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1 编号:git-qi-a6-27 广州工程职业技术学院 毕业设计(论文) 题目:题目:优化操作提高焦化装置液体产品收率优化操作提高焦化装置液体产品收率 系系( ( 院院 ) ): 石化工程系石化工程系 专业班级专业班级: : 石油化工生产技术石油化工生产技术 1 1 班班 学生姓名:学生姓名: 学学 号:号: 指导教师:指导教师: 完成日期:完成日期: 20132013 年年 4 4 月月 7 7 日日 2 目目 录录 摘要摘要 一、一、前言前言3 3 二、二、延迟焦化装置简介延迟焦化装置简介4 4 三、三、焦化装置工艺参数对液体产品收率的影响焦化装置工艺参数对液体产品收率的影响4 4 1、反应温度反应温度 .5 2 2、反应压力、反应压力 .7 3 3、循环比循环比 .8 四四、优化操作优化操作9 9 1 1、焦炭塔及时加注消泡剂焦炭塔及时加注消泡剂 .9 2、加热炉管注入防结焦剂加热炉管注入防结焦剂 .10 3、优化操作降低石油焦的挥发分优化操作降低石油焦的挥发分 .10 4、焦炭塔顶加注急冷油焦炭塔顶加注急冷油 .11 5、装置污油回炼装置污油回炼 1212 6、加强焦炭塔油气管线清焦、加强焦炭塔油气管线清焦 1212 五、总结五、总结1 13 3 参考文献:参考文献:1 14 4 3 优化操作提高焦化装置液体产品收率优化操作提高焦化装置液体产品收率 摘要:摘要: 焦化装置生产的目的是尽量多产液体产品,少产焦炭,本 文探讨了焦化加工温度、反应压力和循环比对焦化产品液体收率的影 响,通过采用新技术,优化各种操作,实现装置内污油全部回炼,对 提高焦化装置液体收率十分有益。 关键词:延迟焦化关键词:延迟焦化 加工温度加工温度 反应压力反应压力 循环比循环比 优化操作优化操作 液体收液体收 率率 一、前一、前言言 世界原油总的趋势是变重,高硫、高残炭、高金属和高酸值原油比例 在增加。随着原油进一步劣质化、重质化,导致馏分油和渣油的质量下降, 而最终产品质量要求却越来越严格,特别是汽油中的烯烃、硫含量与国际 标准进一步靠拢,高硫、高金属中间基原油的重油已难于作为催化裂化的 掺炼原料,为提高竞争力,炼油企业必须将更多的渣油物料转为具有更高 价值的馏分油。延迟焦化作为渣油加工路线的一种成熟方案,具有原料适 应范围广,转化率较高,项目投资少,加工流程短,同时具备回炼多种污 油,操作费用低等优点,经过几十年的技术改进和完善,得到了长足的发 展,已成为炼油厂平衡重油生产的首选工艺。焦化装置生产中操作和设计 的主要目标是液体收率最大化,减少焦炭产量,生产适合下游装置处理的 汽油、柴油、蜡油,但其液体收率却不高,只有 70%左右,而且焦炭价值 低,高硫焦难以使用。因此,不断采用新技术,优化操作,搞好减压渣油 深加工,增加液体产品收率,对提升焦化装置乃至全厂的综合经济效益具 4 有重要的意义。 二、延迟焦化装置简介二、延迟焦化装置简介 延迟焦化装置是以贫氢的减压渣油为原料,在高温下(约 500左右) 进行深度的热裂化和缩合反应,生产干气、液态烃、汽油、柴油、蜡油和 焦炭。广石化焦化(二)装置处理渣油能力为 100 万吨/年,采用洛阳石化 工程公司设计的可灵活调节循环比延迟焦化工艺,将焦化油(原料油和循 环油)经加热炉加热迅速升温至焦化反应温度(495500) ,进入焦炭 塔进行焦化反应,生成的焦炭留于塔内,油气从塔顶出来进入分馏塔进一 步分离成富气和各种馏分油。分离后塔顶气体经压缩机压缩后进入吸收稳 定系统再次进行气体分离成干气和液态烃。装置主要工艺流程如下图所示: 图图 1 1 延迟焦化主要原则流程图延迟焦化主要原则流程图 3 3、焦化装置工艺参数对液体产品收率的影响焦化装置工艺参数对液体产品收率的影响 5 例如:广石化炼油三部焦化(二)装置例如:广石化炼油三部焦化(二)装置 20112011 年的年的 qcqc 成果报告成果报告 1 1、焦焦化化二二装装置置 2 20 01 10 0 年年液液化化气气收收率率与与 2 20 00 09 9 年年对对比比情情况况如如下下: 20092009 年年负荷率负荷率% %液化气收率液化气收率% %干气收率干气收率% %20102010 年年负荷率负荷率% %液化气收率液化气收率% %干气收率干气收率% % 1 1 月月 127.821.744.94 1 1 月月 129.511.944.43 2 2 月月 130.651.655.01 2 2 月月 128.82.012.014.34 3 3 月月 134.631.764.61 3 3 月月 131.291.766.26 4 4 月月 134.11.991.995.21 4 4 月月 116.141.995.59 5 5 月月 110.371.764.58 5 5 月月 131.171.586.15 6 6 月月 134.421.884.46 6 6 月月 129.591.635.42 7 7 月月 132.061.944.4 7 7 月月 129.521.636.01 8 8 月月 133.261.874.54 8 8 月月 132.211.486.3 9 9 月月 118.851.974.68 9 9 月月 134.151.466.18 平均平均 128.46128.46 1.841.84 4.714.71 平均平均 128.13128.131.721.72 5.65.6 09年与10年液化气收率对比图 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 123456789 09年液化气收率 10年液化气收率 由上表可知,2010 年装置液化气平均收率为 1.72%较 2009 年降低 0.12%。 2、可行性分析 (1) 加工负荷对比。2010 年焦化二装置加工负荷率为 128.13%,基本与 2009 年 负荷率持平,而 2010 年装置干气收率为 5.6%,比 2009 年干气收率高 0.89%, 说明存在液化气混入干气的可能。 (2)2010 年富气空冷器 e-1206 由 4 月-10 月期间处于特护运行,目前隐患已经整 改消除,设备运行良好,有利于吸收稳定系统操作。 (3)2011 年焦化二装置加工负荷大幅降低,由 128%下降至 112%,吸收稳定系统吸 收负荷相应降低,利于液化气收率的提高。 6 结结论论:进进一一步步提提高高装装置置液液化化气气收收率率是是可可行行的的。 1 1 反应温度反应温度 焦化过程是热裂解反应和缩合反应的综合过程,既有吸热反应, 又有放热反应,总的结果为吸热过程。反应的热量由加热炉提供,炉 出口温度是根据原料的临界反应温度来确定,而临界反应温度又是由 油品性质决定的。事实上炉出口温度可调范围很小,是焦化反应的控 制点,决定了裂解和缩合反应的深度。 油品在不同温度条件下,裂解和缩合反应的进程存在差异:炉管 内的油品在 420以前裂解反应起主导作用,420以后则缩合反应更 剧烈。在 420以前的反应阶段尽可能采用较低的流速,保证相对较长 的裂解反应时间,达到多产液体产品的目的;而在 420以后的反应阶 段应提高流速,延缓高温段炉管的结焦趋势。本装置加热炉炉管采用 三点注汽技术,改变油品在加热炉管内的流动形式,同时注入一定比 例的防结焦剂,防止炉管结焦,延长开工周期,从而达到提高液体产 品收率的目的。 反应温度是延迟焦化装置的重要操作指标,它的变化直接影响到 炉管内和焦炭塔内的反应深度,从而影响到焦化产物的产率和性质。 当操作压力和循环比固定后,提高焦炭塔温度将使液体产品收率增加, 焦炭产率将下降,并使焦炭塔中挥发份下降。资料表明:焦炭塔内温 度每升高 5.6,将使液体收率增加 1.1%。加热炉出口温度对焦化产品 产率的影响如表 1 所示: 表表 1 加热炉出口温度对焦化产品产率的影响加热炉出口温度对焦化产品产率的影响 7 加热炉出口温度,493495497500 干气,%5.5 液态烃,%1.1 汽油,%15.916.817.017.0 柴油,%26.228.830.130.6 蜡油,%23.220.920.721.2 焦炭,%26.425.624.924.1 损失,%0.5 总液收,%65.366.567.968.8 但是,温度太高,使焦化汽、柴油馏分继续裂化而降低收率,同时增 加气体收率和使焦炭变硬,也会使除焦困难。另外,温度过高,炉管容易 结焦,还会缩短开工周期,反而会影响装置的液体收率,因此,综合考虑 能耗等各方面因素,焦化装置的操作温度一般控制在 495500。在实际 操作中,还应做好炉出口至焦炭塔底进料线的保温,防止热量损失;控制 好四通阀及进料隔断阀的保护蒸汽量,尽量保证渣油进入焦炭塔的反应温 度。 2 2 反应压力反应压力 在反应温度及循环比不变的条件下,提高焦炭塔操作压力会使较高的 重质烃类残留在塔内,使得焦炭产率上升,蜡油收率降低,同时由于反应 压力增加,烃类停留时间延长,加剧了二次裂化反应,使气体收率上升, 液体收率降低,焦炭的挥发份也会有所增加。据统计,焦炭塔压力每降低 0.05 mpa,液体产品收率增加 1.3v%,焦炭产率将下降 1%。压力太低,不 能克服分馏塔及后路系统的阻力,由于受压缩机入口压力和系统压力降的 限制,降低反应压力,增加液收的操作弹性很小,一般保持焦炭塔操作压 8 力维持在 0.16mpa0.18mpa 之间。表 2 列出了操作压力对产品产率分布 的影响。 表表 2 操作压力对产品产率分布的影响操作压力对产品产率分布的影响 平时操作中主要是优化压缩机操作,尽可能将机入口压力按下限控制, 控制指标降低为0.040mpa,同时做好对分馏塔顶空冷、水冷的压降变化 监控,及时做好焦炭塔油气线结焦的清除工作;在焦炭塔预热、换塔、小 吹汽过程中保证压力平稳,因为系统压降的变化引起油气线速的改变,油 气线速频繁变化,会造成焦炭塔顶油气夹带焦粉。 与此同时,对吸收稳系统操作参数进一步优化,系统进行提压操作, 在保证气压机安全运行的前提下,提高再吸收塔操作压力,可以提高吸收 效果,降低干气中 c5含量,也可以提高液体产品收率。 3 3 循环比循环比 循环比是焦化工艺的一个很重要操作参数,是影响产品分布、操作费 用的主要因素,在固定的加热炉流量下,降低循环比会明显提高装置的处 理能力。循环比变小,从分馏塔分离出的蜡油终馏点提高,返回焦炭塔内 进行二次裂化的重质烃类减少,相应降低了小分子烃类的产量和焦炭的产 量,增加了中间馏分的产率。 循环比越小,气体和焦炭收率就越小。因此,为了提高液体产品收率,就 必须采用低循环比操作。在降低循环比增加液收的同时,还应考虑到: (1)焦化重蜡油的终馏点、残 c、s 和庚烷不溶物增加,对下游装置存在 不利影响;(2)当循环比降的太低,加热炉进料接近原料性质,易造成 加热炉结焦,分馏塔蒸发段超温等问题,从而影响装置的长周期运行。因 9 此确定一个合适的循环比,不仅要考虑焦化装置的经济效益,而且更应考 虑下游加工装置的加工能力,所以,根据原料性质和目前的操作,循环比 控制在 0.20.3 左右。我厂蜡油加氢装置即将建成投产,对改善蜡油质量 将起到重要作用,届时可以采取低循环比多产蜡油。改变循环比对焦化产 品分布的影响如表 3 所示: 表表 3 循环比对焦化产品分布的影响循环比对焦化产品分布的影响 循环比00 干气,4.715.365.425.89 液态烃,1.812.072.382.57 汽油,13.4114.3014.8115.86 柴油,24.2526.2327.3630.12 蜡油,35.6629.5926.1820.85 焦炭,19.1220.9422.6423.75 损失,1.041.421.210.96 合计,100100100100 总液收,73.3270.5768.3566.83 据上表计算,循环比由 0.3 降到 0.20,焦化装置液体收率可提高 1.52%。 四四 优化操作优化操作 1 1 焦炭塔及时加注消泡剂焦炭塔及时加注消泡剂 消泡剂一般为聚二甲基硅氧烷,表面张力和溶解度都很低。