汽车碳纤维刹车衬片项目可行性分析报告.doc

ade a big decision. i got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. i spent the whole day in my room, but i did not write a single card !lesson 4 an exciting trip 激动人心的旅行i have just received a letter from my brother, tim. he is in australia. he has been there for six months. tim is an engineer. he is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in australia. he has just bought an australian car and has gone to alice springs, a small town in the centre of australia. he will soon visit darwin. from there, he will fly to perth. my brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.lesson 5 no wrong numbers 无错号之虞 mr james scott has a garage in silbury and now he has just bought another garage in pinhurst. pinhurst is only five miles from silbury, but mr scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from pinhurst to silbury. the bird covered the distance in three minutes. up to now, mr scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. in this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.lesson 6 percy buttons 珀西巴顿斯i have just moved to a house in bridge street. yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. he asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. in return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. i gave him a meal. he ate the food and drank the beer. then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. later a neighbour told me about him. everybody knows him. his name is percy buttons. he calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.lesson 7 too late 为时太晚 the plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. they were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from south africa. a few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. when the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the customs house. while two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. to their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!lesson 8 the best and the worst 最好的和最差的joe sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. nearly everybody enters for the nicest garden competition each year, but joe wins every time. bill friths garden is larger than joes. bill works harder than joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but joes garden is more interesting. he has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. i like gardens too, but i do not like hard work. every year i enter for the garden competition too, and i always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!lesson 9 a cold welcome 冷遇on wednesday evening, we went to the town hall. it was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the town hall clock. it would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. the big minute hand did not move. we waited and waited, but nothing happened. suddenly someone shouted, its two minutes past twelve! the clock has stopped! i looked at my watch. it was true. the big clock refused to welcome the new year. at that moment everybody began to laugh and sing.lesson 10 not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐we have an old musical instrument. it is called a clavichord(翼琴). it was made in germany in 1681. our clavichord is kept in the living-room. it has belong to our family for a long time. the instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. recently it was damaged by a visitor. she