英语毕业论文6.doc

本 科 生 毕 业 设 计 (论 文)题目：comparative study of chinese and american young generations value教学单位 _姓 名 _ _ _学 号 _ 年 级 _ _ _专 业 _ _指导教师 _ 职 称 _ 2010年 5月11日contentsabstract . 4introduction 6 1.1. the definition of value.6 1.2. the formation of youth value.6chinese young generations value.6 2.1. analyzing chinese young generations value.6 2.2. the elements affecting chinese young generations value9american young generations values9 3.1. analyzing american young generations value.9 3.1.1. individualism.9 3.1.2. success is god10 3.1.3. the spiritual life .113.2 the elements affecting american young generations value.11comparative study of chinese and american young generations value.124.1 different values performances.12 4.1.1. thinking mode.12 4.1.2. behavior patterns.13 4.1.3. family values.14 4.1.4. interpersonal relationships.154.1.5. language expression.154.2 comparisons and differences.15. 4.2.1. the differences of the core values154.2.2. the differences of moral values.174.2.3. the different values on money.18 4.3 reasons for different values in china and america.194.3.1. the development of history.194.3.2. thinking pattern.20conclusion 20note.21references 21acknowledgements .22abstract young generation is an engine to the countries development, this is also true in china and america, the former one is the biggest developing country in the world, the latter one is the most powerful country up to now. in these two big countries, young generation is playing a decisive factor in development-revolutionary. values to young generation is soul to human being, through analyzing chinese and america young generations values, some excellent qualities can be absorbed. value is a criterion which can help people to distinguish good and bad, beauty and ugliness, right and wrong and true and false. value varies from different countries, which is the main cause of the conflict and misunderstanding in the communication between china and america. based on this fact, understanding the values between two countries youth, better communication and cooperation can be achieved. through comparative analysis, we can clearly recognize the similarities and differences between the two countries young peoples value, and they can learn from each other. in this regard, we not only can understand the general orientation of two countries young peoples values, but also establish the correct values of ourselves which act as a lighthouse to guide our life travel through the analysis of the learning process,. in the process of writing this article, through reading various famous writers in-depth analysis and comments about this topic, and also a variety of authoritative journals analysis and reviews of this topic. derive a lot of very useful views and comments, combined with own opinions, after careful analysis and finally draw summary of conclusions. key words: youth; value; culture; difference; common摘 要 青年一代是国家发展的中流砥柱，对国家的发展有至关重要的作用，无论在中国还是在美国，这一点是毫无疑问的。中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家，青年是中国持续发展壮大的核心动力，美国是世界上最大的发达国家，青年的持续奋斗拼搏维持着美国超级大国的地位。在这两个“大”国里，青年一代的奋斗史是国家的发展史，价值观之于青年就好比灵魂之于整个人类，通过对比分析中美两国青年的价值观，取其精华、弃其糟粕。价值观是帮助人们辨别好与坏、美与丑、正确与错误、真实与虚假等的标准。中美两国有着不同的文化规范价值观，这种差异是导致中美两国思想沟通和贸易合作困难，从而产生误解和冲突的主要因素。基于以上原因，通过对比分析中美两国青年的价值观念，能够更好地促进双方的合作与交流。并且通过对比分析，能够清楚的认识到两国青年价值观的异同之处，学习彼此的有点。这样不仅能够了解两国青年价值观的大致取向，还能在分析学习的过程中，树立正确的价值观，为人生的旅航点亮一座灯塔。 在本文的写作过程中，通过阅读各大名家对于此话题的深入分析的文章，以及各种权威学报对于此话题的分析评论文章。从中获得了许多非常有用的观点和评论，再结合自己的观点，经过认真的分析和总结，得出了一下结论。关键词：青年；价值观；文化；差异；共性。. introductionin the process of intercultural communication, on one hand, we, as english learners, are not merely equipped with correct english language knowledge; on the other hand, we also have to acknowledge the country and people, especially cultural background and value. only in this way can we put our language ability into stage fully and succeed in the process of intercultural communication. china is a rising power in this world; there are so many places we have to learn from america, in order to flourish the future of china, comparative study of chinese and american youths value is needed urgently. in this thesis, we will discuss this subject in the following ways 1.1. the definition of valuevalue is a criterion which can help people to distinguish good and bad, beauty and ugliness, right and wrong and true and false. 11.2. the formation of youth valuein this regard, there are so many reasons which influence youth value, but most important ones could be discussed here, three reasons were given to illustrate this issue. the most important factor which influences the formation of youth value is culture-history, next one is family education, and last one is the social relationship around youth. 2ii. chinese young generations value2.1. analyzing chinese young generations value with the deepening of reform and opening-up and socialist market economy system gradually established, profound changes have taken place in the contemporary youth in terms of value; these young people stepped into society mostly after the reform and opening-up policy. compared with former generations, they presented many new features of values, embracing reform and opening-up, pioneering and enterprising, and thirsting for new knowledge and skills, these positive values are the mainstreams of contemporary youth. most of them were born in the 1970s or 1980s; they are very smart and competitive, hoping that they can be someone in their golden age, and the greatest pleasure in their life is to meet their multiple desires.first of all, values orientation, from one aspect to multiple ones. one-aspect-centered value advocates the expression of