[英语学习]第二版新视野英语读写课程单词.doc

New Words budget v. plan carefully how much of sth. will be needed （为.）作出安排 vi. plan the spending of money carefully 制定预算 n. C the amount of money a person or organization has to spend on sth. 预算 charge v. ask sb. for an amount of money for a service 向.收费，要价 acute a. 1. quick to notice sth. 敏感的；敏锐的 2. very serious or severe 严重的 hourglass n. C （计时用的）沙漏 restless a. unable to keep still because one is nervous, bored, or impatient 烦躁的；不安静的 restlessly ad. in a restless manner; impatiently 烦躁地；不安静地 elbow vt. push sb. with the elbows 用肘推（或撞）人 n. C the joint where the arm bends 肘 abrupt a. 1. (of behavior) rough; offensive 粗鲁的，无礼的 2. sudden and unexpected 突然的，意外的 opening a. beginning; starting 开始的 n. 1. C an occasion when a new building, road, etc. is used for the first time, esp. one that involves a ceremony 开业典礼；落成典礼 2. C a position that is available in a business or firm 空缺职位 ritual a. done regularly and in the same way 例行的；惯常的 n. C, U sth. done regularly and in the same way 惯例 interaction n. 1. C, U communication 交流 2. C, U a process by which two or more things affect each other 相互作用；相互影响 convention n. 1. C, U general, usu. unspoken agreement about how people should act or behave in certain situations 习俗；惯例 2. C a meeting of members of a profession, political party, etc. 会议；大会 leisure n. 1. U time free from work or other duties; spare time 空闲，闲暇 2. U ease 悠闲，安逸 leisurely a. without hurrying 从容的；不匆忙的 assess vt. judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of sb. or sth. 评价，评估 surroundings n. (pl.) all the objects, conditions, etc. that are around and may affect sb. or sth.; environment 周围的事物；环境 probe v. try to find out the truth about sth. 调查；探究 n. C 探针（医生检查伤口用的钝头细长工具） social a. 1. relating to society and peoples lives in general 社会的 2. relating to meeting people and spending time with them 社交的 socially ad. 与社会 (或社交) 相关地 tick vi. (of a clock or watch) make a short repeated sound （钟、表等）滴答响 n. sing. the short repeated sound that a clock or watch makes （钟、表的）滴答声 consequently ad. as a result 因此，所以 device n. 1. C a machine or tool for a special purpose 器械，装置 2. C a way of doing sth. 方法，手段 fax n. C 传真；传真机 email n. C, U (also e-mail) 电子邮件 given prep. taking sth. into account; considering 如果考虑到 gathering n. C a meeting 集会，聚会 impersonality n. U the quality of not showing or including personal feelings 不牵涉个人感情；无人情味 electronic a. 1. using devices such as radios, televisions, computers, etc. 使用电子设备的 2. produced or operated by a flow of electrons 电子的 significance n. sing., U the importance of an event, action, etc. 重要性；重要意义 conduct vt. 1. carry out 进行；实施 2. act as the path for electricity, heat, etc. 传导（电或热） n. U the way sb. behaves 行为，举止 increasingly ad. more and more 日益；愈加 conference n. C a formal meeting （正式）会议 teleconference n. C （通过电话、电视等手段召开的）远程会议 obtain vt. get sth. that one wants 获得，得到 superb a. extremely good 极好的 whereas conj. in contrast; while 然而；但是 postal a. relating to post; sent by post 邮政的；邮寄的 efficient a. working well and without wasting time, money, or energy 效率高的 impolite a. not polite 无礼的，失礼的 elapse vi. (of time) pass （时间）过去，逝去 skillful a. (BrE skilful) having or showing ability to do sth. well 熟练的；有技巧的 skillfulness n. U ( BrE skilfulness) 熟练；技巧 competent a. having the necessary ability, skill, knowledge, etc. 有能力的；能干的；胜任的 fulfill (BrE fulfil) vt. 1. do what one must do 履行；执行 2. achieve sth. one wanted to do 实现；完成 capital n. sing., U money used to produce more wealth or for starting a business 资本；资金 Phrases and Expressions fall behind move more slowly than other people so that one is behind them 落在.后面 result in make sth. happen; cause 导致；造成.的结果 run out 1. (of food, money, etc.) there is none left 用完；耗尽 2. use all of sth. and not have any left 用完；耗尽 in a rush in a hurry 匆忙地 go with exist or take place at the same time with sth. else 同时发生；伴随 work at put effort into sth. or doing sth. 