tried to play jazz on it! she struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. my father was shocked. now we are not allowed to touch it. it is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.lesson 11 one good turn deserves another 礼尚往来i was having dinner at a restaurant when harry steele came in. harry worked in a lawyers office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. he gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. harry saw me and came and sat at the same table. he has never borrowed money from me. while he was eating, i asked him to lend me &2. to my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. i have never borrowed any money from you, harry said, so now you can pay for my dinner!lesson 12 goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风our ncighbour, captain charles alison, will sail from portsmouth tomorrow. we shall meet him at the harbour early in the morning. he will be in his small boat, topsail.tapsail is a famous little boat. it has sailed across the atlantic many times. captain alison will set out at eight oclock so we shall have plenty of time. we shall see his boat and then we shall say good-bye to him. he will be away for two months. we are very proud of him. he will take part in an important race across the atlantic.lesson 13 the greenwood boys 绿林少年the greenwood boys are a group of popular singers. at present, they are visiting all parts of the country. they will be arriving here tomorrow. they will be coming by train and most of the youngpeople in the town will be meeting them at the station. tomorrow evening they will be singing at the workers club. the greenwood boys will be staying for five days. during this time, they will give five performances. as usual, the police will have a difficult time. they will be trying to keep order. it is always the same on these occasions.lesson 14 do you speak english? 你会讲英语吗？i had an amusing experience last year. after i had left a small village in the south of france, i drove on to the next town. on the way, a young man waved to me. i stopped and he asked me for a lift. as soon as he had got into the car, i said good morning to him in french and he replied in the same language. apart from a few words, i do not know any french at all. neither of us spoke during the journey. i had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, do you speak english? as i soon learnt, he was english himself!lesson 15 good news 佳音 the secretary told me that mr. harmsworth would see me. i felt very nervous when. i went into his office. he did not look up from his desk when i entered. after i had sat down, he said that business was very bad. he told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. twenty people had already left. i knew that my turn had come. mr. harmsworth, i said in a weak voice. dont interrupt, he said. then he smiled and told me i would receive an extra &100 a year!lesson 16 a polite request 彬彬有礼的要求if you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. you will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. however, this does not always happen. traffic police are sometimes very polite. during a holiday in sweden, i found this note on my car: sir, we welcome you to our city. this is a no parking area. you will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. this note is only a reminder. if you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!lesson 17 always young 青年常驻my aunt jennifer is an actress. she must be at least thirty-five years old. in spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. this time, she will be a girl of seventeen. in the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. if anyone ever asked her how old she is, she always answers, my dear, it must be terrible to be grown up!lesson18 he often does this! 