加入消泡 剂的目的是为了降低泡沫层,增大有效生焦空间,提高焦炭塔的利用率, 从而提高因焦炭塔容积制约造成的装置处理量小,同时可减缓油气中的焦 粉夹带,显著地减少焦炭塔油气携带焦粉进入分馏塔及炉加热炉管,延长 装置的运行周期;另一方面由于泡沫层的石油焦挥发分高达 30%左右,通 10 过注入消泡剂降低了焦炭塔的泡沫层高度(约 2 米,从除焦时软焦层的高 度反映的情况推测) ,减小了放空时的轻质油损失,提高了液体收率。表 4 为消泡剂注入前后焦炭塔泡沫层高度对比。 表表 4 消泡剂注入焦炭塔前后泡沫层高度对比消泡剂注入焦炭塔前后泡沫层高度对比 项 目至 a 点报警时生产时间,h实测焦高,m泡沫层高度,m 不注入消泡剂 23.317.94.5 注入消泡剂 25.519.92.5 焦化装置生产中加入消泡剂后,可明显降低后续产品的固溶物含量, 数据如表 5 所 表表 5 加入消泡剂前后产品固溶物含量对比加入消泡剂前后产品固溶物含量对比示: 产 品汽油,%柴油,%蜡油,% 不注入消泡剂 注入消泡剂0.200.4 2 2 加热炉管注入防结焦剂加热炉管注入防结焦剂 防结焦剂一般具有如下功能 (1)金属表面改性功能:能在设备表面形成一层耐高温的化学保护膜; 一方面使沥青质、有机高分子聚合物和小焦粉不易在其表面聚结和沉积; 另一方面也阻止了金属表面对聚合反应的催化作用。 (2)增溶、分散作用:对原料中形成的大分子有机聚合物能起到增溶 作用,防止其在设备表面析出;对原料中夹带的小焦垢颗粒有分散作用, 防止其聚结、沉积在设备表面。 (3)清净作用:对设备表面形成的焦垢有清除作用,延缓焦化装置加 热炉结焦是焦化装置长周期运行的先决条件,增加防结焦剂注入系统,加 11 热炉管壁温度上升缓慢,炉管压降没有变化,延长了开工周期,年增加处 理量约 2%5%,为装置提高液体收率奠定了基础。 3 3 优化操作降低石油焦的挥发分优化操作降低石油焦的挥发分 石油焦中的挥发分,主要成分为轻质油,加工温度和吹汽时间是影响石 油焦中挥发分的主要因素。因此,要降低石油焦的挥发分采取以下措施: (1)炉出口温度按工艺指标上限控制,同时加热炉采取变温操作, 在焦炭塔切换前 2 小时将炉出口温度提高 12。 (2)在不影响焦炭塔操作的前提下,将吹汽的时间由 1h 延长到 1.5h,通过此项措施,最大限度地将焦炭塔内的较轻组份及热量带入分馏 塔系统,降低了轻油损失,提高液体收率。 石油焦挥发分的控制指标为 812,操作弹性较大。我厂焦化装置年加 工能力为 140 万吨,设计焦炭收率 30,石油焦的挥发分每降低 1,则 装置液体收率增加 0.3。 4 4 焦炭塔顶加注急冷油焦炭塔顶加注急冷油 焦炭塔顶加注急冷油,对提高液体产品收率的影响有以下两个方面: (1)焦炭塔顶油气温度过高会发生二次裂化反应,生成分子量较小的气 体产物,影响液体产品收率,因此在塔顶加注急冷油,严格控制焦炭塔顶 温420。 (2)急冷油为本装置自产蜡油,设计用量为 20 吨/小时,急冷油注入焦炭 塔后,在高温条件下,发生裂解反应生成大量的低分子气体产物;因此应 12 根据装置的具体运行情况,调整急冷油的性质,控制急冷油温度在 8090,以减少急冷油的用量,从而降低急冷油的二次裂化反应,避免 造成液体收率的损失。 5 5 装置污油回炼装置污油回炼 延迟焦化装置是既连续又间断的生产过程,生产过程中会产生大量的 污油,这些污油来源主要有三个方面:(1)焦炭塔在预热过程中,从常 温开始,由蒸汽预热,到油气预热,温度逐步上升到320以上。高温油 气冷凝,沉积于焦炭塔底部,形成冷凝油,也称焦炭塔预热油,其主要成 分为蜡油,约占装置处理量的2%左右。(2)焦炭塔切换之后,老塔在大 吹汽阶段,大量的油气随着蒸汽到达密闭放空系统,经过冷却、分离,形 成放空污油。(3)焦炭塔在冷焦过程中,残留在塔内的油气随冷焦水溢 流到冷焦水罐,分离后送到灌区沉降脱水沉降脱水 ,形成污油。 污油回炼有两种途径:一是作为焦炭塔急冷油,二是甩油直接进分馏 塔。当甩油温度低于 150时,先往放空系统顶油,除去预热油和管线中 的存水,减少甩油带水对分馏塔操作的影响,这部分污油和放空、冷焦产 生的污油经沉降后可以用做急冷油。当甩油温度高于 150时,甩油直接 进分馏塔。污油回炼既降低了装置能耗,又增加了液体产品收率,有着良 好的经济效益。 6 6 加强焦炭塔油气管线清焦加强焦炭塔油气管线清焦 根据焦炭塔顶及其进料段的压力变化情况,定期做好对油气口处检查, 及时对油气管线进行清焦,从表 5 的数据可以看出:焦炭塔操作压力在清 焦后一般可下降 0.010.02mpa,进料段压力同步降低,保证了焦炭塔反 13 应压力相对稳定,及时消除了因系统管线压降上升而导致焦炭塔反应压力 的上升,从而影响液体收率。 表表 6 焦炭塔油气线清焦前后压力对比焦炭塔油气线清焦前后压力对比 项项 目目焦炭塔顶压力,mpa焦炭塔底压力,mpa 清焦前清焦前 0.1790.42 清焦后清焦后 0.1680.36 五五 总结总结 (1) 加强对焦化原料的密度、残炭、硫含量及芳烃、饱和烃、胶质、 沥青质四组份的分析,根据分析数据及时调整炉管注汽量和加热炉出口温 度。 (2)优化加工温度、操作压力、循环比、大小吹汽量的时间和蒸汽 用量、焦炭塔顶温度等操作条件,综合考虑装置的安全运行和增加液体收 率之间的操作平衡点,并根据下游装置对焦化蜡油原料性质的要求,逐步 降低焦化装置的循环比,控制好蜡油残炭,终馏点尽量靠至高限,对提高 焦化装置液体收率十分有益。 (3)做好重污油回收、沉降脱水工作,实现装置内重污油全部回炼, 不仅降低加工成本,并且提高了装置的液体收率。在此基础上,可以逐步 对全厂的重污油进行回炼,既缓解了环保压力,又有着良好的经济效益和 社会效益。 (4)利用 dcs 进行装置生产监控,按要求适时注入急冷油、消泡剂, 控制好焦炭塔顶温,最大限度地利用焦炭塔空高,提高装置的处理量和液 体收率,延长开工周期。 (5)为了提高焦化装置的处理量,常常采用缩短生焦周期的方法, 14 这对装置的各种操作是一项严峻的挑战。焦化装置生产的目的是尽量多产 液体产品,少产焦炭,因此,需要不断采用新技术,优化各个工艺参数, 合理安排焦炭塔预热、生焦、换塔、小吹汽、大吹汽、冷焦、除焦各个时 段的操作,保证装置平稳运行,是液体收率的最大化的前提。 参考文献参考文献 1.广石化炼油三部焦化(二)装置 2011 年 qc 成果报告 2.石油化工动态1999 年 06 期 3.宋连军. .延迟焦化装置发展及运行优化.锦州石油化工, 2006.3: 1417 4.晁可绳.延迟焦化工艺和参数,延迟焦化高级技术研讨班讲课教材. 2005(11):12-13 5.李春年.渣油加工工艺,北京:中国石化出版社,2002 6.邓谱.焦化甩油回炼措施的完善与实施,第二届延迟焦化生产技术交流 会报告论文集,2004(10):55-60 7.傅钢强,余水龙. 镇海石化. 延迟焦化装置焦炭塔焦高的预测与控制. 2004,3 8.许如,郑月明. 炼油设计. 延迟焦化装置消泡剂的应用. 2000,10 15 您好,为你提供优秀的毕业论文参考资料,请您删除以下内容,您好,为你提供优秀的毕业论文参考资料,请您删除以下内容,o(_)o 谢谢!谢谢! !a national survey was recently launched to evaluate the eye health of chinese children andteenagers. on june 6, chinas annual national day for eye care, the china youth development servicecenter and zhejiang medicine, a leading listed chinese pharmaceutical company, jointlyannounced the kickoff of the survey.in about one month, a questionnaire compiled by top eye care medical experts in china willbe distr ibuted through multiple online partners, including h, as well asthrough offline survey even ts held in universities, middle schools and primary schools acrossthe country.a report will be released bas ed on the survey statistics and analysis, and most importantly,guidelines for parents and youth on how to care for the eyes and prevent myopia agrowing problem in chinas digitized society, will also be attached on the report.“myopia is not only a di sease that makes people see things blurrily, but also leads to severecomplications, such as glaucoma (incre ased pressure within the eyeball), and can causeblindness,“ said zhou yuehua, an established eye care spe cialist with beijing tongrenhospital.“it is very important for parents and children to know about the risk and care for their eyes.“there are about 450 million myopia patients in china. among chinese myopia p atients,30million are severe patients, according to zhouthe prevalence of myopia among high school and college students is more than 70 percent,and the situation is continuously worsening, he added.sun zhu, di rector with the china youth development service center, said long hours ofstudy, lack of exercise, especi ally outdoor activities, and attachment to electronic screen aresome of the top reasons behind the widespre ad myopia problems, and the increase ofyounger patients, although china has made great progress in imp roving the hardwarefacilities and lighting conditions in schools.he said he hopes the survey will alert peop le on the threatening situation, and also helpmedical experts to better guideline parents and childrens