2016年职称英语考试理工A类真题及答案.doc

第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1her comments about men areutterlyridiculousaslightly bpartly cfaintly dcompletely2we almostran intoa rolls-royce that pulled out in front of us without signalingaovertook bpassed cfound dhit3he has been grantedasylumin franceapower brelief cprotection dlicense4when i heard the noise in the next room，i couldnt resist having apeepachanee bvisit ctry dlook5the weather wascrispand clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles awayahot bfresh cheavy dwindy6he waswearyof the constant battle between themafond bproud cafraid dtired7our aim was toupdatethe health service，and we succeededamodernize boffer cprovide dfund8new born babies candiscriminatebetween a mans and a womans voiceadistinguish btreat cexpress danalyze9every week the magazine presents theprofileof a wellknown sports personalityadescription bsuccess cevidence dplan10nothing wouldinduceme to vote for him againateach bhelp cattract ddiscourage11he shifted his position a little in order toalleviatethe pain in his legacontrol bease cexperience dsuffer12the photographsevokedstrong memories of our holiday in franceastored bblocked crefreshed derased13she moves from oneexoticlocation to anotherafamiliar bunusual csimilar dproper14the walls are made ofhollowconcrete blocksaempty bbig clong d.new15all the flats in the building had the samelayoutacolor barrangement csize dfunction第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择a；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择b；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择c。aright bwrong cnot mention17the strange ice patterns on europa are formed as a result of an umlerground water pool.aright bwrong cnot mention18europa is the most recently discovered one among jupiters moonsaright bwrong cnot mention19the size of europa is a bit larger than that of earths moonaright bwrong cnot mention20schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists studying europaaright bwrong cnot mention21the formations on europas surface are rather unique in the universearight bwrong cnot mention22the existence of liquid water is a necessity for a lifesupport environmentaright bwrong cnot mention第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。23paragraph 2_24paragraph 3_25paragraph 4_26paragraph 5_27noble gases are not very chemically_28anlong the elements of noble gases helium is the_29the required number of electrons in noble gases outer shell is_30mri may make operating on the patient_第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。31who was jigme singye wangehuek?aa presidentba buddhist priestca kingda general32apart from modernizing bhutan，what else did wang chuck want to do for bhutan? ato make its population growbto keep it separate from the worldcto keep its traditions and customsdto encourage its people to get rich33a country shows its progress with gnp by_aselling more productsbspending more moneycspending less moneydproviding more jobs34according to gnh，people are happier if they_ahave new technologybhave a good，stable governmentccan change their religiondhave more money35today many countries are_ausing the principles of gnh to measure their progressbworking together to develop a common scale to measure gnhctaking both bhutan and brazil as symbols for social progressdtrying