园林植物栽培养护课创新教学探究 中英文翻译.doc

园林植物栽培养护课创新教学探究中英文翻译garden plant cultivation in english teaching of translation摘要:园林植物栽培养护课教学方法要改革创新，要充分利用教学实践基地，实施专项教学实践模块，要充分利用实践实习基地，并增加实地教学，重视网络技术的应用，进行大胆教育教学创新探究。abstract: the teaching method of maintenance course of gardening plant cultivation to reform and innovation, to make full use of teaching practice base, the implementation of special teaching module, to make full use of practice base, and increased field teaching, pay attention to the application of network technology, the bold innovation of teaching and education research.关键词:园林植物栽培养护; 实践教学; 创新keywords : landscape plants cultivation; practical teaching; innovation随着园林事业的发展和壮大，需要大量面向城镇园林建设第一线，从事园林绿化、尤其是园林植物栽培养护管理等方面的应用型人才，实用型人才。with the development of the landscape industry and development, needs a large number of the urban landscape construction first-line, engaged in gardening, especially applied talents of garden plant cultivation and conservation management, practical talents.这就要求学生在校期间就能学到扎实的理论知识与实践技能，从而满足社会对人才的需要，在传授给学生知识的同时，更要注重及时巩固所学知识、技能，在记忆和体验的基础上提高知识本领和实践技能，使学生学有所用，掌握一技之长。this requires the students can learn the theoretical knowledge and practical skills solid, so as to meet the needs of society for talents, in imparting knowledge to the students at the same time, more attention should be paid to in time to consolidate the knowledge, skills, improve the knowledge of this field and practical skills in the basis of memory and experience, enable students to learn, have proficiency in a particular line.一、教学方法要改革创新a method to reform and innovation, teaching教学方法和教学手段要大胆改革，这是培养高素质人才不可忽视的首要问题。在园林植物栽培养护的教学中进行教学方法的改进，是大势所趋，教学实践证明，应从以下几个方面入手。teaching method and teaching means to bold reform, this is the first issue that can not be ignored the cultivation of high-quality talents. improved, teaching methods in garden plant cultivation and conservation of the teaching is represent the general trend, teaching practice, we should begin from the following several aspects.( 一) 增加多媒体示范教学( a ) to add multimedia demonstration teaching将理论与实践结合起来，对难理解的抽象内容用图片多媒体的方式展现给学生，同时用实物进行试验自己总结特点，这样学起来即轻松又牢固。现在的教学中往往会出现这样的问题: 教师在指导学生实际操作的时候，学生总会提出各种各样的问题，会干扰老师的思路，这样的结果可能是，越做越差，越修改越对示范操作不利。因此在教学中应该遵循一般程序示范: 先选择一两个实例进行分析讲解，然后动手演示一个具体的操作，并在演示中和演示后总结出相关的普遍性原理，最后再进一步用不同的设计实例说明和印证相关的原理。这样，学生才能在学习和实践中快速提高实践技能。combine theory with practice, to the abstract content hard to understand with pictures of multimedia to show the way to the students, and test their summary of the characteristics of real, so it easy and firm. such problems often present teaching: teachers in guiding students practice, students will present a variety of problems, can interfere with the idea of the teacher, this could be the result of, getting worse, more modifications on the side of the demonstration. therefore, should follow the general procedure demonstration in the teaching : first choose one or two examples to explain, and then began to demonstrate a specific operation, and summarizes the general principle in the demonstration and demonstration, finally further design examples of different explanation principle and confirm related. in this way, students can enhance practical skills in learning and practice.多媒体教学具有图文并茂、生动形象、信息量大等特点，能直观、全面、生动地传递各类知识信息。multimedia teaching has the characteristics of abundant, vivid image, a large amount of information, can be intuitive, comprehensive, vivid transfer all kinds of knowledge and information.它可以培养学生的创造性思维，提高形象思维的能力，同样也可以培养学生的想象的空间，更有利于对知识的理解和掌握。it can train students creative thinking, improve the ability of thinking in images, but also can cultivate students imagination space, more conducive to the understanding and mastery of knowledge.