光伏单晶硅项目可行性研究报告.doc

later a neighbour told me about him. everybody knows him. his name is percy buttons. he calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.lesson 7 too late 为时太晚 the plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. they were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from south africa. a few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. when the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the customs house. while two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. to their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!lesson 8 the best and the worst 最好的和最差的joe sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. nearly everybody enters for the nicest garden competition each year, but joe wins every time. bill friths garden is larger than joes. bill works harder than joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but joes garden is more interesting. he has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. i like gardens too, but i do not like hard work. every year i enter for the garden competition too, and i always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!lesson 9 a cold welcome 冷遇on wednesday evening, we went to the town hall. it was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the town hall clock. it would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. the big minute hand did not move. we waited and waited, but nothing happened. suddenly someone shouted, its two minutes past twelve! the clock has stopped! i looked at my watch. it was true. the big clock refused to welcome the new year. at that moment everybody began to laugh and sing.lesson 10 not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐we have an old musical instrument. it is called a clavichord(翼琴). it was made in germany in 1681. our clavichord is kept in the living-room. it has belong to our family for a long time. the instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. recently it was damaged by a visitor. she tried to play jazz on it! she struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. my father was shocked. now we are not allowed to touch it. it is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.lesson 11 one good turn deserves another 礼尚往来i was having dinner at a restaurant when harry steele came in. harry worked in a lawyers office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. he gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. harry saw me and came and sat at the same table. he has never borrowed money from me. while he was eating, i asked him to lend me &2. to my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. i have never borrowed any money from you, harry said, so now you can pay for my dinner!lesson 12 goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风our ncighbour, captain charles alison, will sail from portsmouth tomorrow. we shall meet him at the harbour early in the morning. he will be in his small boat, topsail.tapsail is a famous little boat. it has sailed across the atlantic many times. captain alison will set out at eight oclock so we shall have plenty of time. we shall see his boat and then we shall say good-bye to him. he will be away for two months. we are very proud of him. he will take part in an important race across the atlantic.lesson 13 the greenwood boys 绿林少年the greenwood boys are a group of popular singers. at present, they are visiting all parts of the country. they will be arriving here tomorrow. they will be coming by train and most of the youngpeople in the town will be meeting them at the station. tomorrow evening they will be singing at the workers club. the greenwood boys will be staying for five days. during this time, they will give five performances. as usual, the police will have a difficult time. they will be trying to keep order. it is always the same on these occasions.lesson 14 do you speak english? 你会讲英语吗？i had an amusing experience last year. after i had left a small village in the south of france, i drove on to the next town. on the way, a young man waved to me. i stopped and he asked me for a lift. as soon as he had got into the car, i said good morning to him in french and he replied in the same language. apart from a few words, i do not know any french at all. neither of us spoke during the journey. i had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, do you speak english? as i soon learnt, he was english himself!lesson 15 good news 佳音 the secretary told me that mr. harmsworth would see me. i felt very nervous when. i went into his office. he did not look up from his desk when i entered. after i had sat down, he said that business was very bad. he told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. twenty people had already left. i knew that my turn had come. mr. harmsworth, i said in a weak voice. dont interrupt, he said. then he smiled and told me i would receive an extra &100 a year!lesson 16 a polite request 彬彬有礼的要求if you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. you will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. however, this does not always happen. traffic police are sometimes very polite. during a holiday in sweden, i found this note on my car: sir, we welcome you to our city. this is a no parking area. you will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. this note is only a reminder. if you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!lesson 17 always young 青年常驻my aunt jennifer is an actress. she must be at least thirty-five years old. in spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. this time, she will be a girl of seventeen. in the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. if anyone ever asked her how old she is, she always answers, my dear, it must be terrible to be grown up!lesson18 he often does this! 