致力于；从事 in person doing sth. by oneself 亲身；亲自 due to because of sth. 由于 pour into give a lot of effort, money, etc. to sth. 大量投入（精力或金钱等） New Words spite n. (in of) despite; regardless of 虽然；尽管 clash vi. 1. disagree about sth. 不一致；冲突 2. come to a fight 冲突 n. 1. C an argument 不一致；争论 2. C a short fight 冲突 tradition n. C, U beliefs or customs passed down from one generation to the next 传统 adjustment n. C, U the act of adjusting 调整 honeymoon n. C a holiday taken by a couple who have just got married; (fig.) a period of good feeling or good relations 蜜月期；（喻）短暂的和谐期 marvelous a. (BrE marvellous) extremely good; wonderful 非常好的；绝妙的 amusement n. 1. U the feeling of being amused 愉快，快乐 2. C sth. that makes time pass pleasantly 娱乐（消遣）活动 hostility n. U unfriendly behavior or feeling towards sb. 敌意；敌对 moreover ad. whats more; in addition 此外；而且 anymore ad. (used in negatives) (not) any longer 再也（不） distress vt. make sb. feel very upset 使痛苦；使苦恼 n. U a feeling of extreme unhappiness 痛苦，苦恼 devise vt. create or invent a new way of doing sth. 设计；发明 mechanism n. C a way of behaving that helps sb. deal with a problem 行为方式；机制 cope vi. be able to deal with sth. difficult 应付；处理 repression n. 1. U control of strong feelings （对情感或欲望的）压抑；抑制 2. U cruel and severe control of a large group of people 镇压 acceptable a. good enough; satisfactory 可接受的；合意的 regression n. U a return to an earlier stage of development 回归；倒退 irresponsible a. not responsible 不负责任的 isolate vt. keep sb. or sth. apart from other people or things 使孤立；使隔离 isolation n. U the state of being isolated 隔离；孤立 reject vt. 1. refuse to accept sth. 拒绝；不接受 2. throw sth. away 抛弃，丢弃 rejection n. C, U the act of not accepting 拒绝；不接受 utilize vt. (BrE utilise) use; make use of 使用 deal vi. (dealt, dealt) (with) take action, esp. to solve a problem 对付；应付；处理 hostile a. 1. angry and very unfriendly toward sb. 怀有敌意的，敌对的 2. of an enemy 敌方的，好战的 recognition n. sing., U the act of realizing and accepting that sth. is true 承认；认可 temporary a. lasting only for a short time 暂时的 recovery n. 1. sing., U return to a normal state 恢复；痊愈 2. U the act of getting sth. back that is lost 重获；复得 favorable a. (BrE favourable) 1. giving sb. or sth. an advantage 有利的 2. giving or showing agreement 赞成的 symptom n. 1. C a sign of a bad condition or problem 迹象；征兆 2. C a sign that shows an illness 症状 distinction n. 1. sing. a special or unique quality 特点；特征 2. C a difference between two things 区别；差别 3. U the quality of being excellent 卓越；杰出 appreciate vt. 1. understand and enjoy 欣赏；赏识 2. be grateful for sth. 对.表示感谢 acquisition n. U the act of gaining sth. 获得，得到 alleviate vt. make sth. less serious 减轻，缓和 interact vi. 1.(with) communicate with sb. 交流 2. have an effect on each other 互相作用；互相影响 considerable a. fairly large or great 相当大的；相当多的 furthermore ad. in addition to what has been said; moreover 此外；而且 Phrases and Expressions adjust to get used to a new situation 适应 familiar to well known to 为.所熟悉 culture shock confusion caused by contact with a culture other than ones own 文化冲击；文化震撼 tired of (doing) sth. no longer wanting sth. or wanting to do sth. 厌烦（做）某事 separate from keep people or things apart from each other 把.分开；分离 prevent from stop sb. or sth. from doing sth. 阻止；防止 recover from return to a normal state from an illness, accident, shock, etc. 从（疾病、事故、震惊等）中恢复 go through experience a particular process 经历；经受 New Words pat vt. touch sb. or sth. lightly and repeatedly with a flat hand 轻拍 n. C a friendly act of touching sb. or sth. with a flat hand 轻拍 presence n. U the fact or state of being present 在场；出席 promising a. showing signs of being successful in the future 有前途的；有希望的 amateur a. doing sth. just for pleasure; not professional 业余的 n. C sb. who does sth. just for pleasure 业余爱好者 skier n. C a person who skis 滑雪者 session n. 1. C a period of time used for a particular purpose （从事某项活动的）一段时间 2. C a formal meeting 会议 amusing a. able to make people laugh or smile; interesting 有趣的 lower vt. 1. reduce sth. in amount, price, degree, strength, etc. 