2014年职称英语考试 综合类B级 阅读理解必考题 字典版 重点预测标注版 正反打印【王霞押题】 .pdf

composercomposergermson 1 lifelife as a movie extra ordinarypeoplehavealwaysbeen attracted to the world of movies and movie stars. one way to get closer to this worldistobecomeamovieextra. although you have seen movie extras,you may not have paid attention to them. extras are the people seated at tables in a restaurant while the two main actors are in conversation. they are the guests at the wedding of the main characters. they are the people crossing the street while“ the bad guy” is being chased by the police. extras dont normally speak any lines,but they help make the scenes look real1. being a movie extra might seem like a lot of fun. you get to see what life is like behind the scenes. but dont forget that being an extra is really a job, and its mostly about doing nothing. first-time extras are often shocked to learn how slow the process of movie making is. in a finishedmovie,theactionmaymove quickly. but it can sometimes take a whole day to shoot a scene that appears for just a few minutes on the screen. the main requirement for being an extra is the ability to wait. you may report to work at 5 or 6 a. m. , and then you wait until the director is ready for your scene. this could take several hours. then there may be technical problems, and you have to wait some more. after the director says “action” and youdo the first “take” , you may have to do it again if he or she is not satisfied with the scene. in fact, you may have to do the same scene over and over again. you could be on the set for hours,sometimes waiting outdoors in very hot or cold weather2. you may not be nnished until 11 p. m. or midnight. the pay isnt good,either - often only a little bit above minimum wage. and you must pay the agent who gets you the job a commission of about 10 percent. so who would want to be a movie extra? in spite of the long hours and low pay, many people still apply for the job. some people truly enjoy the work. they like being on a movie set, and they enjoy the companionship of their fellow extras. most of them have flexible schedules, which allow them to be available3. they may be students, waiters, homemakers, retiredpeople, or unemployedactors. some unemployed actors hope the work will help them get real acting jobs, but it doesnt happen often. most people in the movie industry make a sharp distinction between extras and actors, so extras are not usually considered for large parts. the next time you see a movie , dont just watch the stars. take a closer look at the peopleinthebackground,andask composercomposergermson 2 yourself ： who are they? why are they there? what else do they do in life? maybe there is someone in the crowd who is just like you. 练习： l. what is true about movie extras? a） only agents get them jobs in movies. b） they often have to wait around on movie sets and do nothing. c） its a good way to get a real acting job. d） they can have drinks in a restaurant. 2. what might surprise movie extras the first time they do the job? a） it can take hours to do a scene that is only a few minutes long in the movie. b） they always do the same scene many times. c ）the actors are interested in talking to them. d） the action moves very quickly. 3. why do most people work as movie extras? a ）they like meeting famous movie stars. b） they think they will become famous. c） they want to be on a movie set. d） they will get real acting jobs. 4. what are the job requirements for being a movie extra? a） you have to have a part-time job. b） you must be attractive. c） you must be willing to repeat a scene many times. d） you must start working very early. 5. it can be inferred from the passage that. a） being a movie extra can be boring b） movie extras need acting experience c） movie extras can play larger parts d） movie actors are quite different from actors 答案与题解： 1.b本文的第三段详细叙述了群众 演员的主要工作要求是在拍摄现场等， 不用做事，所以答案为 b；第一段中描 述了群众演员的工作；他们是演员的陪 衬，不用讲话。虽然提到他们是在餐馆 里，但并没有提是硒可以喝饮料，所以 d 可以排除；a 中的 only 一词太笼统， 所以 a 不对；从第四段可以看出，从群 众演员到演员的转型是相当困难的，所 以 c 也不对。 2 a第二段中说明了令初做群众演 员感到吃惊的是：拍一个场景需要一整 天，而播放时只有几分钟。虽然 b、d 都有所提及， 但不是令他们吃惊的事情。 3 c虽然做群众演员耗时长而薪酬 低，但他们为什么还选择这一工作呢？ 答案在第四段：他们喜欢这份工作，愿 意与别的群众演员交流，他们自己的工 作时间有弹性。a 没有提到，b、d 不 太可能。 4 c做群众演员的条件是什么？在 composercomposergermson 3 第三段和第四段，我们可知：要有耐心 （长时间等待，一个场景有时要拍好多 次） ， 要肯吃苦 （在恶劣的户外环境中拍 戏） ，报酬低，工作时间有弹性。a、b 没有提到； 在第三段的第二句提到： you may report to work at 5 or 6 a. m.， 表明只 是有时会很早开始工作，不是每日必须 的，所以 d 不对。 5 a从本文对群众演员的工作描述 我们可以看出，群众演员只是演员的道 具，所以是乏味的。b 没有提到；据第 四段的最后一句，c 不对；第四段的最 后一句清楚表明，群众演员和真正的演 员差别很大，所以不是得出的推论，推 论是通过字里行间推出来的，不是给出 的陈述。 参考译文： 群众演员的人生 人们常常被电影和电影演员吸引，接近 他们的方式之一就是当群众演员。虽然 你见过群演员， 但可能从没注意过他们。 