Advanced English【备课、论文类资源】℉.ppt

book one unit 1 the middle eastern bazaar the middle eastern bazaar pre-readingwhile-reading post-reading background information writing style macro-structure words crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy. nsingular use of eye and ear indicates ones power of sight and hearing/ having a due sense of/ be a good judge of. nhe has a good eye for beauty. nthe boy has a sharp eye. (overlooks nothing) nthe big poster caught my eye. nthe view was pleasing to the eye. nkeep an eye on that man. nturn a blind eye/ a deaf ear to sth/sb. nshe has an ear for music (sensitive). ncompound eyes （昆虫的）复眼 nthe naked eye neyes, front! neyes left right! extend: to extend ones business to extend a railway to extend a school building to extend ones power and influence into to extend ones visit for a few days more to extend ones business to extend a railway to extend a school building to extend ones power and influence into to extend ones visit for a few days more extended family: a family which extends beyond the nuclear family, 1. cause to cover a wider area; make larger. 2. cause to last longer. 3. hold out toward sb. thread ones way: move carefully or skillfully in and out of obstacles narrow: in the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes. the river narrows at this point. they narrowed the search for the missing boy down to five streets near the school. she looked far into the shadowy distance, her eyes narrowed, a hand on the eyebrows to prevent the glare. throng: a great many people assembled together (cf. crowd) (throng differs from “crowd in that it carries a stronger implication of movement and of pushing and a weaker implication of density.) conceivable: that can be conceived, imagined, thought of people of every conceivable buildings of every conceivable conceive v. 1）to imagine sth (to conceive of sth as sth) e.g. god is often conceived of as male. 2）to form an idea e.g. he conceived the idea of repairing the car. 3）to conceive a child= to be pregnant para2: penetrate into, fades away, the muted cloth- market, the earthen floor, deadens the sound, speak in measured tones, be overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit penetrate: to enter, pass, cut, or force a way into or through. the word suggests force, a compelling power to make entrance and also resistance in the medium. the bullet can penetrate a wall. rainwater has penetrated through the roof of my house. fade: to lose strength, color, freshness, etc. color cloth often fades when it is washed. the light faded as the sun went down. fade away: go slowly out of hearing, gradually disappearing the farther you push / force your way into the bazaar, the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears. then you arrive at the cloth market where the sound is hardly audible. the sound of the footsteps faded away. the noise of the airplane faded away. overwhelm: overcome, control completely and usu. suddenly the enemy were overwhelmed by superior forces. sorrow overwhelmed the family. she was overwhelmed with grief they won an overwhelming victory / majority. follow suit: to do the same as one else has, to play / to deal the cards of the same suits (in poker, there two red suits, and two black suits. they are hearts, diamonds, spades, clubs, jokers, aces, kings, queens and jacks (knaves). when the others went swimming, i followed suit. he went to bed and i followed suit after a few minutes. measured: calm, without unnecessary excitement or noise; steady, slow and deliberate; rhythmical e.g. speak in measured terms her response to the furor over her new book was calm and measured. she walked downs the hall with measured steps. para3-4 deal in the goods, scatter sb/sth over sp., form a close-knit guild against, line the roadway on both sides, for display, the order of , the veiled women, at a leisurely pace, do a preliminary bargaining, narrow down, beat the price down a point of honour to do., price the item high, make a point of doing, deprive sb. of sth., personal regard for sb., at intervals display, exhibit, demonstrate, show off the peacock displayed its fine feathers. display bravery / fear / true feelings / no sign of emotion be too fond of display = show off display flight foreign cars on display exhibit: to show in public, as for sale, or in a competition (object, sometimes of an understood type) to exhibit the paintings / flowers / new cars they began to exhibit signs of fear / guilt. demonstrate 1. to show clearly; 2. to prove or make clear, esp by reasoning or giving many examples; 3. to show the value or use of, esp to a possible buyer; 4. to arrange or take part in a public show of strong feeling or opinion, often with marching, big signs, etc e.g. please demonstrate how the machine works. she demonstrated that 2 and 2 are 4. the order of the day: the normal way of doing things; that which is of the greatest general interest at a p. time; prevailing state of things. a point of honor (conscience): sth. of vital importance to ones honor or conscience; to ones self-respect make a point of: regard or treat it as necessary; try ones best to insist on doing sth. he always makes a point of being where he should be at the exact time arranged.