national values, ideology and responsibility in carrying forward the theme of this dominant values of society advocated selfless, willing to benefit others instead of themselves and so on, emphasizing the state, collectives and others paramount interest, but as individuals, their awareness are weak and interests are insignificant, to the collective and the interests of others, should be unconditional sacrifice, when necessary, even life. such values are often dominated by one-aspect-centered value of state power as recognized and respected and have great authority, and with such a powerful force to promote and educate young people to implement the purpose. today, in the interests of the division, restructuring is extremely frequent, intense social big changes in the value orientation of young people taking place a corresponding diversification of changes, from one to a pluralistic, from one-aspect-centered to the mass, from the social standard or the collective doctrine to individual units or diversities, from the altruism but not self-interest to altruism but also self-interest. in this series of changes, chinese young peoples self-consciousness is gradually strengthening, individuals gradually get respect and be concerned with, which not only concerned about the state and collective interests also take personal interests into account is rational and fair choice. contemporary young peoples diversity of values is largely unprecedented in china. 3 secondly, in the pattern of thinking, changes from single-dimensional to the multi-dimensional. before the reform and opening up, chinas young peoples way of thinking are often one-dimensional, closed characteristics, merely good and bad, beauty and ugliness, good and evil, between the advanced and backward, and justice and evil, etc., with distinct characteristics, one or the other. this dualistic way of thinking and values restricted young peoples development. in todays china, with the development of economic and cultural, which further speed up the process of globalization, the chinese young peoples thinking patterns are increasingly showing an open, multi-dimensional characteristics, they are both in the understanding of things and their own, or in the evaluation and selection activities, greater use this one but also that one as their thinking modes. for example, in righteousness and benefits relationship, in the traditional one-dimensional effect of the value-oriented, emphasizing righteousness interest, ideals, beliefs, noble sentiments are things that all young people should pursue. 4 pursuit of such values, although enhanced young peoples charisma in a certain historical stag, with the modernization process of the development, the biggest drawbacks is that: when collective-benefit-orientation acts as the only value selection criterion, the working passion was covered and efficiency was ignored, then a great contrast was appeared between ideal and reality. since reform and opening, with the individual-based social life has gradually established, and the ideals and aspirations of chinese youth from heaven down to earth, from the respected tradition of one-dimensional approach to a more realistic and multi-dimensional way. in todays china, self-interest is no longer materialistic low, despicable, and it has been re-defined as a general way of values, not only embodies the common interests of the nation criteria, but also with the reality of young people based on their moral practice, which is rational and science. furthermore, in the theme of social value, more emphasis placed on pragmatic, objective and rational. todays young people have dragged out of political obedience and fanaticism compared with youth in 1970s, but also learned the lessons form youth in1980s beyond the reality, which shows characteristics of serious thinking. in political participation, they gradually become independent and use diversiform ways to participate into politics, the majority of young people pursue social justice and social stability as their realistic value of political participation goals; in the economic sphere, the pursuit of self-realization and protection of their legitimate economic interests have become the their value-orientations; in self-realization, they focus on learning and improving, they use their spare time to participate in various types of training courses and get improvement, they pursue true knowledge, respect for the rule of law, pay attention to reason, to comply with the order and rules. they become more practical toward the reform and social development, the majority of young people to make their own choice of self-worth as much as possible consistent with social norms and the actual requirements, and in their own work and life, they gradually take the road of self-realization and service to the community, this value orientation appears in young people concepts of love, marriage, knowledge and reflections in many aspects. 