他经常干这种事！after i had had lunch at a village inn, i looked for my bag. i had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasnt there ! as i was looking for it, the inn-keeper came in. did you have a good meal ? he asked. yes, thank you, i answered, but i cant pay the bill. i havent got my bag. the inn-keeper smiled and immediately went out. in a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. im very sorry, he said my dog had taken it into the garden. he often does this.lesson19 sold out 票已售完the play may begin at any moment, i said. it may have begun already, susan answered.i hurried to the ticket-office. may i have two tickets please ? i asked.im sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.what a pity! susan exclaimed.just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.can i return these two tickets? he asked.certainly, the girl said.could i have those two tickets please ? i asked.certainly, the girl said, but they are for next wednesdays performance.i might as well have them, i said sadly.lesson20 one man in a boat 独坐孤舟fishing is my favourite sport. i often fish for hours without catching anything. but this does not worry me. some fishermen are unlucky. instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. i am even less lucky. i never catch anything-not even old boots. after having spent whole mornings on the river, i always go home with an empty bag. you must give up fishing! my friends say. its a waste of time. but they dont realize one important thing. im not really interested in fishing. i am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !lesson21 mad or not? 是不是疯了？aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. i live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. the airport was built during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. last year, however, it came into use. over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. i am one of the few people left. sometimes i think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. i have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but i am determined to stay here. everybody says i must be mad and they are probably right.lesson22 a glass envelope 玻璃信封my daughter, jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in holland. last year, we were travelling across the channel and jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. she threw the bottle into the sea. she never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in holland. both girls write to each other regularly now. however, they have decided to use the post-office. letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. lesson23 a new house 新居i had a letter from my sister yesterday. she lives in nigeria. in her letter, she said that she would come to england next year. if she comes, she will get a surprise. we are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. work on it had begun before my sister left. the house was completed five months ago. in my letter, i told her that