 million during fy2009, a decrease of 64% compared to fy2008. the net profit was $98 million in fy2009, a decrease of 91.3% compared to fy2008. further, the operating margin of the company declined from 5.5% in fy2008 to 2.1% in fy2009; and net margin declined from 2.9% in fy2008 to 0.3% in fy2009. the companys return on assets also declined from 4.4% in fy2008 to 0.4% in fy2009.a continuation of this trend will reduce availability of resources to pursue growth plans and diminish investor confidence.3.opportunities（1）international expansionfedex has been taking initiatives to expand its international presence, especially in key markets such as china, india, and europe. during 2007, the company made several acquisitions in these markets, in order to generate long-term growth, productivity, and profitability. for instance, fedex express acquired its indian service provider, prakash air freight (pafex), for $30 million. pafex, a privately-held company, was one of the largest domestic express companies operating in india, with more than 384 offices and depots serving nearly 4,400 destinations.in addition, the company has started next-morning domestic delivery service in china, which is available in more than 40 cities and counties throughout the country.the new china domestic service is supported by a money-back guarantee and real-time package status tracking. further, fedex express has launched a dedicated direct flight between manchester in the uk and the us.the companys expansion initiatives will enable the company to expand its global reach and reduceits business risks related to the us market.（2）expanding chinese marketfedex has been increasingly focusing on the chinese market, one of the key growth markets in asia. china has continued to dominate the asian region in terms of activity and growth. according to datamonitor, the chinese air express market is expected to grow at about 34%, thrice the global average of about 11% during 2005. moreover, it is predicted that china would become the sixth largest express market in 2010. in addition, according to the american institute of aeronautics and astronautics forecast, chinas air cargo is expected grow at an average 11.2% per year until 2020.the company has significant operations in china. it operates an asia pacific hub at the guangzhou baiyun international airport in southern china to leverage the fast-growing china and asia pacific markets. further, in 2007, fedex signed a lease with hangzhou xiaoshan international airport opening its chinese transfer centre in the city, which can sort up to 9,000 packages per hour. further in 2007, the company purchased tianjin datian w. groups (dtw group) 50% share of the fedex-dtw international, a priority express joint venture; and also the dtw groups domestic express network in china for approximately $400 million in cash. moreover, the fedex transfer centre in guangzhou baiyu airport was opened in 2009. it is the companys largest facility outside the us.the company, with its increased focus, is well positioned to benefit from the growing chinese market.（3）growing global transportation services industrythe transportation services industry, primarily comprising of freight transportation by road, rail, air, and marine, witnessed stronger growth during 2004-08. this industry generated total revenues of $2,965.6 billion in 2008, representing a compound annual growth rate (cagr) of 6.3% for the period spanning 2004-08. in 2013, the industry is forecast to have a value of $3,252.1 billion, an increase of 9.7% since 2008.the transportation services industrys production volumes increased at a cagr of 5.7% 2004-08, to reach a total of 25,396.3 billion freight tone kilometers (ftk) in 2008. in 2013, the industry is forecast to have a volume of 29,279.5 billion ftk, an increase of 15.3% since 2008.fedex offers freight and logistics services. an expanding end market is likely to drive the demand for the companys services.4.threats（1）e-substitutionfedex faces its biggest ever threat from the growing popularity of internet. in recent years,electronic