农林论文樟子松的生长规律及影响因子的研究.doc

樟子松的生长规律及影响因子的研究 樟子松的生长规律及影响因子的研究 study on the growth law of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. and the influential factors【中文摘要】 樟子松(pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)是塞罕坝地区生态系统的重要组成成分,在自然物种的保存、科学研究、生态效益和经济意义等方面,都具备了被研究和保护的价值。本文在查阅了国内外大量文献的基础上,以塞罕坝地区樟子松人工林为研究对象,以5株解析木和当地30多年的气象资料为研究材料,利用灰色关联度方法详细研究了10项气象因子对樟子松生长的影响,得出以下主要结论:(1)樟子松的直径、树高和材积总生长量随着林龄的增大而持续上升;连年生长量和平均生长量在起始阶段随着林龄的增加而增加,但连年生长量比平均生长量增加速度快,其值大于平均生长量。连年生长量达到最高峰的时间比平均生长量要早,连年生长量达到高峰后逐渐下降与平均生长量相交,相交后,连年生长量总小于平均生长量。直径的连年生长量高峰比树高连年生长量高峰更为持久,而去皮材积连年生长量的高峰期比二者迟的多。直径、树高和材积的连年增长量均表现出明显的波动性。(2)采用灰色关联分析法得出与樟子松直径连年生长量关系最密切的气象因子是上年11月-当年1月平均地温(x8),而与树高连年生长量关系最密切的是年日照时数(x5)。按最大.关联度出现的次数频率将气象因子对樟子松生长量影响程度排序为:上年11月-当年1月平均地温(x8)>年日照时数(x5)>年降水量(x2)/4-10月蒸发量(x4)/3-4月地温(x6)>其它。 还原【英文摘要】 pinus sylvesfris var.mongolica was a geographical variation of scots pine, and it was distributed in saihanba area. the species has important value in both conservation and research. the mainly processed researches of pinus sylvesfris var.mongolica were in morphological description, ecological characters, and cultivation technique ect. the research were reviewed on the basis of broad reference both in home and abroad. in order to supply theoretical basis for the generalization and management of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, the effects of meterological factors on the growth quantity of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were studied by grey relation analysis based on the data of 5 analytical stem and meterological data of the fastest 30 years in saihanba area. in this study, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was used as the objectvie in this area. the main results were as follows:(1)the diameter, height and volume total increment of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, rised constaintly alon.g with the growth of stand age. current annual increment and average increment was increasing with the growth of stand age, but the former one was faster, which value was larger. in the curve, time current annual increment achieving the peak was earlier than the one of average growth capacity. after achieving the peak, current annual increment gradually intersect with average growth capacity. then, the value of current annual increment was small than average one. the peak of current annual increment of diameter at breast height was longer haul than the one of tree height, while the peak of volume inside bark was later than the ones above. capacities in successive years of diameter at breast height, height and volume were fluctuant.(2)the increment of diameter of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were most closly related to the mean ground temperature from november last year to januuary some year(x8) analyzed by grey relation analysis,and the most important climatic factors that effected the increment of height of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were the annual sunshine hours(x5). the order of the effect of the climatic factors on the increment of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was the mean ground temperature from november last year to januuary some year(x8) > the annual sunshine hours(x5) > the annual precipitation(x2)/ the annual evaporation from april to october(x4)/the ground temperature from march to april(x6)>others. 还原【中文关键词】 樟子松; 生长规律; 气象因子; 灰色关联度 【英文关键词】 pinus sylvestris var. mongolica; growing law; climatic factors; grey relation analysis 【毕业论文目录】摘要 4-5 abstract 5-6 1 引言 9-17 1.1 樟子松概述 9-10 1.1.1 樟子松的分布 9 1.1.2 樟子松形态特征与生物学特性 9-10 1.1.3 樟子松的加工性质及用途 10 1.2 樟子松研究进展 10-13 1.3 气候因子与树木生长关系的研究 13-15 1.3.1 温度、降水对树木年轮宽度的影响 13-15 1.3.2 其它因子对树木年轮宽度的影响 15 1.4 研究的意义和目的 15-16 1.5 可行性分析 16-17 2 研究区域概况 17-20 2.1 自然地理概况 17-18 2.1.1 地理位置 17 2.1.2 地质地貌 17 2.1.3 水文条件 17 2.1.4 土壤状况 17-18 2.2 气候特点 18 2.3 植被 18-20 3 数据收集与整理 20-24 3.1 数据收集及方法 20-22 3.1.1 标准地调查 20-21 3.1.2 标准木选取 21 3.1.3 气象资料收集及整理 21-22 3.2 研究方法 22-24 4 结果与分析 24-42 4.1 樟子松的生长规律 24-28 4.1.1 直径生长规律 24-25 4.1.2 树高生长规律 25-27 4.1.3 材积生长规律 27-28