5 2.2. the elements affecting chinese young generations value in the modern society of china, so many reasons are influencing the values of youth in terms of home and abroad. firstly, china is on the path to a powerful country, which makes young people proud of being chinese people, comparing with their parents, they are more adventurous and competitive, and they dont want to be tied by anything and willing to fight for their career; they are not ashamed of talking about money as predecessors did, on the contrary, they are more likely to propagandize the view of asking more while doing more publicly, and correct the wrong concept that pursuing benefits for themselves is bad. in the second place, great changes took place in modern young people in terms of job-hunting; the most important reason is the rapid social development of society. in this regard, payment and material conditions come to the first place when their find jobs, high income leads them to change jobs frequently; 6 the reform of high-income-industries have brought tons of thousands of opportunities to contemporary youth, many of them dont want to be worthless in stead of creating own business empires. furthermore, after china joined into the wto, china became a spot-country, especially different cultures form western countries mixed with chinese traditional culture together, which influence chinese young people a lot; they can devote themselves into work wholeheartedly, in the meanwhile, they also want to enjoy life completely. american young generations values3.1. analyzing american young generations value 3.1.1. individualism individualism is the core of american youths values. america, as a young country, americans pay full attention to individual rights, they are more sensitive than any other country in terms of individual rights. individualism infiltrates every aspect of life in the united states. in politics, the emancipation struggle of black people and the liberation movement of women; in law, many regulations and rules were made to protect the rights of american citizens; in personal life, marital status、age、 income and personal life are regarded as personal privacies. 7 american people respect personal dignity and encourage young people put their personalities to full stage. when children come to this world, they are taken as independent individuals, no abuse and punishment are allowed, or parents will be sued name of abusing their children. in american family, parents and children are friends, and equality is very important in their relationship. in this kind of condition, american children can grow up in a natural and enjoyable way, whats more, american parents would lead their children to a path that think independently and do things by own totally when children at very young age. 8 parents would give suggestions to their children, but they would not force children accept those suggestions, children can make their own judgments and decisions, then they summarized what they got after the failure and success, in this way, children can learn much more than just told by parents or teachers.in school education, childrens personalities also are encouraged. students can work out different answers to the same question only if they can provide enough evidence; in this kind of environment, children will equip with more innovative consciousness and pioneering spirit. 93.1.2. success is godamerican young people highly prize success; it not only includes money but also some kind of social acceptance. in the first place, america is a young republic with hundreds years of history, no history of heavy burdens, no deep-rooted class-values or hereditary traditions. theoretically, everyone can succeed through struggles; on the other hand, american puritans brought the puritan-ideology, which influenced americans value a lot. secondly, money is kind of standard to measure success in americans. so, american people make money wholeheartedly, people would not take it as selfish in terms of material success, on the contrary, it will be accepted socially. the whole society encourages young people to fight for their own careers, which are matched with educational systems. 10who want to be successful only if he equipped with skills, in this regard, american people devoted everything to work only desire for success, because success not only brings financial supports for them, but also social status. however, financial income is not the only standard to measure success. american people would not respect someone merely by his wealth, instead of what he did to the whole society. america has so many public welfare undertakings and charities, mostly run by companies or persons donation. when someone gets success in terms of money, other people wish that he can help communities other people which need help, such as the orphanages, red cross, schools and churches etc. the more they donate to the society, the more people will respect them, even some ordinary people love to devote as possible as they can.3.1.3. the spiritual lifein the declaration of independence, everyone has the rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. human rights, the rising of the living standards and democratization are always americans dream. most of americans believe in religion, there are hundreds of religion-believing in america, but most important one is christianity, which influences young american people a lot in terms of values. in such a fierce competition country, religions ideas, such as people born to equal, love work, respect other people, can make people become more compassionate and caring. 11 3.2. the elements affecting american young generations valueto begin with, american young peoples value influenced mainly by the formation of the united states. america is an immigration country; citizens came from different countries, shared with different cultures and finally formed a unique culture of america, which is an inclusive culture so as to make america as a wonderland, no matter where you come from, what kind of race you are or what kind of religion you believe in, you can live in america and fight for you future here as well. just because of this kind of unique culture, american young people can form their own values.american culture is rooted in the puritan culture and introduced by