2014年秋人教版九年级英语课件unit13 were trying to save the earth section _4

The earth is polluted. air pollution The factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke. n. 煤炭 Factories put waste into the river. water pollution mobile phone pollution litter v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾 rubbish waste 垃圾，废弃物 People should throw away litter in the bin. n. 垃圾箱 noise pollution There are more cars on the road. 1a Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add more words. noise pollution _ _ _ _ air pollution _ _ _ _ water pollution _ _ _ _ loud music planes mobile phones factories cars smoking ships factories littering rubbish building housesbuilding houses loud music cars rubbish planes littering ships factories smoking building houses mobile phones 1bListen and complete the sentences. What was the problem? The river was _. Even the bottom (底部) of the river was full of _. There were no more _ for fishermen (渔渔民) to catch. really dirty rubbishfish What caused the problem? People are throwing _ into the river. Factories are putting _ into the river. How should the problem be solved? We should write to the _ and ask them to _ the factories. Everyone should help to _ the river. litter waste government close down clean up Listen again and check () the sentences you hear. 1. We could go fishing in the river. 2. The river was really dirty. 3. The river has always been the nicest river in this town. 4. We should ask the teachers for help. 1c The river was dirty. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. But it used to be so clean! Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! Make conversations using the pollution in 1a. The river has always been the nicest river in this town. Yes, it used to be so clean. What caused the problem? But I was there last weekend and the river was really dirty. Factories are also putting waste into the river. People are throwing litter into the river. What should we do? Yes, everyone in this town should play a part. We should write to the government and ask them to close down the factories. What else can we do? Everyone should help to clean up the river. 1. Were trying to save the earth! 我们正在竭尽全力拯救地球! try to do =try ones best to do 努力去做某事。 e.g. Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university. 为了进入大学学习，每个学生都应该 努力学习。 2. Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. be related to 与有关 e.g. I am not related to him in any way. 我和他无任何关系。 3. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! play a part in 在方面起作用 e.g. A good diet plays a large part in helping people live longer. 健康的饮食在帮助人们长寿方面起着 非常大的作用。 play a part 在中扮演角色 e.g. He was invited to play a part in this TV play. 他被邀请参加这个电视剧的演出。 4. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river. litter和rubbish都可指“垃圾”，用作不 可数名词。 rubbish指“没用的东西(被扔或将要丢 弃的无用的东西)”不可回收。 litter指“(室内或公共场所)乱扔的废物( 纸屑、不要的包装纸、废瓶等)”还可回 收。 e.g. Throw the rubbish out. 把垃圾扔出去。 The room is full of rubbish. 房间里堆满了垃圾。 Pick up your litter after a picnic. 野餐后将废弃物收拾好。 2a Listen to the interview. Circle the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about. A. land pollution B. air pollution C. noise pollution D. water pollution 2b Listen again and complete the sentences. 1. The air is badly polluted because there are _ on the road these days. 2. Factories that burn coal also _ the air with a lot of black smoke. more cars pollute 3. There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _ things every day. 4. People are also littering in _ like parks. This is turning beautiful places into ugly (丑陋) ones. are throwing away public places 1. Who is the interviewer talking to? 2. What are they talking about? 3. What other problems do they see? Susan and Jason. The environmental problems. Theres too much rubbish and waste in the streets. Role-play conversations between Jason and Susan. 2c The air has become really polluted around here. Im getting very worried. Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky. The problem is that What should we do to save the earth? Turn off the lights when you leave a room. 关掉 stop riding in cars stop using paper towels or napkins（餐巾，餐巾纸） recycle books and paper 回收利用 2dRead 2d and complete the chart. ProblemsSolving problems air pollution waste pollution wooden (木头头 的) chopsticks or plastic forks rubbish take the bus, subway or ride a bike instead of driving. bring a bag to go shopping. use chopsticks or forks at home. throw rubbish in the bins. Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems? Yeah, or ride a bike. There are other advantages (优点) of bike riding. Its good for health and it doesnt cost (花费 ) anything! Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. Great ideas! What about waste pollution? Me, too. Also, I never take wooden chopsticks or plastic (塑料) forks when I buy takeaway ( 外卖食品) food. I use the ones at home. Mmm, I think simple things like bringing a bag to go shopping can help. I started doing that a year ago. And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! 1. This is turning beautiful places into ugly ones. 2. turn into 把变成 e.g. The icy rain seemed like to turn into snow. 渐渐地冻雨又变成雪花的模样。 2. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything! cost v. 花费；使付出 指花费金钱，主语通常是物。cost的过 去式和过去分词均为cost。 e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了200元买了新衬衫。 How much does the new computer cost? 新电脑花了多少钱？ take, spend, pay 其中的also有时可以省略。 e.g. She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不但很会演奏，而且还会作曲。 Not only men but also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。 