他经常干这种事！after i had had lunch at a village inn, i looked for my bag. i had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasnt there ! as i was looking for it, the inn-keeper came in. did you have a good meal ? he asked. yes, thank you, i answered, but i cant pay the bill. i havent got my bag. the inn-keeper smiled and immediately went out. in a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. im very sorry, he said my dog had taken it into the garden. he often does this.lesson19 sold out 票已售完the play may begin at any moment, i said. it may have begun already, susan answered.i hurried to the ticket-office. may i have two tickets please ? i asked.im sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.what a pity! susan exclaimed.just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.can i return these two tickets? he asked.certainly, the girl said.could i have those two tickets please ? i asked.certainly, the girl said, but they are for next wednesdays performance.i might as well have them, i said sadly.lesson20 one man in a boat 独坐孤舟fishing is my favourite sport. i often fish for hours without catching anything. but this does not worry me. some fishermen are unlucky. instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. i am even less lucky. i never catch anything-not even old boots. after having spent whole mornings on the river, i always go home with an empty bag. you must give up fishing! my friends say. its a waste of time. but they dont realize one important thing. im not really interested in fishing. i am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !lesson21 mad or not? 是不是疯了？aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. i live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. the airport was built during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. last year, however, it came into use. over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. i am one of the few people left. sometimes i think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. i have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but i am determined to stay here. everybody says i must be mad and they are probably right.lesson22 a glass envelope 玻璃信封my daughter, jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in holland. last year, we were travelling across the channel and jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. she threw the bottle into the sea. she never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in holland. both girls write to each other regularly now. however, they have decided to use the post-office. letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. lesson23 a new house 新居i had a letter from my sister yesterday. she lives in nigeria. in her letter, she said that she would come to england next year. if she comes, she will get a surprise. we are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. work on it had begun before my sister left. the house was completed five months ago. in my letter, i told her that she could stay with us. the house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. it is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. it must be the only modern house in the district.lesson24 it could be worse 不幸中之万幸i entered the hotel managers office and sat down. i had just lost &50 and i felt very upset. i left the money in my room, i said, and its not there now. the manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. everyones losing money these days, he said. he started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. a girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. it contained &5o. i found this outside this gentlemans room she said. well, i said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world !lesson25 do the english speak english? 英国人讲的是英语吗？i arrived in london at last. the railway station was big, black and dark. i did not know the way to my hotel, so i asked a porter. i not only spoke english very carefully, but very clearly as well. the porter, however, could not understand me; i repeated my question several times and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. i am a foreigner, i said. then he spoke slowly, but i could not understand him. my teacher never spoke english like that! the porter and i looked at each other and smiled. then he said something and i understood it. youll soon learn english! he said. i wonder. in england, each man speaks a different language. the english understand each other, but i dont understand them ! do they speak english ?lesson26 the best art critics 最佳美术评论家i am an art student and i paint a lot of pictures. many people pretend that they understand modern