英语本科毕业论文-敏感的文化元素--浅谈中外青春期性教育.doc

攀本科毕业论文敏感的文化元素浅谈中外青春期性教育学生姓名： 学生学号： 200310309102 院（系）： 外 国 语 学 院 年级专业： 2003 级 英 语 本 科 指导教师： 二七年五月impressible element of cultureadolescent sex education in china and abroad han yan under the supervision of cui zhaohui school of foreign languages and culturespanzhihua universitymay 2007 攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 contentscontentsabstract.ikey words.i摘要.关键词.introduction 1 i. sex one content of culture .2a. relationship between culture and sex .2b. facing sex correctly.2ii. getting scientific sex knowledge .3a. sex education one necessary part in peoples life.3b. necessity of scientific and correct sex education4. overseas sex education .4a. importance of adolescent sex education4b. sex education in the western countries.5. sex education for youth in china.7a. current situation of adolescent sex education in china .7b. the improvement of adolescent sex education in china.10c. sex education at college.10. suggestions for chinas sex education .13a. regarding sex daringly .13b. carrying out sex education scientifically .13conclusion.16acknowledgements .17notes .18bibliography .19攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 abstractabstractsex one natural physiological tendency of human. as one kind of information culture, sex education has its own special importance in the process of humans development. though many scholars and experts have recognized and pointed out the necessity of sex education for youth, china still can not be as open and daring as some foreign countries.adolescence is the most important stage in humans life. once the youths in those ages can not get the correct and scientific sex knowledge, they are easy to destroy themselves more or less and can not protect themselves from others. however, in peoples mind, sex is the personal intimacy, and they are always feeling shy and embarrassed when talking about sex. so, carrying out sex education should start by changing peoples unenlightened concepts and making them know it is a science and necessary knowledge for youths healthy upgrowth. scientific adolescent sex education will not only make the youths communication more unaffected, and the scientific sex knowledge can help them to protect themselves, and even can reduce some social problems in sex morality and sex delict in adolescence. key words sex; sex education; impressible; important 攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 摘 要摘要“性”是人类的自然生理行为。作为一种信息文化，性教育在人类发展过程中有其独特的重要性。虽然很多专家学者都认识到并指出青春期性教育的重要性，但中国人在思想始终不够大胆和开放。青春期是人生中最重要的一个成长阶段。这一年龄段的青少年一旦不能得到正确科学的性知识，他们便很容易把自己推向毁灭，更别说保护好自己。但是，在人们的脑海中，性是个人隐私，在谈论此话题时也总会觉得害羞尴尬。因此，要开展性教育，首先就要从思想入手，改变人们脑海中固守的陈旧观念，让人们知道这是一门科学，是青少年身心健康成长必须具备的知识。科学的性教育，不仅可以让青少年懂得如何与人相处，懂得如何去保护自己，更可以减少青春期孩子性道德和性犯罪等社会问题的发生。 关键词性；性教育；敏感的；重要的 攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 introductionintroductionwith the opening up of the society and the development of mass media (like the internet), there is now so much information about sex available that it almost has brought about sex pollution. at the same time, a lack of formal education of sex has led to teenagers ignorance about sex. the contradiction is being felt more and more deeply. the increasing improper sexual behaviors and crimes among teenagers is vivid evidence. it is widely accepted that sex education should be carried out formally under scientific teaching.sex is one part of culture. it helps the societys development and the nationalitys reproduction. sex education can enrich one countrys culture and push the improvement of society. though there have been lots of experts and scholars have taking many researches on the problem of sex education, it is still a new work in china. sex education is not common, not only in classroom, but in life. however, in some foreign countries, like america, sweden, netherlands and some other countries, they have got nice achievements in sex education. the concepts and minds of them in sex education are opener than that in china, because they regard “sex” as a natural and normal affair in life, and this is one part we should learn from them. by sex education, people will know sex is only a normal and natural physiological tendency in humans life, understand the true meaning of sex scientifically and learn to restrict and protect themselves with it, which shows the importance of sex education and help people and the society develop comprehensively and roundly. 1攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 bodyi. sex one content of culturewhat do you imagine when seeing the word “sex” at the first sight? or do you open your eyes as large as you can and prick up your ears when you hear this word? in peoples mind, sex is always be related with obscenity, scurrility or vulgar things. but at this time, have you really realized the true meaning of “sex”?in the new century, the worlds economy develops rapidly and the peoples living standard is also improved well. then, people start to aspire after every kinds of enjoyment in culture, and the religion culture, diet culture and all other products of culture. of course, sex is one part of a countrys culture. we may discussing the true meaning of culture first before discussing the sex culture and sex education.a. relationship between culture and sex educationgenerally speaking, culture is a social phenomenon that has been produced by humans secular creation. culture is also one kind of historical phenomenon that deposited in history. culture means one country or one nationalitys history, geography, customs, life styles, literature, behaviors, thoughts, conceptions, etc. sex