（be punctual) to realize our goal of the four modernizations, we make a point of learning the strong points of all nations, learning all that genuinely good in the political, scientific and technical fields and in art and literature. the teachers make a point of making strict demands on the students. tourists to beijing make a point of visiting the great wall. paraphrase 1. little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people： 2. then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth- market: 3. they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down: the donkeys went in and out among the crowded people and from one side to another. when you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise gradually disappear and you come to the soundless cloth market. they reduce the number of their choices and begin bargain with the seller, causing the seller to lower price. 6. one of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths market. as you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. it grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers . in each shop sit the apprentices boys and youths, some of them incredibly young hammering away at copper vessels of all shapes and sizes, while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. in the background, a tiny apprentice blows a bi-, charcoal fir e with a huge leather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toe - the red of the live coals glowing, bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows. impinge on/upon: to have a noticeable effect on sth/sb. esp. a bad one,annoying,disturbing i heard the rain impinge upon the earth. the strong light impinge on his eyes. the noise of the aeroplane overhead impinged on our ears. he never allowed his work to impinge on his private life. hammer away at sth: work hard to achieve a pun away: continuously, constantly so little hans worked away in his garden. he was laughing (grumbling) away all afternoon. under the hammer: to be sold at sanction 拍卖 hammer sth home: to emphasize sth and make it understood take a hand (in): help, play a part in if the strike continues, the government will have to take a hand in the negotiations. frank always takes a hand in the washing-up after dinner. be (very much) attached to: be fond of; be bound to by love or affection he attached himself to the group of climbers. his firm attached him to the sales division of the business. no blame/guilt attaches to him for the accident. she is deeply attached to her younger brother. he is foolishly attached to old customs. aid with no conditions attached a bedroom with a bathroom attached attach: (fr.) a person who is employed to help the representative (ambassador) of one country in another country stroke: single movement, which is repeated (esp. in a sport or game) she cant swim but has made a few strokes with her arms. backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, freestyle, medley 仰泳，蛙泳，蝶泳，自由泳，混合泳 here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engrave with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or the simple, everyday kitchenware used in this country, pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional. elsewhere there is the carpet-market, with its profusion of rich colours, varied textures and regional designs - some bold and simple, others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious (translation). then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells; and the food-market, where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. the dye- market, the pottery-market and the carpenters market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai , where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them. translation 在这里，你会看到许多精美的锅碗瓢盆，上面雕刻着 各种精细复杂的传统图案，也能看到一些当地人日常 使用的质朴无华的厨房用具，虽无花纹图案，但造形 美观，经济实用。 再走一处便是地毯市场。 这儿有各种质地的地毯，它们色彩斑炯，花纹图案富 有地方特色有的简单粗犷，有的精巧和谐得令人 吃惊。 directions: translate the following paragraph into english. 在17世纪和18世纪，中国的艺术、建筑和哲学在西方 很受欣赏。此外，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器在西方也备受 欣赏，并在一定程度上改变了许多西方的生活方式。进入 20世纪后期，西方人再次转向中国文化。他们除了喜欢 中国菜肴外，还学习汉语，尝试中国医药，练习中国武术 ，观看功夫电影。 