群众演员就是主角在餐厅对话时在后面 坐着的人，是主角举行婚礼时在现场的 客人，是“坏人”被警察追捕的时候过马 路的行人。 虽然群众演员通常没有台词， 但他们的存在使整个场景更真实。 当群众演员看上去很有意思，你可以看 到电影背后的情景。但是不要忘记群众 演员是一个职业，而这个职业常常意味 着无事可做。第一次当群众演员的人常 常会感到震惊：原来拍电影这么缓慢。 电影成品中的场景会播放的很快，但在 拍摄的时候，屏幕上几分钟的镜头可能 需要拍一整天。 对群众演员来说，主要的要求就是要有 耐心等待。可能告知你早晨五六点钟工 作，但你要一直等导演准备好你要出演 的一幕，可能一等就是几个小时。说不 定还会出现技术问题，那就要等更长的 时间。导演说“开始”之后，你开始演你 的第一场戏，要是导演不满意，你就要 重演一遍。实际上，一遍又一遍地重复 是常有的事。在拍摄现场，你可能一演 就是几个小时，有时还要一直待在很热 或很冷的环境中。工作可能会持续到晚 上十一二点。报酬也不是那么理想 很可能刚超过最低工资线，你还要从中 拿出约 lo%给向你提供工作的中介。 究竟哪些人会想当群众演员呢？虽然工 作时间长而报酬又低，但还是有很多人 乐意申请这份工作。有些人是真心喜欢 这份工作，他们喜欢出现在电影中，也 乐意同其他群众演员交，流。这些人中 大部分都是时间比较灵活的人，这样他 们就能腾出时间来演戏。他们有可能是 学生、服务生、家庭主妇、退休人员或 者是失业的演员。一部分找不到工作的 演员希望群众演员的工作能够帮助他们 找到一份正式的演出工作，但是希望很 渺茫。电影业里的人大都对群众演员和 正式演员有严格的区分，通常不会考虑 让群众演员出演大角色。 下次看电影的时候，别总是盯着影星， composercomposergermson 4 也看一下做背景的人，问问你自己：他 们是谁？什么在这里？在生活中他们做 些什么呢？也许在人群中，就有人过着 跟你相似的生活。 going her own way when she was twelve, maria made her first important decision about the course of her life. she decided that she wanted to continue her education. most girls from middle-class farmlies chose to stay home afterprimaryschool,thoughsome attendedprivatecatholic“finishing” schools. there they leamed a little about music, art, needlework, and how to make polite conversation. this was not the sort of education that interested maria - or her mother. by this time, she had begun to take her studies more seriously. she read constantlyandbroughtherbooks everywlvhere. one time she even brought her math book to the theater and tried to study in the dark. maria knew that she wanted to go on learning in a serious way.that meant attendingthepublichighschool, something that very few girls did. in italy at the time, there were two types of high schools： the “classical” schools and the “technical”schools.intheclassical schools, the students followed a very traditionalprogramofstudies,with courses in latin and greek language and literature,anditalianliteratureand history1. the few girls who continued studying afterprimary school usually chose these schools. maria,however,wantedtoattenda technical school. the technical schools were more modem than the classical schoolsandtheyofferedcoursesin modem languages, mathematics, science, andaccounting2.mostpeople- including marias father - believed that girls would never be able to understand these subjects.furthermore, they did not think it was proper for girls to study them. maria did not care if it was proper or not. math and science were the subjects that interested her most.but before she could sign up for the technical school, she had to win her fathers approval. she finally did, with her mothers help, though for many years after, there was tension in the family. marias father continued to oppose her plans, while her mother helped her. in 1883 ,at age thirteen,maria enteredthe“regiascuolatecnica vlichelangelo buonarroti” in rome. her experience at this school is difficult for us to imagine. though the courses included modem subjects, the teaching methods were very traditional. leaming consisted of memorizing long lists of facts and composercomposergermson 5 repeatingthembacktotheteacher. studentswerenotsupposedtoask questions or think for themselves in any way. teacherswereverydemanding, discipline in the classroom was strict, and punishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient. 练习： 1. maria wanted to attend. a）private“finishing”school b） school with latin and greek c）technicalhighschool d） school for art and music 2.inthosedays,mostitalian girls. a）wenttoclassicalschools b） went to “finishing” schools c ）didnotgotohighschool d） went to technical schools 3. youcaninferfromthispassage that. a） girls usually attended private primary schoolsb）only boys usually attended technical schools c ）girls did not iike going to school d） only girls attended classical schools 4. marias father probably. a） had very modern views about women b ）had very traditional views about women c ）had no opinion about women d） thought women could not leam latin 5. high school teachers in ltaly in those days were. a）verymodem b） very intelligent c）quitescientific d） quite strict 答案与题解： 1c本题的问题是：maria 想去个怎 样的学校？由文中第三段可明确得出结 论。“maria，however,wanted to attend a technical school.”a、b、d 项均有明 显错误。 2c本题的问题是：在当时的意大利 大多数女孩的选择是什么？由文中第一 段 可 知 “most girls from middle-class families chose to stay home after primary school，”所以本题的正确答案为 c。 3b本题为推理题，问题是：从全文 可以得出什么样的结论?a 选项未提及。 c 选项错误，原文只说大多数女孩子都 选择待在家里，并未说她们都不喜欢读 书。d 选项错误，原文只说就算是上学 的话大多数女孩子也都选择传统学校， 而并非只有女孩于才可以去。所以正确 答案为 b。 4b本题的问题是：maria 的父亲对 女性的态度是什么？由文中第三段倒数 第二句“most people - including marias father - believed that girls would never be able to understand these subjects.”可以得 出答案，父亲和大多数人一样都持传统 观念。 composercomposergerms