2010综合类（A级）真题测试及分析.doc

第29课2010综合类（a级）真题测试及分析（3）阅读理解解题顺序1、 抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点。2、 读题干并扫一下abcd。3、 分类解题。4、 不要把希望全部寄托在技巧上（找长的相的），查字典能读还是读一下。职称英语考试用书(内部教材)兰皮275页务必请同学们先自己做，然后再听讲解查字典要领 1、 当在字典词条中发现两个都有时，一般选前面的词。2 、查不到时注意同一单词的不同词性。3、 如果查不到，只有查五个中文。4、 动词过去式与过去分词去掉ed(d)。5、 动词现在分词去掉ing加e查。6、 特别小心abcd选项中出现动词的过式及过去分词的不规则变化。7、 特别小心划线部分出现动词的过式及过去分词的不规则变化。 职称英语考试用书(内部教材)兰皮272页务必请同学们先自己做，然后再听讲解 2010年全国职称英语综合类（a级）考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分) 14分1. i enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. p553 ca. boring b. long c. humorous d. original 2. i want to provide my boys with a decent education. p341 baspecial bgood cprivate dgeneral3. patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. p1071 答案da. doubt b. love csurprise 后 danger 前 4.the two banks have announced plans to merge next year. aa. combine b. close c. break d. sell 5. her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. p 580 dasimilar busual cbad dpolite6. i cant put up with my neighbors noise any longer, which is driving me mad. p 1013 ca. measure b. generate c. tolerate d. reduce7. regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. p 663 aa. great b. equal c moderate d. immediate 8. he was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. p1298 ba. bad b. unclear 前 c. bright d. general 后9. steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. p611acase bpicture cdanger devidence10. he demolished my argument in minutes. p354 b 答案没有a. accepted b. disproved反驳 c. supported d. disputed 11. your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. p1307 aa. energetic b. regular c. free d. physical 12.lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. p1182 carequire battract cencourage dspend13. he was kept in appalling conditions in prison. p84 da. necessary b. critical c. normal d. terrible 14. the project required ten years of diligent research. p376 c abasic bscientific c. hardworking d. social15. our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. p 1275 ba. doubt b. confusion c. relief d. failure 33 14 47 51 55第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分) the writings on the wall? 4分is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? well, its still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called demetrius started spraying his tag , taki 183, all over the new york underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. it came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. an experiment to control the spread of graffiti in rochdale, creater manchester, has been so successful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in june. were planning to get people together from different countries like france and cermany for a week, says liam, one of the organizers. the scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. we all share a common interest and get on really well with each other. the first site to be chosen was a subway. before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. we had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. people can relate to graffiti much more now. by providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of tagging on peoples private property. street artists temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. in art classes at school he was really frustrated because the art teacher didnt spend time with him. they thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. so, at 12 years old, temper started painting with all these guys hed hooked up with who were about 22 years old. he looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of wolvehampton, england. the whole hip -hop scene was built up of different things and i did a bit of everything. but it was always the graffiti i was best at, he says. 16. demetrius was a teenager from in new york. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 17. the graffiti scheme in rochodale was for teenagers only. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned18. people did not like using the subway before an organized group of graffiti artists came. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned19. since the scheme started, new wall in the town were sprayed with graffiti. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned20. most of the other graffiti artists in england were about ten years older than temper. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned21. temper, a street artist, is now head of graffiti club in england. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned22. temper is involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分) 0分 waste not，want not 1 bob and clara darlington，who own and run a farm in the north of england，have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they growtheir success began when they established a shop on their farm，so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them2 the business was an immediate success，and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the farm retail association to find the best farm shop in the countrythe associations inspectors found the darlingtons shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetablethe business of darlingtons farm shop was success达灵顿的农场商店生意很快就取得了成功，很快地，他们的商店在一场农场零售协会举办的比赛中获得最高分，成为全英格兰最好的农场商店。