beh aviors to care for eyes, basedon the timely and factual statistics the survey collected.a series of follow- up events will also be held in six cities, including jinan in shandongprovince, and changsha in hunan pro vince, to educate people on how to care for eyes afterthe survey started. more and more chinese are jogging to get and stay fit. most joggers will run alone, but some will jog with friends or even coaches. the beijing olympic forest park is one of the most popular spots. it is packed with runners in the afternoon, usually after work, and at weekends. jogging after a whole days work can be a way to unwind. it is true for he wenjun, whose workplace is right near the forest park. she discovered her athletic aptitude at the age of seven, when she began playing tennis. then she turned to jogging, and she has persevered with it for 10 years. “i come to jog almost every day after work, whenever i have time. i think jogging is good for my health. and for me, a girl, it helps me to achieve to eternal goal, to keep slim,“ he said. he says she prefers jogging alone, so she can focus better. she loves jogging, even during beijings smoggy days. “if the smog is severe, ill hold off jogging for a while. but if i really want to get away from work, ill wear a mask, or just ignore the smog and go on jogging,“ she said. for those who are not so athletic, jogging also has its attractions. wu houbin started roughly two years ago, when he was severely obese. within two months, his weight dropped from 82 kilograms to 64 kilograms. the success helped him recover health, and he has made friends. “jogging does not require speed, but stamina. if you want to stick to the game, you need to take it as a mission, a habit, and then eventually a hobby,“ wu said. but persevering with jogging is not always easy. jogging is beneficial for heart-lung function, and the skeletal system, but doctors say improper technique damages the joints, especially the knees and ankles. “excessive jogging wears down the body, and harms ones health. poor technique harms the muscles and skeleton, and can cause secondary injures. and, jogging in a bad environment can cause circulation problems,“ said lu zhiyong, attending doctor, sports hospital, general admin. of sports.dr. lu has some tips for joggers, and those who are thinking of taking it up.he says people sh ould first evaluate their physical condition, to decide the amount and type of exercise, and jogging in the open air is better running on a treadmill. conrad macao will run special 16 