减少；降低 2. move sb. or sth. down from a higher position 降下 anniversary n. C a date on which sth. special or important happened in a previous year 周年纪念日 woolen a. (BrE woollen) made of wool 羊毛的 romantic a. relating to feelings of love or a loving relationship 浪漫的 gratitude n. U the feeling of being grateful 感激；谢意 perceptivity n. U the ability of being quick to notice and understand 知觉；理解力 ski vi. slide over snow on skis, as a sport or a way of traveling 滑雪 massive a. large in size, quantity, degree, etc. 大的；严重的 fatigue vt. make sb. tired 使疲劳 n. U great tiredness 疲乏，疲劳 clearing n. C a small area where there are no trees, esp. in a forest （林中）空地 approximately ad. about; nearly 大约，大概 breeze n. C a light wind 微风，和风 powder n. C, U a kind of substance in the form of very fine dry grains 粉末；粉状物 fuss v. (about, over) complain over small matters （因小事）抱怨；小题大做 n. sing., U a lot of unnecessary worry or excitement about sth. 小题大做；大惊小怪 indifferent a. (to) not interested in; not caring 漠不关心的；冷漠的 rebel vi. (against) fight against sb. in authority or against an idea or situation 造反；反叛；反抗 n. C a person who rebels 造反者，反叛者，反抗者 rebellious a. opposing people in authority or rules of behavior 反叛的；反抗的 bachelor n. 1. C an unmarried man 未婚男子 2. C a first university degree 学士（学位） low-budget a. not spending much money 预算低的；花费不多的 shift v. change position or direction; move from one place to another 转移；移动；变换 makeshift a. used at the time because there is nothing better 权宜的；暂时的 stack vt. put things so that they stand one on top of another 堆放 sticky a. made of or containing material which can stick to sth. else 黏的；黏性的 mate n. C a fellow workman or friend 伙伴，同伴 teammate n. C a fellow person in a team 队友 assert vt. state or declare sth. firmly 断言；声称 napkin n. C 餐巾（纸） swear (swore, sworn) vi. (at) curse 咒骂 vt. make a promise to do sth. 发誓 damn a. 该死的；讨厌的 unfair a. not right or just 不公平的；不公正的 outburst n. C a sudden expression of a strong emotion, esp. anger 爆发 passion n. C, U a strong feeling about sth. or a strong liking for sth. 激情；热情 persist v. continue to do sth. in spite of opposition or warning 坚持 vi. continue to exist or happen 继续存在或发生 frown vi. make an angry, unhappy, or confused expression, moving the eyebrows together 皱眉 billion num. (AmE) 十亿 rank vi. have a particular position in a list of people or things 位于.等级（或地位） vt. decide the position of sb. or sth. based on importance or quality 排列 n. C, U the position or level that sb. holds in an organization；ones social position 职位；社会地位 ranking n. C a position on a scale that shows how good sb. or sth. is when compared with others 排名；级别 indissoluble a. impossible to destroy 坚不可摧的 bond n. C sth. that unites two or more people, such as love, a shared interest, etc. 联系；纽带 tropical a. relating to the tropics 热带的 Phrases and Expressions next to beside or very near to sb. or sth. 靠近；接近 in sb.s presence/in the presence of sb. in the same place as sb. 有某人在场 by no means (used to emphasize a negative statement) not at all 决不，决非 count on depend on 依靠；依赖；指望 on one occasion once 有一次 come upon meet sb. or find sth. by chance 偶然遇见；偶然发现 pack into put in a very small place 塞进；使挤入 take notice of notice 注意到 sing out shout or sing some words clearly and loudly (大声清晰地) 喊出 (或唱出) point out tell sb. sth. 指出 reflect on think deeply about; consider carefully 仔细考虑 in advance doing something before a particular date or event 事先，预先 Proper Names Nikolai Petrovich Anikin 尼克莱彼德罗维奇安尼金（人名） Nagano 长野（日本城市名） Salt Lake City 盐湖城（美国犹他州首府） New Words competition n. U the activities of competing 竞争 sake n. (for the of) 1. U for the purpose of 为了.