课后答案 UNIT 7 AMBITION AND ITS ENEMIES.doc

key of unit 7listening for ideasa. 1. f2.f3.t4.tb. 1. very ( too)ambitious 2. yes. because he died with his ambitious future plan in his mind.3.everyone has his own ambition or dream despite his or her different background and position.comprehensiona. 1.in general, the society is becoming one of giant engine directed, in a way, by motivation, ambition, and goals and objectives in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. people are in a highly competitive race: to be promoted or to fall behind is not simply a matter of salary but more of self-respect. people are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life because ambition “robs us of time and peace of mind.” to some extent, people live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. “surely this is self-destructive.”2.open. (only for reference )great people have an ambition marked by a greater sense of purpose, an urge to create something beyond oneself. whether to provide the best product or service in the industry or to eradicate childhood diseases, their ambition extends beyond the accumulation of wealth or even power. one outstanding example is mother teresa ( 特蕾莎嬷嬷 ), the nobel peace award winner, who dedicated her whole life to the “hungry ones; the homeless ones; the sick ones; the ones in prison; the lonely ones; the unwanted ones”3.mania originally refers to a kind of mental illness marked by periods of great excitement or euphoria, delusion and over-activity. it now also means an excessive enthusiasm or desire. the author uses this word to illustrate an ardent desire nationwide for wealth, fame or power, etc. a picture of people behaving in a very anxious and excited way in order to realize their dreams and achieve their success emerges in ones mind.4.generally speaking, success is often measured by income or the material things one owns. and while the material society continues, this is inevitable. the desire that men feel to satisfy their vanity feelings and to show off their superiority is fairly strong and becomes a driving force behind their behavior. however painful the struggle may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in ones own circle.5.more often than not people are not content with the existing state of affairs. they will pursue convenience and luxury so that they can maintain self-respect as well as “outdo those with whom they compare themselves.” (final sentence of paragraph 5). therefore, they try gambling- one of the get-rich-quick schemes. this partly explain why gambling has become a booming business.6.generally speaking, most people dont think that money can buy happiness. it is recognized that happiness is a long, lasting, and enduring enjoyment of life which is made up of a productive career, romance, friendship, good health, and interesting hobbies, etc. it is acknowledged that money does help as far as the relationship between money and happiness is concerned. in other words, money could make life easier, but it could not buy happiness. the economist richard easterlin of the university of southern california made a 30-year follow-up survey of 500 people. the following two elements (“time spent together with family & good health”) stand first on the list, which was the response of most people when they were inquired about of the above question. but on the other hand, we can also find that a lot of long-standing expressions in many languages convey the idea that money is very powerful. many such expressions can be found at a stroke:money can buy the devil himself.no money, no honey.money talks.a man without money is no man at all.7.open8.“eight-day weeks” is a term used in an exaggerated way. it means the weeks are busy, fast-paced with long office (business) hours. besides, workaholics prefer work to leisure. with respect to weekends and vacation, the ways of workaholics appear to be at odds with those of the rest of the society. they have no use for and little need of free time. some even put themselves in office 24 hours a day and their homes often become branch offices of their businesses and both airplanes and commuter trains are pressed into service as substitute offices. no doubt, compared with routine weeks, workaholics weeks are more efficient, hence eight-day weeks.9.open 10.the sentence means that ambitious people may not only enjoy the bliss of success but may taste the bitterness of failure as well.a similar expression: mixed blessing. a mixed blessing refers to a situation or a thing that has disadvantages as well as advantages. the chinese equivalent of the expression is 喜忧参半b. thesis statement: ambition is a two-way street. though unlovable, ambition is socially useful. it is human nature to have ambition and dreams. however, the pursuit and the competition may get out of control. and ambition is bitter as often as sweet. but without ambition, the world will face its ruin.i.ambition has a dual nature: on one hand, it is a great engine of american creativity, on the other hand, its an unrelenting oppressor: time-robber and peaceful-mind breaker.ii.the ambitious impulse pervades every walk of life. they do not just strive for riches.examples:a.al gore strained to be president to fulfill his ambition.b.americas immensely rich computer moguls larger ambition (compared with that of the pursuit of money) is to control americas cyberagenda.c.wide receiver prances into the end zone and raises his index finger in triumph.people with ambition often cherish the desire to surpass those who are on an equal footing and separate themselves from the crowd.examples:a.the search for status symbols: a bigger house, a more exotic vacation, a niftier bike, a faster computerb.people try to consume just beyond their reach so they can outdo those with whom they compare themselves.the tough part for “ ambition” is that many people have no way to convert their dreams into reality. a.despite the booming economy, a newsweek poll reported that 29% of adults found it more difficult to live the kind of life they want.b.a day trader, mark barton, murdered 12 people.c.some want to become wealthy people through get-rich-quick scheme such as gambling. v.conclusion: ambition is bitter as often as sweet. more often than not, gains overwhelm losses. without ambition, wed be sunk.a.ambition sustains economic vitality.b.ambition prods people to take risks and exert themselves.c.few of them escape ambitions wounds: damaged dreams; abandoned projects and missed promotions.d.most of them face the pressures of balancing competing demands between our inner selves and outer lives. language studya.1. impulse2. consumption3. exotic4. deplored5. pervaded6. straining7. elaborate8. subdue9. sustain10. maniab.1. with2. to1. constant2. continuous3. continual1. sensitive2. sensible3. sensational4. sensiblec.1. step2. for3. interrelated4. where5. make6. achieving7. climb8. competing9. components10. what11. over12. then13. person14. establish15. not translationa. 美国一个由研究人员组成的小组对全国120名顶尖艺术家、运动员和学者进行了为期5年的研究表明， 是动力和决心，而并非是杰出的天才使这些人获得了非同寻常的成功。研究小组对6个领域里美国的20名顶尖人物-音乐会钢琴演奏者、奥林匹克游泳选手、雕塑家、网球运动员、数学家和神经病学研究人员-进行了深入的匿名采访。他们还采访了其家人、老师，希望能了解这些人是怎样发展成杰出人才的。“我们期望发现超乎寻常的天赋的故事，” 芝加哥大学的教育学教授、该研究组的组长本杰明 布鲁姆说。然而， 研究人员听到的却是一个个有着非同寻常的动力和献身精神的事例。比如说，一个孩子会每天练好几个小时的钢琴，练上17年以达到成为一个音乐会演奏者的目标。一个典型的游泳选手会讲述其每天5：30起床，上学前游上2个小时，放学后再游2个小时，以实现跻身奥运会队的梦想。布鲁姆说这项研究使他确信天才也需要多年的精心培养。“不管在什么情况下天才总会成功的老说法是站不住脚的。”天赋在这些成功者的发展过程中起的作用似乎很小。布鲁姆说这项研究还使他相信，如果有恰当的鼓励和训练，很多人都可获得巨大的成功。b. 1.he pulled his cap lower to shield his eyes from the glare of