and the behaviors related it all experience the same history as humans. without sex, there is no reproduction of human beings or the highly developing of human civilization today. according to these, sex is not only a culture, but human beings original culture. just because its particularity, sex has always been blenched and blanked off by people.in the deep structure, culture can be divided into information culture, behavior culture and achievement culture. so we can say that sex is one kind of behavior culture and sex education is the information culture.b. facing sex correctlyscience, education, culture and sanitation are the four stanchions of a countrys civilization. as one part of education, sex education (also sexual health education in china) has been paid more and more attention by the government and educators.actually speaking, sex and other social problems have the same social character. people can talk about gambling, drinking and drugs in public, but feel shy and embarrassed when facing sex. investigating the reasons of it, that is because of touching the impressible nerve of chineses conservative minds. in fact, sex is common and natural as eating, sleeping and drinking in peoples life. but just because too many people shy away from it, sex has been covered by a secret veiling, and the “forbidden fruit effect” engendered by this makes the youths who havens any scientific sex knowledge have the strong curiosity on sex. in the same time, demoralization and sex crime beget the society and medias different attention. in such state, should we not accept sex and sex education openly? . getting scientific sex knowledgea.sex education one necessary part in peoples lifehow to explain sex? this is a difficult question for many people. in order to give a proper answer to this, we can see another kind of strong power firstly, that is fire. fire can be used to cook, to give us warmth and brightness. without fire, the forefather of human could not live and people could not have todays happy life. nevertheless, fire will turn to be a terrible destructive power once it is out of control. and in this condition, fire will burn all the things into ember; it also can end human life. when facing the fires double power, can we say fire is good or bad? in fact, fire is just fire. if we do not play with it, but rein it cautiously, fire is a useful and valuable tool. otherwise, fire will destroy ourselves finally. somebody who plays with fire will get burnt. in the same way, sex also has two sides as fire. it is one kind of dulcet and energetic experience; it can be one emotion link between two lovers; it can bring new lives to us. contrarily, unhealthy sex practice will hurt the self-respect, and bring us pain of illness or injury of heart, and even destroy the whole life. this is the reason why we should carry out sex education especially in adolescence.b. necessity of scientific and correct sex educationthe natural attribute of sex is the instinct of human and animals. it will help them continue their lives, and it is the wise of multiplying. such attribute of human is inherent, and there is no difference with animal. however, humans sex has its own sociality that is named as culture. this sociality makes sex of human become one important element to measure the development of human civilization. humans sex is affected by the postnatal growth. if the youth havent gotten the correct sex education, they could not grow in correct direction. accordingly, sex education is a lifelong education that people needs different sex education from childhood to adulthood.sex education can be divided into two parts: theory education and personality education. the two of them are all indispensable, but the second part is more important which is a necessary portion making us know how to be a healthy and modern person in the intersexual relationship. if we lack knowledge, it still has chance to remedy. but if our ideal, morality, sentiment or style is wrong, its hard to correct. however, for most people, because of the misunderstanding of sex, sex education is only localized on the education in physiology and anatomy, or some cases education about physiological problems, or some education aiming at preventing the ill behaviors. as a matter of fact, sex itself has the attribute with sociality, culture and ethic, and it is inenarrable by physiological definition. sex education not only imparts the physiological knowledge about human sexual organs and function, but also engrafts them some sexual ethics, social standard and relatively juristic criterion about sex. sex education also includes every healthful habit education, too. scientific sex education has stimulative function for healthy development of the family and society, not only the educatees themselves. the overseas sex educationa. importance of adolescent sex education since the middle period of this century, more and more countries and governments have recognized that if we want to make the callans growing comprehensively, the adolescent sex education is the important tache that can not be neglected. the callans in adolescence nowadays seem to be kept in a confused circumstance, though they have some of both childs and adults characters, they are neither children or adults yet, but the youth who goes through the crucial stage that their physiology, mentality is become ripe. a large number of researches indicate that the establishment of self-image, the nurturance of healthy personality, the natural upgrowth of body and mind and the forming of well human relations are all nearly related with adolescent