she could stay with us. the house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. it is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. it must be the only modern house in the district.lesson24 it could be worse 不幸中之万幸i entered the hotel managers office and sat down. i had just lost &50 and i felt very upset. i left the money in my room, i said, and its not there now. the manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. everyones losing money these days, he said. he started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. a girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. it contained &5o. i found this outside this gentlemans room she said. well, i said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world !lesson25 do the english speak english? 英国人讲的是英语吗四川省内江碳纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片申报单位：地 址：邮政编码：联系人：电 话：传 真：主持部门：申报日期：年月日四川省内江炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片 项目可行性分析报告目 录第一章 总论第（5）页一、项目提要二、可行性研究报告编制依据三、综合评价和论证结论第二章 项目背景及必要性一、项目建设背景二、项目的经营现状三、项目建设的必要性及目的意义第三章 建设条件 一、地理位置及区域范围 二、自然条件三、项目区的社会经济条件四、项目实施的有利条件 1、基础设施 2、政策环境 3、资源优势 4、市场优势第四章 建设单位的基本情况一、建设单位概况1、项目单位2、项目单位性质3、项目单位现有人员构成二、研发能力1、技术来源与合作方式2、技术产品类型及领域3、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片技术成果状况4、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片技术5、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片深加工技术6、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片技术主要指标第五章 市场分析与销售方案一、市场分析二、产品生产及销售方案（一）初加工（二）加工三、销售队伍和销售网络建设第六章 项目建设方案一、项目规划和布局二、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片的工艺流程三、项目具体建设内容和规模1、土建工程2、设备引进4、技术引进和技术中试5、其他（一）600万件汽车碳纤维刹车衬片生产车间建设方案（二）生产流水线建设实施方案（三）原材料供应配送基地建设方案四、工程实施进度表第七章 投资估算和资金筹措一、投资估算表说明二、项目建设投资估算1、项目投资总额2、项目投资估算表3、资金来源与筹措三、资金使用计划第八章 财务评价一、基本参数二、财务分析第九章 环境影响评价第十章 汽车碳纤维刹车衬片产业化经营与配套和效益评价一、汽车碳纤维刹车衬片产业化经营二、配套增收三、其他社会影响第十一章 项目组织与管理一、组织机构1、机构职责2、劳动定员二、项目经营管理模式三、技术培训第十二章 可行性研究结论和建议一、可行性研究结论二、建议第一章 总 论一、项目提要1、项目名称：四川省内江炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片项目。2、建设性质：新建3、项目建设单位：内江市前力汽配科技有限公司法人代表：杨友春 所有制形式：股份制企业4、建设地点：内江经济开发区城西工业园内建设规模：600万件汽车碳纤维刹车衬片建设，10万台永磁电机生产。 建设期限：2008年至2010年5、项目申报单位：内江前力汽车科技有限公司项目负责人：杨友春 职务：法人代表项目技术经济负责人：王亮、胡建华 职务：高级工程师6、投资规模：50000万元7、资金构成：建筑工程 万元，设备及安装 万元，炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片技术引进 万元，技术引进800万元，其他 万元。8、资金筹措：自筹资金 2000万元，贷款58000万元。9、项目辐射范围及带动能力：碳纤维刹车衬片主要辐射150平方公里，面向西南市场和成渝汽车制造企业以及维修市场。二、可行性研究报告编制依据1、四川省“7+3”产业发展规划。2、1996年国家科委星火计划国科发计字（1996）049号。3、内江市承接产业转移优惠办法、关于加快工业发展的若干意见。4、内江市汽车及零部件产业发展规划三、综合评价和论证结论（一）、汽车制动材料的概要、意义以及发展历程在汽车工业中制动衬片属于关键材料之一，它的优劣不仅影响行驶性能，而且关系着司乘人员的生命安全。因此汽车发明以来，用更安全、更舒适、更优异的制动材料取代前一代产品一直是该领域的主要研究开发课题之一。六十年代之前，汽车制动衬片以石棉为主，在石棉致癌充分证实之后，许多发达国家纷纷立法限制石棉在摩擦材料领域的应用。与此同时随着汽车速度的提高，制动时产生的热量相应增加，当摩擦表面超过100时石棉开始分解，其结构发生变化，导致磨擦性能发生根本变化。因此世界各国开展了无石棉制动材料的研究。到七十年代中期，美国本迪斯公司率先推出由钢纤维完全取代石棉纤维的制动衬片产品，这种无石棉制品中的金属含量达50%左右，故称之为半金属材料。尽管半金属制动衬片的性能优于石棉制动衬片，但仍不能满足日益发展的汽车工业提出的苛刻条件。八十年代初期，国际上出现了各种混杂纤维增强的无石棉制动衬片，其目的是为了弥补钢纤维单一增强半金属制动材料的缺陷，所采用的纤维有植物纤维、芳纶纤维、玻璃纤维、铜纤维、陶瓷纤维、矿物质纤维等。由于多元纤维的应用，制动衬片中纤维在性能上互补，易于设计出综合性能优异的制动衬片配方。随着汽车工业的迅速发展，汽车行驶速度的提高，对制动摩擦材料的要求也越来越苛刻，目前国内汽车制动衬片主要采用的是石棉或半金属材料，其耐热性差，汽车制动时易产生热分解，热衰退和热龟裂等物理现象，从而导致刹车失灵，经常造成交通恶性事故的发生。因此国家每年要付出近5亿美元的外汇，大量进口刹车制动产品，为国产汽车配套。为尽快地解决上述问题并寻求非石棉高性能材料的制动衬片，已成为我国乃至国际上共同攻克的重大项目。炭纤维制动衬片项目经过多年的努力在北京制动密封材料厂，晋城市摩擦材料总厂，杭州汽车摩擦材料研究所等单位的大力协助下，于1994年十一月由山西省科学技术委员会首次对该项目，组织了科学技术成果鉴定。鉴定会上与会专家们对该产品给予了很高的评价。鉴定结论认为，采用炭纤维材料生产增强无石棉汽车制动衬片，为国内首创，其性能均已达到国内领先水平，并与国际水平接轨。