to find their own ways to measure happiness36what have researchers been able to do with the help of the study?adiscover a persons learning process in the brainbmake a person know how to do something without learningcset up different learning patterns for different peopledenable people to learn kung fu instantly37what helps a person to do a particular task better in visual perceptual learning?atestingbencouragementcselfassessmentdrepetition38which of the following statements is true of the experiment participants?athey learned how to control mrl machines in the experimentbthey were not told what to be learned in the experimentcthey were paid to take part in the experimentdthey were not cooperative in the experiment39the finding of the study is most significant in that learning_ais full of funbis visualizedchappens unconsciouslydbecomes unnecessary40who are most likely to benefit from the study?ateenagersbmusicianscsenior peopledathletes41what is so special about wise?ait is as small as a trashcanbit is small in size but carries a large cameracits digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown spacednever before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space42the camera on wise _ ais equipped with expensive computersbproduces images of objects giving off infrared radiationcreflects light visible to the human eyesdis similar to an ordinary digital camera43it is true that infrared radiation _ais not detectable to humansblooks brighter than visible lightcis visible light reflected off an obj ectdhas longer waves than those of visible light44which of the following statements about asteroids is not true?athe wise telescope can catch and take pictures of thembthey do not reflect light that reaches themcthey float through space giving off visible lightdthey are invisible to ordinary cameras45it can be inerred from the last paragraph that brown dwarfs _ agive off infrared radiationbare power stars like the suncbecome massive and activedare invisible to the wise telescope第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。ascholars differ in interpreting the purpose of the designsbthe largest picture may have been the sites for special ceremoniesche called nazca“the largest astronomy book in the world”da swiss writer named erich von daniken wrote that the nazca lines were designed as a landing place for ufoseother scientists are now searching for evidence to prove thisfseen from the ground，it looks like lines scratched into the earth第6部分：完形填空(第5265题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。51adisc bfiber cinstrument dbattery52aapplications bcomponents cresotirces ddifferences53aconcerned bignored ccxpccted dnoticed54aconduct bproduce cuse dconsume55areactive bpreferable cdue dequivalent56a1ight belectricity cchemical dgas57aplant bsource cequipment d1ine58aup bdown capart dtogether59athis bthose cthat dthese60amaterial bdevice cdetector dmeter61abright bfaint cvisible dintense62amore bas cmuch dsuch63askill btechnology cmiracle dprototype64aextensive binteractive cselective dintensive65aall bsome cothers dboth答案部分第1部分：词汇选项d【解析】题意：她关于男人的评论真是一派胡言。句子中utterly的意思是完全地彻底地。a中slightly的意思是轻微的；例句：my interest in music has languished slightly我对音乐的兴趣有点减退。b中partly的意思是部分地，不完全地；例句：the transformation is partly due to demographics这一变化一定程度上是源于人口的变化。