exercises: 参考译文： during the 17th and 18th centuries, chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quite appreciated in the west. in addition, chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmly welcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. in the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on chinese culture again. besides enjoying chinese food, they learned chinese, tried out chinese medicine and herbs, watched gongfu films. para8-9 apart from, vast, massive, constantly, the motive power, to extract the oil, ramshackle apparatus, tower to, dwarf sb., climb up nimbly, throw his weight on to sth, set sth in motion, a used petrol huge, vast, massive huge: rather general term indicating extreme largeness, usu. in size, shape, or capacity a whale or an elephant is a huge animal. the huge rocket towered high above the buildings around it. she spent a huge amount of money on that coat. vast: denotes extreme largeness or broadness, esp. of extent or range the sahara is a vast desert. the vast plains of the country spread for hundreds of miles. a billion dollars is a vast amount of money. massive implies weighty, huge and strong the camel is muscular, massive and stately. glitter, flash, glisten glisten: (esp. of wet of polished surface, tear-filled eyes) shine brightly, sparkle his eyes glistened with tears. her hair glistens with oil. glistening dew-drops flash: it implies a sudden outburst of light or a sudden display of sth. that brilliantly reflects light. lightening flashed in the sky. the light on top of the police car was flashing. a brilliant idea flashed through his mind. a flash of hope / genius glitter: connotes greater brilliancy or showiness than sparkle, sometimes with the implication of sth. sinister all is not gold that glitters. translation 这套装置是由一个人操作的。他先将亚麻籽浆 铲入一只大石缸里，继而动作利索地爬上令人 头晕目眩的高处系牢缆索，然后全身使劲压在 一根用树干做成的粗大的横梁上，带动缆索的 滑轮装置运转。古木大梁压得嘎吱作响，缆索 开始绷紧，接着便见一滴滴的油沿着一条石槽 流入一只废旧汽油桶里。随着大梁越压越低， 缆索越绷越紧，大梁的嘎吱声，石磙的辘辘声 ，以及骆驼不时发出的咕噜咕噜的呼吸声和叹 息声响成一片，榨出的油也很快地由涓滴细流 变成了一股晶莹发亮、奔腾不止的洪流。 rhetoric metaphor simile personification hyperbole onomatopoeia rhetoric metaphor abbr. met., that ordinarily one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in “a sea of troubles” dark cavern, fairyland, maze, honeycomb, etc form a closely knit guild. a vast sombre cavern of a room simile two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in “how like the winter hath my absence been” or “so are you to my thoughts as food to life” (shakespeare). rhetoric personification: inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form, “ hunger sat shivering on the road” “ flowers danced about the lawn”. the middle easter bazaar takes you. dancing flashes the beam sinkstaut and protesting rhetoric hyperbole exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect, “ i could sleep for a year” “ this book weighs a ton”. takes you .hundreds even thousands of years every conceivable, innumerable lamps, incredibly young, with the dust of centuries rhetoric onomatopoeia the formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to creak, squeak, rumble, grunt, sigh, groan, etc. tinkling, banging, clashing the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding wheels and the grunts and sighs of the camels exercises 合成词(compound) 1. adj+n+ed: kind-hearted, warm-hearted, cold-blooded,strong- winded. 2.v-ing+n: waiting-room, dining-hall, dancing-eoom, smiling- face. 3.v+ed+n: limped-goat, blinded-man, broken-heart),lost-child( 迷途的儿童),dicarded-child(弃婴) discarded-baby, etc. 4. adv+v+ed: well-colored,well-versed, well-educated, fair- treated,etc. 5. adv+and+adv: out+and+out(彻头彻尾), down+and +out (落魄的),etc. 6. other froms: a three-year-old boy, the would-be customer, a yes-or-no answer, the he-was-dead fact,etc. 1)a zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2)at the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3)i really dont know what it is that has made him so angry. 4)the newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. 5)beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6)they decided to buy that house with. a garage attached. exercises translation 7)the teachers make a point of being strict with the students. 8)this little girl is very much attached to her father. 9)to achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries. 10)as dusk fell, daylight faded away. 11)the apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit. 12)frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner. exercises additional exercises: i. 汉译英： 故乡的风筝时节，是春二月，倘听到沙 沙的风轮声，仰头便能看见一个淡墨色的蟹 风筝或嫩蓝色的蜈蚣风筝。还有寂寞的瓦片 风筝，没有风轮，又放得很低，伶仃地显出 憔悴可怜模样。但此时地上的杨柳已经发芽, 早的山桃也多吐蕾，和孩子们的天上的点缀 相照应，打成一片春日的温和。我现在在哪 里呢？四面都还是严冬的肃杀，而久经诀别 的故乡的久逝去的春天，却就在这天空中荡 漾了。 i i 英译汉： but there are some among us who are ready to give up when they come to a hard example in mathematics, and say, “i cant do this.” they never will if they feel so. “i cant never does anything worthwhile; but “ill try” accomplishes wonders. let us remember that we shall meet with difficulties all through life. they are in the pathway of everyone. if we will only try and keep trying, we shall be sure to conquer and overcome every difficulty we meet with. if we have a hard lesson today, let us strive to learn it well and then we shall be prepared for a harder one tomorrow.and if we learn to master hard lessons in school, it will prepare us to overcome the hard things that we shall meet in life, when our school days over. 参考译文：1. in my hometown, kites were flown in early spring. when you hear the whirring of