programs for the entire month of october this year to support the hong kong cancer funds pink revolution, an annual campaign that seeks to raise awareness and funds for breast cancer research, the hotel recently announced. a major sponsor of the campaign for three years in a row, conrad macao has pledged to donate a portion of its proceeds to the fund, including those collected from selling its popular bear and rubber duck merchandise, in limited pink editions. pink is the theme for floral arrangements and decorations in the hotel in october. in addition, on fridays that month, members of the management and staff will add something pink to their uniforms, regular e-mails and handwritten guest cards. “breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women in hong kong and is also of significant concern in macao and around the world, regardless of age,“ general manager bede barry said in a statement. the hotel has enlisted the support of a number of international and local celebrities to help drive the cause, including south korean actor jung suk won. this year, a lucky guest who stays at the hotel during the campaign and also donates money for the cause will win a necklace specially designed by arte madrid, a spanish jewelry brand. women should strive to balance quality of work and life, and have children at a young age. as a doctor i see much suffering because of this imbalance. xiao ying, 36, works for a large law firm. her job means lots of travel, a heavy caseload and a large number of meetings, so her schedule is hectic. she has been pregnant twice, but had abortions on both occasions because she felt her busy, high- pressure career wasnt conducive to raising a child. she planned to have children once she had achieved career success so she could provide a stable environment for her baby. after 10 years, xiao felt the time was right, and she tried to conceive for about six months, but was unable to become pregnant. i conducted comprehensive physical checkups. the results suggested that xiaos ovarian function has declined and a bilateral oviduct blockage has occurred, meaning that in vitro fertilization is her only option. so, after reducing her workload, xiao underwent ivf treatment. luckily, she got pregnant after just one treatment cycle, but later experienced vaginal bleeding, and rushed to the hospital. i told her to rest and carry on with the treatment (to prevent a miscarriage). as zubin zarthoshtimanesh, a yoga guru, demonstrated postures at a high school stadium in dujiangyan city, sichuan