《操作系统》课程设计-用多线程同步方法解决生产者-消费者问题.doc

学 号： 题 目用多线程同步方法解决生产者消费者问题(producer-consumer problem)学 院 物理学与电子信息工程学院专 业电子信息工程班 级08电信本一班姓 名指导教师2010年12月日 操作系统课程设计说明书 目 录目 录1课程设计任务书1正 文21.设计目的与要求21.1设计目的21.2设计要求22.设计思想及系统平台22.1设计思想22.2系统平台及使用语言33.详细算法描述34.源程序清单65.运行结果与运行情况96.调试过程117.总结12课程设计任务书题目: 用多线程同步方法解决生产者消费者问题 (producer-consumer problem) 初始条件：1 操作系统：linux2 程序设计语言：c语言3 有界缓冲区内设有20个存储单元，其初值为0。放入取出的数据项按增序设定为120这20个整型数。要求完成的主要任务: （包括课程设计工作量及其技术要求，以及说明书撰写等具体要求） 1技术要求：1）为每个生产者消费者产生一个线程，设计正确的同步算法2）每个生产者和消费者对有界缓冲区进行操作后，即时显示有界缓冲区的当前全部内容、当前指针位置和生产者消费者线程的自定义标识符。3）生产者和消费者各有两个以上。4）多个生产者或多个消费者之间须共享对缓冲区进行操作的函数代码。2 设计说明书内容要求：1)设计题目与要求2)总的设计思想及系统平台、语言、工具等。3）数据结构与模块说明（功能与流程图）4）给出用户名、源程序名、目标程序名和源程序及其运行结果。（要注明存储各个程序及其运行结果的主机ip地址和目录。）5）运行结果与运行情况（提示: （1）有界缓冲区可用数组实现。（2）编译命令可用：cc -lpthread -o 目标文件名源文件名（3）多线程编程方法参见附件。） 3. 调试报告：1)调试记录2)自我评析和总结 正 文1.设计目的与要求1.1设计目的通过研究linux的线程机制和信号量实现生产者消费者问题(producer-consumer problem)的并发控制。1.2设计要求1）为每个生产者消费者产生一个线程，设计正确的同步算法2）每个生产者/消费者对该存储区进行操作后，即时显示该存储区的全部内容、当 前指针位置和生产者/消费者线程的自定义标识符。3）生产者和消费者各有两个以上。4）多个生产者/消费者之间须共享对存储区进行操作的函数代码。2.设计思想及系统平台2.1设计思想在本问题中,共需要一个mutex和两个semaphore.其中,mutex是用来锁定临界区的,以解决对共享数据buffer的互斥访问问题(无论是对生成者还是对消费者);我们共需要两个semaphore,这是因为在本问题中共有两个稀缺资源.第一种是非空这种资源,是在消费者之间进行竞争的.第二种是非满这种资源,是在生产者之间进行竞争的.所以,一般来说,需要锁定临界区,就需要mutex;有几种稀缺资源就需要几个semaphore.对稀缺资源的分析不能想当然.稀缺资源不一定是指被共享的资源,很多时候是指线程会被阻塞的条件(除了要进临界区被阻塞外).在生产者消费者问题中,消费者会在缓冲区为空时被阻塞,所以非空是一种稀缺资源;需要设置一个信号量consumer_semaphore,初值设为0;生产者会在缓冲区为满时被阻塞,所以非满也是一种稀缺资源.需要设置一个信号量producer_semaphore,初值设为buffer的大小max_buffer2.2系统平台及使用语言本课程设计在linux操作系统下，使用c语言完成。用到的工具主要有gcc编译器和vi编辑器。3.详细算法描述共享数据：semaphore buffer_mutex=1；semaphore producer_semaphore=max_buffer；semaphore consumer_semaphore=0；int buffermax_buffer;producer线程的处理函数：while(1)wait(producer_semaphore);wait(buffer_mutex);bufferpn=product;pn=(pn+1)%max_buffer;signal(consumer_semaphore);signal(buffer_mutex);sleep();producer线程的处理函数流程图如下：consumer线程的处理函数:while(1)wait(consumer_semaphore);wait(buffer_mutex);consume=buffercn;cn=(cn+1)%max_buffer;signal(producer_semaphore);signal(buffer_mutex);sleep();consumer线程的处理函数流程图如下：4.源程序清单用户名：rj070126（ip：192.168.2.254）源程序名：/home/rj070126/pc.c目标程序名：/home/rj070126/pc运行结果：/home/rj070126/output.txt源程序清单如下：#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include/生产者的个数#define num_threads_p 5 /消费者的个数#define num_threads_c 5/缓冲区的大小 #define max_buffer 20 /运行的时间#define run_time 20/缓冲区的数组int buffermax_buffer; int produce_pointer=0,consume_pointer=0;sem_t producer_semaphore,consumer_semaphore,buffer_mutex;pthread_t threads_pnum_threads_p; /*producer*/pthread_t threads_cnum_threads_c; /*consumer*/file* fd; void *producer_thread(void *tid);void *consumer_thread(void *tid);void showbuf();void handler()int i;for(i=0;inum_threads_p;i+)/送终止信号给thread线程，如果成功则返回0，否则为非0值。发送成功并不意味着thread/会终止。pthread_cancel(threads_pi);for(i=0;inum_threads_c;i+)pthread_cancel(threads_ci);int main()int i;signal(sigalrm,handler);fd=fopen(output.txt,w); /*open a file to save the result*/sem_init(&producer_semaphore,0,max_buffer); /*set the value of semaphores*/sem_init(&consumer_semaphore,0,0);sem_init(&buffer_mutex,0,1);for(i=0;imax_buffer;i+)bufferi=0; /*initiate the buffer*/*create the threads*/for(i=0;inum_threads_p;i+)pthread_create(&threads_pi,null,(void*)producer_thread,(void*)(i+1);for(i=0;inum_threads_c;i+)pthread_create(&threads_ci,null,(void*)consumer_thread,(void *)(i+1);alarm(run_time); /*set time to run*/*wait the threads to exit*/for(i=0;inum_threads_p;i+)pthread_join(threads_pi,null);for(i=0;inum_threads_c;i+)pthread_join(threads_ci,null);/*destroy the semaphores*/sem_destroy(&producer_semaphore); sem_destroy(&consumer_semaphore);sem_destroy(&buffer_mutex);fclose(fd);return 0;void *producer_thread(void *tid)/*the thread can be canceled by other thread*/pthread_setcancelstate(pthread_cancel_enable,null);while(1)sem_wait(&producer_semaphore);srand(int)time(null)*(int)tid);sleep(rand()%2+1); /*one or two seconds to produce*/while(produce_pointer+1)%20=consume_pointer);sem_wait(&buffer_mutex);bufferproduce_pointer=rand()%20+1;produce_pointer=(produce_pointer+1)%20;if(produce_pointer=0) /*if buffer was filled to the 19th*/printf(producer:%d pointer_p:%2d produced:%2dn,(int)tid,19,buffer19);fprintf(fd,producer:%d pointer_p:%2d produced:%2dn,(int)tid,19,buffer19);elseprintf(producer:%d pointer_p:%2d produced:%2dn,(int)tid,produce_pointer-1,bufferproduce_pointer-1);fprintf(fd,producer:%d pointer_p:%2d produced:%2dn,(int)tid,produce_pointer-1,bufferproduce_pointer-1);showbuf();sem_post(&buffer_mutex);sem_post(&consumer_semaphore); /*inform the consumer the buffer is not empty*/srand(int)time(null)*(int)tid);sleep(rand()%5+1); /*wait a few seconds ,then continue producing*/return (void*)0);void *consumer_thread(void *tid)/*the thread can be canceled by other thread*/pthread_setcancelstate(pthread_cancel_enable,null);while(1)/信号等待sem_wait(&consumer_semaphore);/获取种子srand(int)time(null)*(int)tid);/休眠一到两秒sleep(rand()%2+1); /*one or two seconds to consume*/sem_wait(&buffer_mutex);printf(consumer:%d pointer_c:%2d consumed:%2dn,(int)tid,consume_pointer,bufferconsume_pointer);fprintf(fd,consumer:%d pointer_c:%2d consumed:%2dn,(int)tid,consume_pointer,bufferconsume_pointer);bufferconsume_pointer=0;consume_pointer=(consume_pointer+1)%20;showbuf();sem_post(&buffer_mutex);sem_post(&producer_semaphore); srand(int)time(null)*(int)tid);sleep(rand()%5+1); /*wait a few seconds ,then continue consuming*/return (void*)0);/*show the content of buffer*/void showbuf()int i;printf(buffer:);fprintf(fd,buffer:);for(i=0;imax_buffer;i+)printf(%2d ,bufferi);fprintf(fd,%2d ,bufferi);printf(nn);fprintf(fd,nn);5.运行结果与运行情况程序运行结果如下：producer:1 pointer_p: 0 produced:20buffer:20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:3 pointer_p: 1 produced:13buffer:20 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 pointer_p: 2 produced: 6buffer:20 13 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:4 pointer_p: 3 produced:14buffer:20 13 6 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:5 pointer_p: 4 produced:20buffer:20 13 6 14 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:2 pointer_c: 0 consumed:20buffer: 0 13 6 14 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:1 pointer_p: 5 produced:20buffer: 0 13 6 14 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:1 pointer_c: 1 consumed:13buffer: 0 0 6 14 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:3 pointer_c: 2 consumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 14 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:4 pointer_c: 3 consumed:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:5 pointer_c: 4 