art. they always tell you what a picture is about. of course, many pictures arc not about anything. they are just pretty patterns. we like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. i think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. they notice more. my sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. she came into my room yesterday. what are you doing ? she asked. im hanging this picture on the wall, i answered. its a new one. do you like it ? she looked at it critically for a moment. its all right, she said, but isnt it upside-down ? i looked at it again. she was right! it was!lesson27 a wet night 雨夜late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. as soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. they were all hungry and the food smelt good. after a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. but some time later it began to rain. the boys felt tired so they pet out the fire and crept into their tent. their sleeping-bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. in the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. the tent was full of water! they all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and hurried outside. it was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. the stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!lesson28 no parking 禁止停车jasper white is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. he has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with motorists. when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. jasper has put up no parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. it is one of the ugliest faces i have ever seen. i asked him what it was and he told me that it was medusa, the gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn motorists to stone. but none of them has been turned to stone yet!lesson29 taxi! 出租汽车！captain ben fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. the taxi is a small swiss aeroplane called a pilatus porter. this wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. the most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. captain fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from birmingham to a lonely village in the welsh mountains. since then, captain fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. captain fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. the man wanted to fly to rockall, a lonely island in the atlantic ocean, but captain fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.lesson30 football or polo? 足太阳能光伏新能源产业年产200t单晶硅及1200万片单晶硅切片生产线项目可行性报告书单晶硅项目可行性报告书本资料仅供投资参考2010年03月作成目 录第一章 总论.1第二章 企业基本情况. 8第三章 市场预测和产品方案.10第四章 物料供应及生产协作.20第五章 工程技术方案.21第六章 建设条件、厂址方案及公用设施.35第七章 环境保护、职业安全卫生及消防.45第八章 节能. 56第九章 企业组织和劳动定员. 58第十章 项目实施进度建议.59第十一章 投资估算及资金筹措.60第十二章 财务评价.63附表:1.引进设备清单2.国产设备清单3.相关财务报表 4.总平面布置图第一章 总 论1.1项目概况项目名称：*有限公司年产200t单晶硅及1200万片单晶硅切片生产线项目新建企业名称：*有限公司项目负责人：*项目建设地点：*1.2项目提出的背景硅是地球上储藏最丰富的材料之一，从19世纪科学家们发现了晶体硅的半导体特性后，它几乎改变了一切，甚至人类的思维。直到上世纪60年代开始，硅材料就取代了原有锗材料。硅材料因其具有耐高温和抗辐射性能较好，特别适宜制作大功率器件的特性而成为应用最多的一种半导体材料，目前的集成电路半导体器件大多数是用硅材料制造的。现在，我们的生活中处处可见“硅”的身影和作用，晶体硅太阳能电池是近15年来形成产业化最快的。熔融的单质硅在凝固时硅原子以金刚石晶格排列成许多晶核，如果这些晶核长成晶面取向相同的晶粒，则这些晶粒平行结合起来便结晶成单晶硅。单晶硅的制法通常是先制得多晶硅或无定形硅，然后用直拉法或悬浮区熔法从熔体中生长出棒状单晶硅。 单晶硅棒是生产单晶硅片的原材料，随着国内和国际市场对单晶硅片需求量的快速增加，单晶硅棒的市场需求也呈快速增长的趋势。单晶硅圆片按其直径分为6英寸、8英寸、12英寸（300毫米）及18英寸（450毫米）等。直径越大的圆片，所能刻制的集成电路越多，芯片的成本也就越低。但大尺寸晶片对材料和技术的要求也越高。单晶硅按晶体生长方法的不同，分为直拉法（cz）、区熔法（fz）和外延法。直拉法、区熔法生长单晶硅棒材，外延法生长单晶硅薄膜。直拉法生长的单晶硅主要用于半导体集成电路、二极管、外延片衬底、太阳能电池。目前晶体直径可控制在38英寸。区熔法单晶主要用于高压大功率可控整流器件领域，广泛用于大功率输变电、电力机车、整流、变频、机电一体化、节能灯、电视机等系列产品。目前晶体直径可控制在36英寸。外延片主要用于集成电路领域。 由于成本和性能的原因，直拉法（cz）单晶硅材料应用最广。在ic工业中所用的材料主要是cz抛光片和外延片。存储器电路通常使用cz抛光片，因成本较低。逻辑电路一般使用价格较高的外延片，因其在ic制造中有更好的适用性并具有消除latchup的能力。单晶硅也称硅单晶，是电子信息材料中最基础性材料，属半导体材料类。单晶硅已渗透到国民经济和国防科技中各个领域，当今全球超过2000亿美元的电子通信半导体市场中95%以上的半导体器件及99%以上的集成电路用硅。高纯的单晶硅棒是单晶硅太阳电池的原料，硅纯度要求99.999。单晶硅太阳电池是当前开发得最快的一种太阳电池，它的构和生产工艺已定型，产品已广泛用于空间和地面。为了降低生产成本，现在地面应用的太阳电池等采用太阳能级的单晶硅棒，材料性能指标有所放宽。有的也可使用半导体器件加工的头尾料和废次单晶硅材料，经过复拉制成太阳电池专用的单晶硅棒。 单晶硅是转化太阳能、电能的主要材料。在日常生活里，单晶硅可以说无处不在，电视、电脑、冰箱、电话、汽车等等，处处离不开单晶硅材料；在高科技领域，航天飞机、宇宙飞船、人造卫星的制造，单晶硅同样是必不可少的原材料。在科学技术飞速发展的今天，利用单晶硅所生产的太阳能电池可以直接把太阳能转化为光能，实现了迈向绿色能源革命的开始。现在，国外的太阳能光伏电站已经到了理论成熟阶段，正在向实际应用阶段过渡，太阳能单晶硅的利用将普及到全世界范围，市场需求量不言而喻。1.3可行性研究依据及范围1.3.1 研究依据(1)*有限公司委托知名工程设计研究院进行该项目可行性研究的合同。 (2)*有限公司提供的有关基础资料。其中包括:企业基本情况、项目工艺流程、引进及国产设备情况、财务核算依据、项目建设地基本情况等。(3)国家信息产业相关政策。1.3.2 研究范围 根据上述文件要求，本报告对*有限公司年产200t单晶硅及1200万片单晶硅切片生产线项目进行分析研究，内容包括产品方案、生产规模、市场需求、工程技术方案、环境保护、投资估算和资金筹措、经济效益分析等。1.4项目的目标和主要内容1.4.1项目的目标 项目将形成年产200t单晶硅及1200万片单晶硅切片的生产规模。达产后，年销售收入66000万元；增值税2247万元，所得税1742万元，利润总额为6970万元。1.4.2 项目的主要内容 (1)项目将根据年产200t单晶硅及1200万片单晶硅切片的生产规模，利用已有厂房及公用辅助设施，引进具有国际先进水平的切片机、切方机及硅片检测设备；购置热场、碳毡、石英坩锅、直拉式单晶炉、单晶硅带锯床等国产设备。(2)厂区内供电、供水等公用配套设施和生活设施的改造及建设。(3)贯彻环境保护“三同时”、职业安全卫生和节能原则。1.5 总投资及资金来源固定资产总投资：本次投资固定资产总额为10500万元，其中；设备及安装工程: 9559万元（540万美元）；建设期利息 120万元；其他费用:821万元。项目总投资：13000万元(含铺底流动资金2500万元)。流动资金：8000万元(含铺底流动资金2500万元)。资金来源：固定资产投资由企业自筹6000万元，或银行贷款4500万元。流动资金银行贷款5500万元，企业自筹2500万元。1.6 研究的主要结果经可行性研究其结论性结果为：(1)在国务院批转国家发改委产业结构调整指导目录(2005年本)鼓励类第二十四条中信息产业第38条为：6英寸及以上单晶硅、多晶硅及晶片制造。充分说明本项目是国家产业政策重点支持和鼓励发展的。(2)本项目拟引进的切片机、切方机及硅片检测设备技术先进、自动化程度高、监测手段完备，是目前国际上最先进的单晶硅片制造设备。国产设备选用也以先进、高效、环保、节能为原则。(3)项目产品单晶硅片是光伏产业的关键材料，国内外市场潜力巨大。 (4)本项目将根据年产200t单晶硅及1200万片单晶硅切片的生产规模，利用已有厂房进行工艺设备布置，使工艺流程合理、物流通畅，可做到上马快，见效快。(5)项目重