c中faintly的意思是微弱地，隐约地；例句：one can faintly discern the flavom of lemon可以隐约觉得有一点柠檬味。d中completely的意思是完整地，彻底地；例句：i understand completely我完全明白。故选d。2d【解析】题意：我们差点撞上前面一辆没有打信号灯的劳斯莱斯。句子中run into的意思是碰撞。a中overtook的意思是追上，赶上；例句：a car overtook me although i was going very fast我虽然开得很快，还是被一辆汽车超过了。b中passed的意思是通过，传递；例句：the bill passed and became law议案通过后成了法律。c中found的意思是发现；例句：we have found oil under the north sea我们在北海发现了石油。d中hit的意思是打击，碰撞；例句：she hits at him她朝他打去。故选d。3c【解析】题意：他被允许在法国避难。句子中asylum的意思是庇护，政治避难。a中power的意思是动力，力量，政权；例句：a man should rely upon his own power人应该依靠自身的力量。b中relief的意思是宽慰，免除，救援物资；例句：relief was quiekly sent to the sufferers from the great fire救济品很快被送到遭受火灾的灾民手中。c中protection的意思是保护；例句：hes devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare anlmals他终生献身于保护珍稀动物。d中license的意思是许可证，执照。例句：his license was suspended for six months他的执照被吊销6个月。故选c。4d【解析】题意：当我听到隔壁的响声的时候，忍不住要偷看几眼。句子中peep的意思是窥视，偷看。a中chance的意思是机会，机遇；例句：please give me a chance to explain请给我个机会让我解释一下。b中visit的意思是访问，探望；例句：news of the queens visit set the whole town astir女王到访的消息轰动全城。c中try的意思是尝试，试验，努力；例句：its worth a try这值得一试。d中look的意思是看，瞧；例句：lets have a look at your electronic computer让我们瞧一瞧你们的电子计算机。故选d。5b【解析】题意：空气清新，50里以外的山峦都能看到。句子中crisp的意思是新鲜的。a中hot的意思是热的，辣的；例句：this dish is a bit hot这道菜有些辣。b中fresh的意思是新鲜的，新的；例句：open the window and let in some fresh air打开窗户，让新鲜的空气进来。c中heavy的意思是重的；例句：the lead is heavy and the plastic is light铅是重的，而塑料是轻的。d中windy的意思是有风的；例句：hold on to the hat on a windy day在有风的日子里请紧紧抓住帽子。故选b。6d【解析】题意：他厌倦了他们之间没完没了的斗争。句子中be weary of的意思是厌倦的。a中be fond of的意思是喜欢；例句：he was fond of celery他喜欢吃芹菜。b中be proud of的意思是感到自豪；例句：he was proud of what he had done他因自己所作的事感到自豪。c中be afraid of的意思是感到害怕；例句：she lives in mortal terror of her husbands anger她极度害怕她丈夫发脾气。d中be tired of的意思是讨厌，厌倦；例句：he was tired of running errands for his sister他已厌烦给姐姐当跑腿了。故选b。7a【解析】题意：我们的目标是更新健康设备，我们做到了。句子中update的意思是更新。a中modernize的意思是使现代化；例句：they have failed to modernize their factories他们没能使他们的工厂现代化。b中offer的意思是提供，给予；例句：we offer a free backup service to customers对顾客我们提供免费配套服务。c中provide的意思是提供，供给；例句：sheep provide us with w001羊供给我们羊毛。d中fund的意思是提供资金；例句：i regret to say we cannot see our way clear to fund the project我很抱歉，我们无意为此项工程提供资金。故选a。8a【解析】题意：新生儿能区分男人和女人的声音。句子中discriminate的意思是区别，辨出。a中distinguish的意思是区分，辨别；例句：speeches distinguish human beings from animals人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。b中treat的意思是款待，招待，对待；例句：do not treat a naughty child rough不要粗暴地对待顽皮的孩子。c中express的意思是表达，快递；例句：he is still unable to express himself in english他仍然不能用英语表达自己的意思。d中analyze的意思是分析，解释；例句：can you analyze the structure of the sentence for me?你能给我分析一下这个句子的结构吗?故选a。9a【解析】题意：每周杂志都会刊登一名体育明星的个人简介。句子中profile的意思是个人简介。a中description的意思是描述，形容；例句：the scenery is beautiful beyond descriptions那风景美丽得难以形容。b中success的意思是成功，成就；例句：the school has only been open for six months，so its hard to evaluate its success该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。c中evidence的意思是证词，证据；例句：evidence weighted against the defendant证词很不利于被告。d中plan的意思是计划；打算，平面图；例句：her plan is merely a castle in the sky她的方案简直是天方夜谭。故选a。10c【解析】题意：什么也不能引诱我再给他投一次票了。句子中induce的意思是引诱。a中teach的意思是教，训练；例句：i taught her to ride a bicycle我教她骑自行车。b中help的意思是帮助；例句：your advice helped me a lot你的意见对我大有帮助。c中attract的意思是吸引，诱惑；例句：the government is trying to attract more investment into the shipbuilding industry政府正在试图吸引更多资金投资到造船业方面来。d中discourage的意思是使气馁，使沮丧；例句：he is easily discouraged by difficulties and obstacles他遇到困难和阻碍就容易泄气。