province, some 200 students sat on colorful mats watching him closely. it was part of the first india-china international yoga festival in the provincial capital, chengdu, in southwest china, where more than 1,000 fans from home and abroad gathered for lessons from 20 leading practitioners of the ancient indian regimen, from june 17-21. yoga is to india what perhaps tai chi is to china. many countries other than india and china, also held the first world yoga day on june 21, after the united nations last year agreed to indian prime minister narendra modis suggestion that a special day be marked in the year for the global practice of the stress-busting regimen, which is already a multibillion dollar industry in the united states. modi said in the speech: “yoga is an invaluable gift of indias ancient tradition. . it is not about exercise but to discover the sense of oneness with yourself, the world and nature.“zarthoshtimanesh, who runs his own yoga center, iyengar yogabhyasa, in the indian financial capital of mumbai, says: “chinese students are very respectful. for me, all students are the same no matter what their race is and where they come from. the most important thing is to remove mental walls.“ zarthoshtimanesh learned yoga from the late yogacharya iyengar and traveled with the master to different countries. consulate general of india in southern chinas guangzhou city organized the chengdu festival. a terrifying wooden bridge in china has just been replaced by a glass one. this, the worlds longest glass-bottomed walkway, is located in shiniuzhai geopark in hunan, and spans 300m (984f) and is 180m (590f) above ground. the floor is made of double-layered glass that is 24mm (0.94in), and is reportedly 25 times stronger than regular window glass. the bridge had previously been made of wood, linking the two peaks of stone buddha mountain, but 11 engineers working 12 hours a day converted it to glass. previously, you were considered brave if you steeled yourself to cross the wooden walkway; now, with its glass bottom, the bridge is already being referred to as “hero bridge.” the popular chains longtime executive chef embraces mapo tofu and other exotic elements for the burger-driven menu, liu zhihua reports.at the age of 37, shanghai native lin zhengu has become a star as a western cuisine chef in the chinese metropolis, a city that has a wealth of western restaurants. the executive chef of blue frog bar and grill, a popular burger-based restaurant and ba

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