1996年该项目已列入国家星火计划项目，目前又经多次配方调整和工艺参数修改，制品按照德国大众公司制定的pv3212盘式制动衬片摩擦系数试验，台架摩擦系数和摩损试验方法，性能已完全达到以德国大众公司为代表的国际先进水平。该产品现已具备上批量，上规模的条件，此产品可替代进口，出口创汇，为国内汽车行业配套，已成当务之急。半金属磨擦材料存在以下缺点：1钢纤维容易生锈，锈蚀后或者粘着对偶或者损伤对偶，强度降低，磨损加大。2半金属磨擦材料热传导率过高，当磨擦温度高于100时，磨擦热迅速传到制动的液压机构，导致液压“o”型密封圈软化和制动液发生气阻而造成制动失灵，容易产生噪音以及低速制动的共振现象。上述缺陷是由材料本身所决定的，因此利用第三代产品多元混杂纤维增强的汽车制动衬片取代半金属制动衬片是必然趋势。3我们研制的炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片正是在“多元纤维增强性能互补”指导的原则下进行开发研制成功的第三代制动衬片。炭纤维本身是一种综合性能特别优异的纤维材料，可广泛应用于各高新技术领域。采用炭纤维与其它纤维材料共同增强的制动衬片，综合性能尤为突出，与半金属材料相比，它在以下方面更具优势。（二）、磨擦系数稳定1炭纤维制动衬片在轿车快速度行驶下刹车，可以做到无热龟裂、无热膨胀、无热衰退现象，而目前国内的石棉及半金属制动衬片，均有以上三种现象产生，当刹车温度高于200以上时，制动材料磨擦系数明显下降，刹车过程中车身不稳，严重的导致刹车失灵，造成恶性交通事故。而炭纤维制动衬片在刹车200以上高温时，不但不产生上述三种现象，反而摩擦系数增高，这是该产品最大最突出的优点之一。这种特性恰恰保证了轿车快速行驶中刹车的平稳性，安全性与舒适性。2磨擦率低：目前国产制动衬片的平均使用寿命为2万km，进口制动衬片平均使用寿命4万公里，而炭纤维制动衬片的平均使用寿命可高达12万km以上，是现行国内汽车制动衬片使用寿命的4倍，属国内外第三代产品。3冲击强度好gb57631998标准规定重负荷汽车(含轿车)制动衬片冲击强度2.96dj/cm为合格产品，而炭纤维制动衬片冲击强度为3.784.19dj/cm，最高可达11.5296dj/cm。4硬度值好：gb57631998的标准，轿车制动衬片应适用洛氏试验标尺p与h间，炭纤维制动衬片测得硬度值为hrp5367间，相当于hem6580之间，所以其硬度为最佳值。5刹车时无噪音：目前国内现行的或进口的刹车片，在刹车时产生一种刺耳的噪声，特别是高速刹车时更为严重，这对环保不利，而炭纤维增强制动衬片，在刹车过程中处于一种缓冲状态，无任何噪音产生。6有于环境保护：现行的石棉制动衬片中的石棉纤维的比2.5g/cm单根直径是一根头发的1/2400，在刹车时对偶已把石棉磨成粉末飞扬在空间，是人类的公害，而炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片从根本上消除了这一公害对环境的威胁。综上所述，该项技术产品的各项技术指标及性能均可以和国内现有的产品乃至进口产品媲美，不但可以替换并提高国内现有制动衬片的技术质量，还可以出口创汇，对我国汽车和汽车配件工业在加入wto后的发展有着重要的意义。本项目符合国家产业政策和发展方向，建议将该项目做大做强，大力发展。第二章 项目背景及必要性一 项目建设背景本项目在国家和省、市、区有关产业政策的引导下产生的：1、四川省“7+3”产业发展规划2、按国家产业政策和市场导向，因厂制宜，瞄准原机械工业部颁发的60种汽车关键件和优先发展的25种轿车关键零件。炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片符合国家产业政策和内江打造西部汽车零部件基地要求，对发展地方经济有着积极意义。3、内江市人民政府关于国民经济和社会发展中长期规划和年度计划。二 项目技术来源 成熟度及先进性1该项目是由中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所开发研究的高科技项目，经多年的开发研究，“炭纤维增强无石棉汽车制动衬片”项目于1994年由山西省科学技术委员会首次对该项目进行科学技术增强鉴定(附成果鉴定书)，鉴定结论认为：采用炭纤维材料生产增强无石棉汽车制动衬片，属国内首创，其各项技术性能均达到国家标准，属国内领先水平，后经不断完善提高，目前已达到德国大众为代表的国际先进水平，某些方面的技术参数超过大众技术，1996年该项目列入国家星火计划。2000年并申报了发明专利申请号01130477.4。2003年可拿到公开号。2005年可拿到专利证书。2此项科技成果的知识产权属于中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所所有。3原材料来源供应方面中科院山西炭纤维生产基地可以供应。辽宁省鞍山市沥青炭纤维厂可以供应。山东维坊沥青炭纤维厂可以供应。辅料本地区就能供应，总之各种材料随意可购。第三章 建设条件一 地理位置及区域范围该项目主要位于内江市，覆盖范围在西南地区汽车生产企业和成渝地区及维修市场。公司和加工厂座落于内江市经济开发区城西工业园汽车零部件产业园内。二 自然条件内江地处全国第三大人口密集区和中国经济增长第四极成渝经济区的中心地带，东连重庆、西接成都，南界泸州、自贡，北邻资阳、遂宁，历来就是四川乃至西南地区的交通枢纽。成渝、内昆、隆黄3条铁路贯境而过，成渝、内宜、隆纳、内昆、乐宜、成自泸、内遂等七条高速公路将在此汇集，成渝城际快速客运专线内江站点进入选址勘查阶段，绵（阳）遂（宁）内（江）宜（宾）城际快速客运专线已纳入规划，半径200公里的范围内有4个机场、3个港口，连接包括成都、重庆在内的12座大中城市，形成了纵横交错、水陆空立体发展的交通网络。优越的地理位置决定了内江具有运输半径和运输成本的选址优势，能有效承接两头在外产业转移；劳动力成本和用地、用电、用气价格明显低于沿海和成渝地区，能有效承接劳动密集型产业转移；工业基础扎实，门类齐全，能有效承接配套产业转移；工业资源、农副产品资源及人文旅游资源丰富，能有效承接精深加工产业转移。作为老工业基地，项目选择在内江，具有独特的八大优势：1、政策优势：作为地处西部地区和成渝经济区的城市，内江享有西部大开发和全国统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区的各种优惠政策。“512”汶川特大地震后，国家分别从产业、财政、土地、金融、就业政策方面加大了对包括我市在内的地震灾区的支持，形成了“区域性的差异化政策”。同时，汽车零部件产业是内江培育的支柱产业之一，在政策、资金、服务上，市委、市政府都给予了重点倾斜。围绕打造“中国西部汽车零部件基地”的奋斗目标，目前，我们已经制定了包括企业用地、税费减免、品牌建设、信贷支持等方面的优惠政策，成立了机械制造产业推进办公室和内江汽车零部件工业协会。2、产业优势：目前，四川、重庆地区有汽车整车生产企业34家，年生产能力达150万辆。内江既毗邻汽车摩托车产业发达，正致力打造“汽车名城”、“摩托车之都”的直辖市重庆，又处于以成都为中心的西部整车制造基地，内江依托自身较为齐全的汽车零部件生产体系和成渝庞大的汽车零部件产业集群，必将在成渝经济区的快速发展中得到更多的市场空间和发展机遇。3、配套优势：内江自产境内有年产优质钢材300万吨的川威集团，周边还有重钢、攀钢等大型钢铁企业，原材料配套十分便捷。4、成本优势：内江距离成都、重庆、昆明、贵阳四个中心城市高速公路里程的总和，分别比毗邻的自贡、资阳、泸州、宜宾少78公里、172公里、220公里、286公里。目前，内江每吨货物运到成都、重庆、昆明、贵阳四个中心城市的运输成本，比川南其它城市平均每吨要低90元左右，具有明显的综合物流成本优势。内江劳动力成本低，劳动力成本较沿海地区低6070，比成渝地区低1540。据专家测算，在内江生产一辆汽车的成本可比成都、重庆低2000元以上。5、人才优势：内江技术力量雄厚，全市汽车零部件产业从业人员有近万人，其中，中高级技术人员2000余人；有高等职业技术学院及社会力量培训机构17所，可专门为企业培训汽车零部件专业技术人员。6、市