故选c。11b【解析】题意：他稍微换了个姿势，以减轻腿部的疼痛。句子中alleviate的意思是减轻，缓和。a中control的意思是控制，管理；例句：he has little control over his emotions他控制不住自己的感情。b中ease的意思是缓解，减少；例句：the pain began to ease up after she was given a sedative给她吃了一片镇痛药后，她的疼痛开始减轻。c中experience的意思是经验，体验；例句：you didnt experience that，so you dont know where the shoe piaches你没有亲身经历过，所以你不知道困难在什么地方。d中suffer的意思是受痛苦；例句：i wont stand by and let him suffer like this我不会袖手旁观，让他这样受苦。故选b。12c【解析】题意：这些照片勾起了我们对法国度假的强烈回忆。句子中evoked的意思是引起，唤起。a中stored的意思是储存；例句：the barn can store five tons of grain这个谷仓能放五吨粮食。b中blocked的意思是堵塞，阻碍；例句：hundreds of policemen were summoning up to block the main roads几百名警察集合起来，阻住了主干道。c中refreshed的意思是使恢复，使振作；例句：please refresh my memory as to where we have met before请提示一下，以前我们在什么地方见过。d中erased的意思是擦掉，抹去；例句：she couldnt erase the incident from memory她难以忘记那次事件。故选c。13b【解析】题意：她在异国他乡辗转。句子中exotic的意思是异国的，奇异的。a中familiar的意思是熟悉的；例句：i am not really familiar with the locallaws实际上我对当地的法律并不熟。b中unusual的意思是不常见的，独特的；例句：i look on the matter as most unusual我认为这件事极不寻常。c中similar的意思是类似的；例句：the two buildings are similar on the whole从整体来看，这两幢楼是相似的。d中proper的意思是适当的；例句：he could not come up with a proper answer他想不出一个合适的回答。故选b。14a【解析】题意：这面墙是空心砖搭建的。句子中hollow的意思是空的，空洞的。a中empty的意思是空的；例句：the old empty house soon went to rack and ruin这所旧的空房子很快就毁坏了。b中big的意思是大的；例句：new york is a big commercial city纽约是一座大的商业城市。c中long的意思是长的；例句：she was slender and had long dark hair她身材苗条，有一头长长的黑发。d中new的意思是新的；例句：they sell new and used furniture他们出售新旧家具。故选a。15b【解析】题意：这个建筑物的套间布局都完全相同。句子中layout的意思是布局，布置。a中color的意思是颜色，色彩；例句：this is a sort of indeterminate color这是一种说不清的颜色。b中arrangement的意思是安排，布局；例句：the arrangement of the furniture formed a pleasing ensemble这些家具摆放得悦目而和谐。c中size的意思是大小，尺寸；例句：the size of the apples varied那些苹果大小不同。d中funclion的意思是功能，作用；例句：what is his function on the committee?他在委员会里担任什么职务?故选b。第2部分：阅读判断16a【解析】题意：据估计木卫二的地下水池的蓄水量与北美五大湖一样多。根据文章第二段最后一句concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the usgreat lakes，可知题干表述正确。故选a。17b【解析】题意：木卫二独特冰层是由于地下水池的而产生的。根据第三段最后一句the new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface和第六段最后一、二句that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift，the surface fracturesthis would explain the jumbled ice sculptures可得知木卫二独特冰层的产生可能是因为不同温度的水和冰混合起来造成的，所以题干说法有误。故选b。18c【解析】题意：木卫二作为木星的卫星是最近发现的。文章第一段第一句europa，one of jupiters 63 known moons中只提及木卫二是木星63颗卫星之一，并没有说木卫二是最近发现的。故选c。19b【解析】题意：木卫二比月球大一点。根据文章第三段第一句europa，which is slightly smaller than earths moon表明木卫二比月球稍小。所以题干说法错误的。故选b。20b【解析】题意：施密特与她的同事是最早对木卫二展开研究的科学家小组。从第三段倒数第二句for more than 10 years，scientists have wondered what causes the formations我们可以得知，十多年前已经有科学家对木卫二进行研究了，所以题干说法错误的。故选b。21b【解析】题意：木卫二的地貌在宇宙中是非常独特的。从第六段第二到五句they searched for similar formations here on earththey studied collapsed ice shelves in antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in icelandscientists now suspect something similar might be happening on europa可知南极冰架和冰岛火山冰盖也存在着相似的结构，所以木卫二的地貌并不是独一无二的。故选b。22a【解析】题意：存在液态水对维持生命的环境是必要的。根据文章第一段最后一句where scientists find liquid water，they hope to find life as well和最后一段that mixture may create an environment that supports life，可知液态水对于生命来说必不可少，因此题干表述正确。故选a。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23e【解析】第二段主要讲述过去人们曾以为惰性气体是完全没有活性的。所以e选项how were noble gases understood in the past?“人们过去是如何理解惰性气体的”正确。24d【解析】第三段主要解释什么是惰性气体，惰性气体具体包含哪些气体以及惰性气体元素在元素周期表的位置等。