协会的检查员发现达灵顿的商店提供卓越的服务和质优价廉的水果和蔬菜。 3 clara darlington is a trained chef and，in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce，she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchena small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added，with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop 4 clara admits that starting the business was expensive，and she has worked very hard，but maintains that if the product is good，the public recognize this and buy iti aim to offer the highest quality to our customers，whether they come in for a loaf of bread，or take a whole dinner-party menui take it as a compliment(恭维)if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves 5 so it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shopclara，not wishing to see them get thrown away，decided to turn them into soup 6 the soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and clara now produces ten different varietiesshe spent much of the summer traveling up and down to london by rail，doing presentations of the soupsas a result，they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class london stores 23paragraph 2_a_ 24paragraph 3_f_ 25paragraph 4_e_ 26paragraph 5_b_ a professional recognition承认 is obtained得到专家认可。the business of the darlingtons shop was successful.bensuring that nothing gets wastedctime well spent is rewarded da necessary alternative to farming econtinuing investment in high standardsfprofessional skills are exploited开发 27bob an clara darlington established a shop to_ csell fresh vegetables _ 28apart from quality fruit and vegetables，the couple_doffer a variety of prepared meals _ 29instead of throwing the damaged vegetables away，the couple_ f_ turn them into soup _ _ 30clara spent much of the summer going to london to_ apromote her soups_ apromote her soupsbsell as much as possiblecsell fresh vegetables doffer a variety of prepared meals efill a gap in the marketfturn them into soup 不浪费，自丰足 鲍勃和克拉拉达灵顿在英格兰的北部拥有并经营着一家农场，他们总是寻找新方法以便从种植的农产品上赚钱。当他们在自家农场上建立了一家商店后，他们的成功接踵而至，这样人们能直接到他们那里买到新鲜的蔬菜。 生意很快就取得了成功，很快地，他们的商店在一场农场零售协会举办的比赛中获得最高分，成为全英格兰最好的农场商店。协会的检查员发现达灵顿的商店提供卓越的服务和质优价廉的水果和蔬菜。 克拉拉达灵顿也是一位训练有素的厨师，除了自家农场种的食物和本地出产的农产品外，她开始在农家厨房提供各式各样自己烹调的食物。不久，她在农场的商店旁又开了一家小咖啡馆，游客能够品尝到菜单中列出的所有菜肴。 克拉拉承认创业是昂贵的，并且她一直很努力。但是，如果新产品好，公众就会意识到这一点并购买它。不管顾客是来买一片面包，或者要整桌的宴会菜，我的目标都是为他们提供最优质的产品。如果人们把我做的一个菜品带回家，假装是他们自己做的，让家人或是朋友品尝，我会把这视为对自己的褒奖。 所以，这对夫妇意识到农场上那些畸形的或是被弄坏的剩余蔬菜不适合在商店出售。克拉拉不愿意看到它们被浪费掉，于是决定把它们做成汤。 这种汤很快受到客户的青睐。克拉拉现在提供十个不同种类的汤。她夏天的大部分时间都在乘坐火车沿着伦敦来回旅行，以展示自己做的蔬菜汤。结果，现在这些汤上了三家公司旗下的一流铁路餐厅的餐桌，一些伦敦高级商店也有它的存货。 第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分) i know just how you feel do you feel sad? happy? angry? you may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. well, think again. even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to mind reading, a dvd displaying every possible human emotion. it demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel: the first visual dictionary of the human heart.attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s,when darwin divided the emotions into six types anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. _ bhe said that the expression of theses feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone，from any culture b _(46) every other feeling was thought to derive from darwins small group. more complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. but now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. _ fwe thought of trying to describe each emotion but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this _(47)the mind reading dvd is a systematic visual recode of these expressions.the project was conceived by a cambridge professor as an aid for people with autism(孤独症), who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotionbut it quickly became apparent that it had broader usesactors and teachers, for example, need to understand a wide range of expressions. the professor and his research team first had to define an “emotion”_ e they decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by i feel or he looks she sounds_(48)using this definition，1，512 emotion terms were identified and discussed. this list was eventually reduced to 412, from “afraid” to “wanting”.once the emotions were defined and classifieda dvd seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display themin mind reading，each expressions is acted out by six different actors in three seconds _ aany other method of showing all the 412 emotions，such as words，would have been far less effective_(49)the explanation for this is simple：we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words，but we instantly