consumed:20buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:3 pointer_p: 6 produced: 1buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 pointer_p: 7 produced:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 20 1 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:3 pointer_c: 5 consumed:20buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:4 pointer_p: 8 produced: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 14 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:5 pointer_c: 6 consumed: 1buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:5 pointer_p: 9 produced: 8buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 6 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:2 pointer_c: 7 consumed:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:5 pointer_c: 8 consumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:1 pointer_p:10 produced:18buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:1 pointer_c: 9 consumed: 8buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 pointer_p:11 produced:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:4 pointer_p:12 produced:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:4 pointer_c:10 consumed:18buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:3 pointer_p:13 produced: 3buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:3 pointer_c:11 consumed:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:2 pointer_c:12 consumed:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:1 pointer_p:14 produced: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:1 pointer_c:13 consumed: 3buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 pointer_p:15 produced:18buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 18 0 0 0 0 consumer:5 pointer_c:14 consumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 producer:1 pointer_p:16 produced: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 6 0 0 0 producer:3 pointer_p:17 produced:19buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 6 19 0 0 consumer:1 pointer_c:15 consumed:18buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 19 0 0 producer:5 pointer_p:18 produced: 7buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 19 7 0 consumer:3 pointer_c:16 consumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 7 0 producer:4 pointer_p:19 produced:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 7 14 consumer:5 pointer_c:17 consumed:19buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 14 consumer:4 pointer_c:18 consumed: 7buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 producer:1 pointer_p: 0 produced: 4buffer: 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 consumer:2 pointer_c:19 consumed:14buffer: 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 consumer:1 pointer_c: 0 consumed: 4buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 pointer_p: 1 produced:15buffer: 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:3 pointer_p: 2 produced:13buffer: 0 15 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 pointer_p: 3 produced: 3buffer: 0 15 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 说明： “producer:2”是指自定义标号为2的producer，“pointer_p:3”是指该producer的指针，“produced:3”是指该producer在buffer3里写入3，“buffer: 0 15 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0