所以d选项what are noble gases?“什么是惰性气体”贴合段意。25d【解析】第四段主要讲述惰性气体的化学性质稳定，是因为最外层电子满足稳定结构。所以d选项what cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?“惰性气体化学性质不活跃的原因”正确。26f【解析】第五段第一句because of their properties，noble gases have many important applica tions就讲明主旨：由于其特性惰性气体有很多重要应用。所以f选项what are the applications of no ble gases?“惰性气体的应用”正确。27a【解析】题意：惰性气体化学性质不。根据第三段第二句these properties include being monatomic，colorless，odorless，being able to conduct electricity，and having low chemical reactivity可知情性气体化学性质不活泼。故a选项“活跃的”合适。28b【解析】题意：在惰性气体中，氦是。根据文中的第三段最后一句helium has the lowest molecular weight while radon is the heaviest可得知，氦气是所有惰性气体中最轻的。故选b。29d【解析】题意：惰性气体外层电子数应为。根据第四段第三句noble gases have a full outer shell，meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell可得知，惰性气体外层电子数应全满。故选d。30f【解析】题意：磁共振成像(mri)可使手术。根据第五段最后一句mri allows the doctor toseethe brain，without operating on the patient可知，通过mri，医生可以不通过手术就看到患者头部影像。故选f。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇31c【解析】题意：jigme singye wangchuck是谁?根据文章第一段最后一句a new ruler named king jigme singye wangchuck decided to help bhutan to become modern可知，wangchuck是一位新上任的国王。故选c。32c【解析】题意：除了使不丹现代化，wangchuck还希望为不丹做什么?根据文章第一段最后一句king jigme singye wangchuck decided to help bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions，说明wangchuck不希望不丹丢掉其传统，而第三段第三句 they are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也说明wangchuck推行的gnh(国民幸福总值)政策中，如果能保持传统文化和风俗则国民会更幸福。故选c。33a【解析】题意：一个国家进步在gnp中体现为。根据文中第二段第三、四句the gnp measures products and moneywhen the number of prod ucts sold increases，people say the country is making progress可知，gnp用商品和金钱来衡量，卖出的商品越多，国家似乎越进步。故选a。34b【解析】题意：根据gnh，人民若会更幸福。文章第三段集中讲述gnh，人们更幸福包括they have health care，education，and jobs；they live in a healthy，protected environment；they can keep their traditional culture and customs；they have a good，stable government。由此可知b项正确。35d【解析】题意：现在，很多国家。根据文章第五段第二、三句many countries are now interested in bhutans gnhthese countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多国家用自己的方式去衡量幸福。故选 d。第二篇36a【解析】题意：通过这项研究科学家能够做什么?文章第一句for the first time，researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain就点明研究们者第一次监测到大脑的学习过程，所以a项正确。根据文章第七段this worked even when test subjects were not aware of what they were learning得知实验对象没有意识到他们学到了什么，但是这不代表他们没有在学习，所以b项错误。根据文章第二段future therapies could decode the brain activity patterns of an athlete or a musician，and use them as a benchmark for teaching another person a new activity可知未来有可能解码运动员或者音乐家们脑内活动的类型，而以此作为基准来教别人新技能，所以c项说法错误。根据文章第一段its not quite as advanced as an instant kungfu download，可知d项也是错误的。故本题选a。37d【解析】题意：一个人在视知觉学习中学习某项工作时，什么能帮助他做得更好?从第三段第二句vpl，in which repetitive training improves a persons performance on a parti cular task可得知，通过对成人的视知觉学习研究，重复训练会提高一个人某项工作的表现。a项tes ting意为“测试”；b项encouragement意为“鼓励”；c项selfassessment意为“自我评价”；d项意为“重复”。故选d。38b【解析】题意：关于实验参与者下列哪项的叙述是正确的?a项意为“实验参与者学会了如何控制mri机器”，文章只有第五段第一句the volunteers were a gain placed in mri machines出现mri machines这个词，而本句与a项毫不相干，所以a项错误。根据第五段第二、三句the participants were asked to “somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain”to make a solid green disc as large as they couldthey were told they would get a paid bo nus proportional to the size of this disc，but they werent told anything about what the disc meant可知 b项“实验中没有告知他们要学到什么”正确，与文中说法相符。c项意为“他们参加实验会获得报酬”，而上文的意思是他们被告知会得到与disc大小成正比的一笔奖金，bonus意为“奖金”，故c项错误。d项意为“他们不配合实验”，与文意不符，实际上