email has more or less replaced the postal letter as a means of communication. advances such as free email services, wireless broadband, and text messaging (sms) are adversely affecting traditional mail services, especially in urban areas. the postal mail business delivers information such as letters and bank statements as well as printed matter such as direct mail and periodicals, which can now be accessed faster through the internet (for instance, electronic banking). further, the first-class mail volumes have also been affected by the telephone, fax machine, and other electronic communications. if substitution of traditional mail by digital alternatives continues, mail volumes will decrease, resulting in lower revenues for the company.（2）intense competitionfedex competes with many companies and services on a local, regional, and international level.the transportation and business services markets are both highly competitive and sensitive to price and service, especially in periods of little or no macro-economic growth. some of the companys competitors have more financial resources which enables them to raise capital more easily. the competition has led to a very competitive pricing environment within the industry. if the pricing environment becomes irrational, it could limit fedexs ability to maintain or increase prices (including fuel surcharges in response to rising fuel costs) or to maintain or grow its market share. in addition, maintaining a broad portfolio of services is important to keeping and attracting customers. if the company competitors offer a broader range of services or more effectively bundle their services, it could impede fedexs ability to maintain or grow its market share.英文文献中文翻译（一）09012636 王明俊联邦快递swot分析来源：物流运输焦点作者：cannons kempton出版时间：2010年05月联邦快递提供的快递服务，货运服务，物流解决方案，以及业务支持服务。它经营着世界上最大的快递运输公司。联邦快递有一个强大的品牌形象。在2009年，公司被评为“财富”第六届世界各地最尊敬的公司。除了推动国内收入，强大的品牌形象，有利于国际扩张。不过，该公司的威胁是互联网的日益普及，这可能会影响邮件数量，从而降低本集团的收入。优势劣势强大的品牌形象规模化经营对美国市场的依赖 弱化财务表现机会威胁国际扩展拓展中国市场全球运输需求不断增长e-替换竞争激烈1.优势（1）强大的品牌形象联邦快递有一个强大的品牌形象。在全球快递服务分部这是其中最知名的品牌。例如，在2009年，该公司被排在第七位，在“财富”杂志的“全球最受赞赏的公司”排行榜中，连续第八年，该公司排名前十名。此外，在密歇根商学院的国家质量研究中心的美国客户对快递满意度指数中联邦快递继续拥有排名最高的客户满意度。同时该公司于2010年3月在“财富”杂志公布的一项调查，被评为世界排名前20位最受尊敬的公司。在“财富”企业声誉其年度报告，联邦快递作为第13届最受尊敬的公司。该公司经营四大业务板块下的fedex品牌名称：联邦快递，联邦快递地面，联邦快递货运，联邦快递服务。联邦快递通过印刷和广播广告，企业赞助和特别活动，促进其品牌宣传。公司的广告及宣传开支分别为2009财年3.79亿美元在，2008财年4.45亿美元，2007年4.06亿美元。强大的品牌带来了收入的巨大收益，促进了国际扩张。（2）规模化经营联邦快递提供运输，电子商务和商务服务。公司经营四大业务：联邦快递，联邦快递地面，联邦快递货运，联邦快递服务。作为联邦快递运输公司之一的联邦快递是世界上最大的快递运输公司，在美国各地和全球220多个国家从事包裹和货运交付。联邦快递有一个综合的全球网络，其中包括57,000落客地点，654架飞机，51,000车辆和拖车。联邦快递地面的包管理系统（联邦快递地面）的客户提供服务，在北美小包装市场，主要侧重于商业和住宅交付重达150磅的包装。联邦快递地面开展经营活动，主要是通过22,500业主经营的车辆和31,500公司自备拖车。联邦快递货运提供区域的第二天到达和区域间的低于零担（ltl）货运服务。联邦快递在480服务中心货运业务车辆约59,000辆。为了提供联邦快递送货上门的服务，联邦快递地面充分利用其现有的拾取操作和轮毂和长途运输网络。联邦快递送货上门的业务通常在同一地点与现有的联邦快递地面设施，以实现更多的成本效益。联邦快递服务是一个文件解决方案和业务服务的供应商。它提供复印和打印技术，专业整理，文档的创建，互联网接入，电脑租赁，视频会议和直邮，基于web的打印，和全方位的联邦快递天定的地面运输及准时的全球快递航运服务。联邦快递的大规模的业务和所带来的益处，使其能够服务于广泛的客户群，从而提高其创收能力。2.劣势（1）对美国市场的依赖尽管联邦快递已经扩大到其他国际区域，但它仍然依赖于美国市场的绝大部分收入。该公司在2009财年产生近73的收入来自美国市场的。公司的收入对美国的依赖，可以有一个缓冲作用。此外，在以下方面提高公司的风险：国家的特定因素，如罢工，经济状况的变化以及最重要的是，其他竞争者在市场上日益激烈的竞争集中操作。（2）弱化财务表现联邦快递在2009财年的财务表现疲弱。该公司的收入下降了6.5，从2008财年的37953百万美元降到2009财年的35497百万美元。此外，出现了显着下降，收入在2009财年的关键环节。例如，联邦快递分部的收入相比2008财年下降了8.4。同样在2009财年，从联邦快递货运段和联邦快递（fedex）服务业务的收入下降了10.5和7.5。公司的盈利能力也有所下降显着。联邦快递在2009财年录得经营溢利7.47亿美元，到2008财年相比减少了64。净利润为2009财年的9800万美元，相比2008财年减少了91.3。此外，该公司的经营利润率从2008财年的5.5下降至2.1，在2009财年和净利润率从2008财年的2.9下降到0.3，在2009财年。该公司的资产收益率也从2008财年的4.4下降至2009财年的0.4。这一趋势的延续会减少可用的资源，片面追求经济增长计划，并削弱了投资者的信心。3.机会（1）国际扩长联邦快递已采取措施，以扩大其在国际上，尤其是在中国，印度和欧洲等主要市场。于2007年，公司在这些市场中，提出了若干收购，以产生长期的增长，生产力和盈利能力。例如，联邦快递收购了它在印度的服务提供商，普拉卡什空运货物（pafex）的，3000万美元。 pafex，是一家私人持有的公司，是国内最大的快递公司在印度，有超过384个办事处和服务站近4400个目的地。此外，该公司已开始在中国超过40个城市和县提供次日达国内配送服务。在中国有资金回流和实时跟踪的保证。此外，联邦快递公司已经推出了一个专门在英国曼彻斯特和美国之间的直飞航班。该公司的扩张计划将使该公司扩大其全球影响力和美国市场的业务风险。联邦快递已经越来越重视在作为亚洲市场增长最快的中国市场上。中国已经持续占据亚洲经济增长的宝座。根据datamonitor的数据，在2005中国航空快递市场预计将增长约34，约全球平均水平11的的三倍。此外，预计在2010年，中国将成为全球第六大快递市场。此外，根据美国航空和航天预测研究所，中国航空货运预计增长到2020年的平均11.2的速度增长。（2）拓展中国市场公司拥有显着的在中国的业务。在中国南方的广州白云国际机场的亚太转运中心在充分利用快速增长的中国及亚太地区市场。