recognize one when we see it on someones faceit was really clear when the actors had got it right，says cathy collis，who directed the dvdalthough they were given some direction，” says ms cathy collis, “the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move. _ dthese particular muscles are difficult to control，and few people can do it _(50) for example，when someone feels contempt，you cant say for certain that their eyebrows always go downsomeone who has tried to establish such rules is the american professor paul ekmanwho has built a database of how the face moves for every emotionthe face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called action unitsthese can be combined into more than 10000 visible facial shapesekman has written out a paper of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion aany other method of showing all the 412 emotions，such as words，would have been far less effectivebhe said that the expression of theses feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone，from any culture cresearch has also been done to find out which areas of the brain read the emotional expressions dthese particular muscles are difficult to control，and few people can do it e they decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by i feel or he looks she soundsfwe thought of trying to describe each emotion but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this 我懂你的心 你觉得难过？快乐吗？生气吗？你可能认为你表达这些情感的方式是独一无二的。哦，再想想吧。头脑阅读仪，是一种可以显示人类每一种可能的情绪的dvd，即使是最为私密的个人感情也可进行分类。这种仪器可以准确地展示我们412种不同的表情，它是第一部可以感受人类内心活动的可视字典。 人们在十九世纪中期开始尝试对表情进行分类，那时达尔文把人的表情划分为六种类型-愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、厌恶、惊喜和快乐。他表示这种感情的表达普遍存在，可以在任何人和任何文化中找到。其他不同的感觉被议为可以归于达尔文的分类。更复杂的情感表达或许是后天学习的，因此在不同的文化中具有自己的特色。但是现在看来，更多的面部表情是人类共享的。人们做了研究以期发现由大脑的哪个区域读取表情。头脑阅读dvd是一种系统的视觉表情的记录仪。 该项目由剑桥大学的教授构想，它是对自闭症患者，即在阅读和表达情绪方面有困难的人的一种辅助治疗。但是很显然不久它有了更为广泛的用途。比如，演员和老师们需要了解大量不同的表情。这位教授和他的研究小组先得定义一个表情，因为我们试图想要描述每种情感，但要搞清楚其中的规律几乎是不可能的。用这种界定方式，1512种情感被进行了界定和讨论。最终，这个列表被减少到从害怕到希望共412种表情。 一旦这些情绪被定义和归类，dvd似乎是最为清晰、最快捷的展示它们的方式。在头脑阅读仪中，每种表情都由6个不同的演员在三秒内表演出来。要展示412种表情，其他任何方法远没有它有效。原因很简单：我们发现很难用语言来形容感情，但是当它们在某人的脸部出现时我们会立刻辨认出来。很明显，演员的表演是到位的，dvd的导演凯西科利说到。虽然给了他们一些指示，但并没有告诉演员他们应该动用面部的哪快肌肉。科利斯女士补充说。这些特殊的肌肉难以控制，只有少数人才能做到这一点。例如，当有人感到不屑一顾时，你不能确定他们的眉毛总是向下撇。 美国人保罗埃克曼教授试图建立这样的规则，他创建了一个数据库，描述表达每个情感时面部的变化。人的脸部可以做出43种截然不同的叫做行动单位的肌肉运动。这些能被组合成超过10000种可见的面部形态。埃克曼教授已经编写出面部肌肉的运动模式来代表每个情感。 55 15 70第6部分：完形填空(第5165题，每题1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 racial prejudice in some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned. there are countries _ (51) the white man imposes his rude by brute (粗暴) force; there are countries where the black man protests by _(52) fire to cities and by looting and pillaging(抢夺). important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in_(53) of violence as if it were a legitimate (合法的) solution, _(54) any other. what is really frightening, what really _(55) you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch(关键时刻), we have made no actual _(56) at all. we may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. the whole of the recorded _(57) of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. we have still not learnt that_(58) never solves a problem but makes it more acute. the sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering _(59) nothing. no solution ever comes to _(60) the morning after when we dismally(阴郁地) contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us. the truly reasonable men who _(61) where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. they are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted _(62) their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as low enforcement. if half the energy that goes into _(63) acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at_(64) up the slums and ghettos (贫民窟), at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would not have gone a long way to _(65) at a solution. 第十三篇：racial prejudice(a级)in some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned. there are countries _1_ the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by _2_ fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be _3_ men, get up and calmly argue _4_ violence as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. what is really frightening, what really fills you _5_ despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress _6_. we may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. the whole of the _7_ history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. we have still not learnt that violence never _8_ a problem but makes it more acute. the sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering _9_ nothing. no solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder _10_ hit us.the truly reasonable men who know where the solutions _11_ are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. they are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own _12_ because they advoca