若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近 的主语保持一致。 e.g. Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。 not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结 构。 e.g. Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison. 这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被 送进了监狱。 be harmful to 对有害 e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸烟有害健康。 Playing computer games much is harmful to students. 电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。 3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem. 鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。 at the top of 在最高地位; 用最高最大 的(速度, 声音等) e.g. I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly. 我看他的头顶, 头发闪亮且平滑的分 开。 He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard. 他尽力大声叫喊, 以便别人能听见。 4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. 如果它们的数目降至过低，会给所有 海洋生物带来危险。 此句复数形式的numbers表达全海洋中鲨 鱼的总量。当表示数值的高或低时， number要用high或low修饰。 e.g. In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village. 在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇 及农村要高。 常与number搭配的动词有grow, fall等。 e.g. The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently. 近来拥有轿车的家庭数量增长很快。 5. Environment protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 世界各地的环境保护组织，如野生救援协 会和世界自然基金会，都在教育公众有关 “猎翅”的行为。 1) 句中fin本为名词，指 “鱼鳍”。此句中的 finning由动词化的fin（割鲨鱼鳍以获取 鱼翅）的-ing形式转化而成，指课文中所 陈述的 “猎翅”这一行为。 2) WildAid和WWF组织 WildAid（美国野生救援协会）是保护野 生动物及栖息地环境的一个非盈利性的机 构，1999年注册成立，其宗旨是保护及救 助世界范围内的野生动物；WWF（世界 自然基金会）英文全称为World Wide Fund for Nature，成立于1961年，是享有 国际盛誉，全球最大的独立性非政府环境 保护组织之一。 Write 5 measures to protect the environment. 1. 不同种类的污染 2. 河底 3. 把垃圾扔到河里 4. 在中起作用 different kinds of pollution the bottle of the river throw rubbish into the river play a part in I. Check if you know these phrases. 5. 在中国南部 6. 对有害 7. 在顶部 8. 海洋生态系统 in southern China be harmful to at the top of the oceans ecosystem II. Translate the sentences. 1. 甚至是河底都满是垃圾。 2. 这个方法不仅残酷还对环境有害。 Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 3. 鲨鱼处于海洋食物链的顶部。 4. 许多人相信鱼翅对健康有好处。 Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem. A lot of people believe that sharks fins are good for health. Pay attention to the sentences. 1. Were trying to save the earth. 2. The river used to be so clean. 3. The air is badly polluted. 4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 5. We should help save the sharks. Present progressive used to Passive voice Present perfect Modal verbs 现在进行时: Present Progressive 结构: be (am/is/are) + v.-ing 标志词：Look, Listen, now, right now e.g. Look! The boy is crying. 定义：表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行 的动作, 也表示目前或现阶段 正在进行的动作。 What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing? used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事, 而 现 在往往不做了, 后接动词原 形。 be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事 e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning. used to do与be used to doing Translation. 1. 她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends. 2. 他习惯于每天晚上睡得很晚。 He is used to staying up. 被动语态：Passive voice 定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行 为动作的对象的一种语态。 结构：be + 过去分词 e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day. Translate the sentences by using Passive voice. 1. 刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。 2. 工人们使用不同种类的机器工作 。 The museum was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers. 结构: has/have + 过去分词 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, for e.g. I havent finished my homework yet. 定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影 响; 或者表示从过去某一时间开始一 直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的 动作。 现在完成时: Present Perfect Complete the following sentences. 1. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years. 2. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before. 3. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago. have been haveheard has worked 4. The twins _ (wash) the clothes for an hour. 5. He _ (play) basketball since three years ago. 6. How long _ Sally _ (sing) yet? have washed has played has sung 1. 情态动词本身有一定的词义, 表示说 话人的情绪、态度或语气, 但不能单独 作谓语, 只能与其他动词构成谓语。常 见的有: can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。 情态动词 2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词 原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。 个别情态动词有过去式形式, 可用来表达 更加客气、委婉的语气。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous. Translation. 1. 我们不能在教室里吃东西。 2. 首先你必须完成作业。 3. 他现在不可能在家。 4. 她一定知道这个问题的答案。 We cant eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He cant be at home now. She must know the answer to this question. 4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Joe: _ you ever _ (take) part in an environmental project ? Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _ ever _ (have). Have taken helped considered had had 参加 Joe: How many people _ (take) part? Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (come) to help out. Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment. Eric: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action! took think came trying wait v. 承担得起(后果); 买得起 4b Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. People _ think that big things _ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ save may/might must can can would could have to should must may/ might electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think its a great idea that you now _ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _ rid