此外，在2007年，联邦快递公司签订了租赁与杭州萧山国际机场，开设其中国的的转运中心城市，可分拣高达每小时9000包的快递。此外，在2007年，该公司购买了天津大田w.集团的（dtw组）的联邦快递，大田国际，一个优先快递合资企业50和大田集团的国内快递网络在中国约$400万美元的现金。此外，广州白云机场的联邦快递转运中心于2009年开业。这是该公司在美国以外最大的工厂。公司，其增加的重点，可以很好地受益于日益增长的中国市场。（3）全球运输需求不断增长在2004-08年的运输服务行业，主要包括公路，铁路，航空和海洋货运，见证了强劲的增长。这个行业在2008年的总收入2,965.6亿美元，期间跨越2004-2008年的复合年均增长率（cagr）为6.3。在2013年，该行业预计将有3,252.1亿美元，同比增长9.7，运输服务行业的生产量增加，在2004-08年复合增长率为5.7，累计达到25,396.3亿美元的货运音公里（ftk）在2008年。在2013年，业内人士预计有量29,279.5十亿ftk，自2008年以来增加了15.3。联邦快递提供货运及物流服务。不断扩大的高端市场驱动的需求，为公司的服务是可能的。4.威胁（1）e-替换联邦快递面临着有史以来最大的威胁来自互联网的日益普及。近年来，电子邮箱更多或更少的取代邮政信作为通信手段。如免费的电子邮件服务，无线宽带，短信（sms）的进展造成不利影响传统的邮件服务，尤其是在城市地区。邮政邮件业务信息，如字母和银行对账单，以及印刷品，如直邮和期刊，现在可以通过互联网（例如，电子银行等）可以更快地访问。此外，第一类邮件业务量也受到影响，电话，传真机，和其他电子通讯。如果继续用数字替代品取代传统的邮件，邮件数量会减少，导致该公司收入下降。（2）激烈的竞争联邦快递和很多本地、区域和国际水平竞争者同时存在。交通和商业服务市场具有高度竞争力和敏感的价格和服务，特别是在很少或没有宏观的经济增长时期的许多公司和服务竞争。该公司的竞争对手有更多的财政资源，使他们能够更容易筹集资金。行业内的竞争导致了一个非常有竞争力的价格环境。如果定价环境变得非理性的，它可能会限制，fedex的能力，以维持或提高价格（包括燃油附加费，在应对不断上涨的燃料成本），或维持或扩大其市场份额。此外，保持着广泛的服务组合，重要的是保持和吸引客户。如果该公司的竞争对手提供了更广泛的服务，更有效地将他们的服务，它可能会阻碍，fedex的能力，以维持或扩大其市场份额。英文文献资料（二）fred smith and fedex in the 1960s, a man named fred smith of yale university students whim, envisaged a college thesis on the overnight air express service. college professors has no impression of the concept, but now, the u.s. federal express corporation the students create, business in more than 200 countries throughout the world, with more than 600 aircraft, about 90,000 trucks, and in employees worldwide, more than 250,000 employees, handled an average of 5 million shipments a day, the value of the company up to $ 42 billion. fedex did many things, smith has never been done, to be successful, he had to do a very big adventure. inception of the company, his two sisters borrow money, hire a few aircraft, and then began to put into operation. i also admit that this is very crazy behavior, and more crazy is that he wanted to become the first successful man. after the formal establishment of the company, smith active efforts to fight for big clients, however, he suffered a series of failures, and is in of any difficult sinister environment front, he showed an indomitable fighting spirit, he successfully weathered the start-up period. as an employee of federal express said: in the first fedex founded in 2034, it would have been bankrupt five or six times, but smith is reluctant to give up he never admit defeat, feelings for the future of unlimited confidence and full of courage, he performed a miracle. smith persistent attitude largely successful from the character he had formed in the service of the united states marine corps. fedex for exchange money, instead of the arms, legs, or life, he said, i am always willing to take risks, because failure is not in your life, you may encounter the worst things that i see very clearly. ready to fightleaders arrive as the nations largest overnight courier company, he inevitably became the object of much criticism, he does not shy away to admit that he can not be in all the time all the things handled perfect, we often make mistakes, to criticism. but smith is not these criticisms are troubled, within the fedex this argument: these criticisms has provided us with a real opportunity to improve their work. whenever our customers made a mistake at work andin fact, we get a chance to learn how to do things better. when one fedex employees across the fence to throw a computer into the customer home video online exposure, smith instead openly talk about it, and put it as a platform to learn to improve.smith recognized the right of the people to express their views, including criticism. but this does not mean that he will make concessions in the face of these challenges, on the contrary, he was seen as an opportunity to learn. people have the right to do that, smith said, we live in a free country, we can show the most natural, if they do, you can also learn a previously not aware of things.smith believes that his company has enough faith through the tough times, this moment will visit often. i rarely see a business or a career was smooth