目的 2. U for the good or benefit of 为了.好处 athlete n. C sb. who competes in sports competitions 运动员 sacrifice vt. give up sth., esp. for a good purpose or belief 牺牲；奉献 injury n. C,U a wound or damage to part of ones body 伤害；损害 exploit vt. use sth. fully so as to get benefit from it 利用；剥削 glory n. U great honor 光荣；荣誉 virtue n. C a good quality in character or behavior 美德 determination n. U the strong will to do sth. 决心；毅力 dash n. 1. sing., C a short race for runners 短距离赛跑 2. sing., C a sudden, quick run 奔；冲 vi. run quickly and suddenly 奔；冲 competitive a. 1. liking to compete 喜欢竞争的；好胜的 2. relating to competition 竞争的；有竞争力的 defy vt. 1. do sth. that is considered impossible; challenge 向.挑战 2. refuse to obey sb. or sth. 违抗；不服从 stopwatch n. C a watch used for measuring the exact time it takes to do sth., esp. in a race 秒表 pursue vt. 1. continue doing an activity or trying to achieve sth. over a long period of time 从事；追求 2. chase sb. or sth. in order to catch them 追赶；追逐 strip n. C a narrow piece 条；带 vt. remove the covering of sth. 剥去；除去 singular a. 1. very great or very noticeable 卓越的；非凡的 2. of or being a word representing one 单数的 phenomenon n. 1. C sb. or sth. that is very unusual 奇才；奇迹 2. C an event or situation that can be seen to happen or exist 现象 phenomenal a. very unusual; very great or impressive 异常的；惊人的 horizon n. 1. (s) the limit of ones ideas, knowledge, and experience 范围；眼界；视野 2. (the ) the line far away where the sky seems to meet the earth 地平线 sprinter n. C an athlete for a short race 短跑运动员 observer n. 1. C sb. who sees or looks at sth. 观看者 2. C sb. who attends meetings, events, etc. to observe what is happening 观察员 crack n. C a sudden loud sound 爆裂声；劈啪声 v. 1. (cause to) make a sudden loud sound （使）发出爆裂声 2. (cause to) break （使）破裂 trail vi. move slowly, esp. behind other people 拖沓地走；无精打采地慢走 vt. follow sb. secretly 跟踪；尾随 explosive a. 1. sudden and rapid 迅猛的 2. likely to explode 易爆炸的；易发作的 n. C, U a substance that can cause an explosion 爆炸物 overcome vt. (overcame, overcome) fight and win against sb. or sth. 战胜；击败 committee n. C a group of people chosen to do a particular job or for special duties 委员会 indicate vt. show that sth. is true or exists 表明;显示 steroid n. C 类固醇 conquest n. U the act of taking control of sb. or sth. 攻占;占领；征服 condemn vt. express strong disapproval of sb. or sth. 谴责 condemnation n. C, U the act of condemning 谴责 opponent n. C sb. who takes the opposite side, esp. in playing or fighting 对手；敌手 deny vt. 1. say that sth. is not true, or that one does not believe sth. 否认 2. not allow sb. to have or do sth. 拒绝（给予） counter v. reply to a criticism that one disagrees with 反驳 rumor n. (BrE rumour) C, U information that is passed from one person to another and which may or may not be true 谣言，传闻 formula n. 1. C a method or set of principles for dealing with a problem or achieving a result 方法；方案 2. C a series of numbers or letters that represent a rule in science or mathematics 公式；方程式 suspicion n. 1. C, U a feeling of not trusting sb. or sth. 猜疑；不信任 2. C, U a feeling that sb. has done sth. wrong 怀疑；疑心 erosion n. U the process by which sth. is gradually reduced or destroyed 侵蚀；腐蚀 participation n. U the act of taking part in an activity or event 参与，参加 sprint vi. run at ones fastest speed, esp. at a short distance 冲刺 relay n. C 接力赛 reception n. 1. sing. a welcome for sb. or sth. 接待；欢迎 2. C a large formal party to welcome sb. or to celebrate sth. 招待会；欢迎会 amazing a. causing great surprise 令人惊异的 Phrases and Expressions act as have the role or function of 作为 above all most importantly 最重要的是 not hear of it refuse to accept a suggestion or offer 不听；拒绝听取 set ones mind on be determined to do sth. or obtain sth. 决心做某事 (或得到某物) set the stage for make prepar