sex education. in 1994, after the international population and development conference, the adolescent sex education has turned into one object have been payed much attention preferentially by the international society. many experts and scholars recognized that carrying on adolescent sex education at the proper time and directing them correctly was the demand to accelerate and protect the callans health growth as well as the guarantee to strengthen the socialistic psychic civilization construction and make the country thriftily developed.though people realized the importance of sex education long before, the authentically comprehensive sex education was carried out till 1960s. after the development of several decades, the significance of adolescent sex education for the youths in 21th century have been accepted by the public, but there are many different opinions on the education forms. in the recent years, the commonly methods and the relatively successful models which have been taken by the international society are the early sex schooling in sweden and netherlands, the peer education which sourced from australia and be popular in america and britain and the abc sex education which advocated by the unaids.b. sex education in the western countriessweden was the first country which opened the course of sex education. since1942, they began to implement heuristic and participant sex education for the children older than 7. in 1966, sweden tried to give sex education through tv which broke the situation that parents felt shay when talking about sex. netherlands was also a country which carried out early sex education successfully.in netherlands, children could receive sex education since 6 years old. although government prescribed that youths could have sex behaviors legally after the age of 12, the number of youths gravidity before marriage in netherlands is the lowest in those european countries.the adolescent sex education in american began in 1960s with the movement which advocating “sex freedom and sex liberation”. this movement was a calamity to the youth in america at that time which results in the number of gravid girls increased year after year. in america, there were more than 1,000,000 girls impregnated before being adults. 65% of babies were bastards, and about 3,000,000 juveniles went down watch 9000 scenes of suggestive or indirectly expressed sex behaviors in tv programs one year. then how to avoid or reduce these circs? some experts pointed that it was necessary to implement scientific sex education which includes contraception knowledge for the middle school students. in one research of the famous magazine times in america, we can see that there were 78% american agreeing with setting the course of adolescent sex education in school. at that time, the aim of adolescent sex education that had been approved was to reduce the numbers of sex transmitted disease (std) and illegitimate children, to control the wrong sexual behaviors and train the youth to build correct attitude and ability in getting along with opposite sex. in the recent years, though there are two kinds of opinions on the problem of adolescent sex education, they all approve to carrying out sex education in school.new york is a city full of sex. in one course of sex education in america, a young and beautiful schoolmistress wrote a big word “sex” on the blackboard, then she asked her students with smile what their thoughts were when they saw this word. these childrens answers were surprising for us well-nigh. one said he associated the spermatorrhea with this word; one said she had vision of pregnancy; and some imaged love making; some even said they had imaginations of stark-naked women, etc. such scene may make the traditional chinese unavoidably exclaim over the open mind of american, their attitude towards sex in americans minds and the active atmosphere in the course of sex education. with the normative sex education, to make the children know “sex” is a how natural and holy life element. with the change and improvement of the overseas sex education in practice, it is not difficult to know adolescent sex education is a comprehensive education system with complicated meanings and wide scope. and if implementing it only in one side, it is hard to reflect the panorama of adolescent sex education and must result in the lapsuses and detour in practice. we can only carry out this special education based on the views of the youth themselves in macroscopically and timely ways, and moderately with pertinence which will guide the youth to get through the adolescence successfully. why can those countries regard sex so imperturbably? why do we always regarding sex as one very bad thing? why cant we make people have such a concept that sex is natural and sex education is necessary? if we can change peoples conservative attitude, many problems on sex education will be readily solved.sex education for youth in china a. current situation of adolescent sex education in chinain china, when we strode forward the years of 1980s, people started to know the importance of sex education. but because of been affected by the traditional concept, people seldom discussed sex in public. and “adolescent education” is the special substantive produced in chinas especial history condition which indicates the sex education for callans in order to make more people accept it in the base of science. with the physical and mental growth of the middle school students, the tendency of the sex precocity all over the world in the 20th century and the spread of venereal disease and aids, middl