( 二) 增加实例教学( two ) increase the example teaching实例教学即通过典型的实例的分析，引导学生的学习思路，起到举一反三的作用，是值得采用的教学方式。它还可以避免某些“只可意会，不可言传”的空洞理论现象的出现，同时要注意实例的选择应结合当前市场经济发展的前沿动态，让学生及时了解和掌握最新的信息和发展状况。examples of teaching through the analysis of typical examples, learning ideas to guide students, to infer other things from one fact effect, is worthy of the teaching mode. it can also avoid some can only sense, empty theory can only be sensed the emergence of the phenomenon , and we should pay attention to the forefront of the dynamic instance selection should be combined with the current development of the market economy, to let the students understand and grasp the information and new developments.( 三) 增加实地教学( three ) increase the field teaching实地教学在许多学科教育中已广泛运用，面对职业教育的现状，要求我们培养的学生做到零距离就业，实地让学生有可看可比的内容，培养学生发现问题分析问题解决问题，让学生来评价总结，让学生积累知识，积累经验，同时心理上又不带压力的学习，更加贴近社会。通过典型实例的剖析，引导学生触类旁通，最直观地接触现实的栽培管理，起到事半功倍的效果。通过组织学生到各类城市绿地中参观与调查，加强感性认识。这种身临其境的教学，具有事实胜于雄辩的说服力，是园林植物栽培课不可缺少的教学方式。以后的园林园艺工作者只有学会分析和感受实验结果的好坏、才能够在不断的积累中提升自己。组织学生到城市各类绿地和植物园参观学习，让学生看得见，摸得着，从认识植物到养护植物形成一个实践教学的知识链接。这种身临其境的教学方法具有寓教于乐，增强感性认识，缩短理论与实践之间距离的良好效果，是较好的教学方式。the practical teaching in many discipline education has been widely used, facing the present situation of occupation education, requires us to develop students achieve zero distance employment, field to let the students have to see specific content, trains the student to find the problem - analysis of the problem - solving problems, let students evaluation summary, let the students to accumulate knowledge, accumulate experience at the same time, the psychological pressure and without learning, more close to the society. through the analysis of typical examples, guide students to comprehend by analogy, the most direct contact cultivation management reality, play a multiplier effect. through the investigation to visit and organize students to all kinds of city green space, enhance the perceptual knowledge. this kind of be personally on the scene teaching, with the facts speak louder than words. persuasive, is the cultivation course indispensable landscape plant teaching methods. the gardening workers only learn to analysis and experimental results is good or bad, feel to improve myself in the unceasing accumulation. organize the students to the city all kinds of green space and botanical gardens study tour, so that students can see, feel, the formation of a practice teaching knowledge links from the understanding of plant to the maintenance plant. this kind of teaching method, be personally on the scene with entertaining, enhance the perceptual knowledge, good effect of shortening distance between theory and practice, is a better way of teaching.( 四) 重视网络技术的应用( four ) pay attention to the application of network technology现在的学生对网络的爱好应重视。正确引导和利用将会起到事半功倍的效果。园林植物栽培养护课所涉及的知识多，综合性强，一方面要加强网络建设，通过最新的网络获取最新的知识和信息，了解最新的发展动态。一方面是通过学校的校园网，这样能促进学生之间、师生之间的思想沟通、交流，这是很好的一种教学资源，应该广为利用。now the students interest in the network should pay attention to. the correct guidance and utilization will play a multiplier effect. cultivation and maintenance class garden plants involved knowledge, comprehensive, on one hand to strengthen the network construction, access to the latest knowledge and information through the network, understand the latest developments. one is through the school campus network, this can promote students, mind communication between teachers and students, communication, this is a kind of teaching resource is good, should be widely available.二、充分利用教学实践基地two, make full use of teaching practice base在理论教学和实践教学相结合的模式中，实践教学是其中的一个重要组成部分，是加强实践教学环节，提高学生实践能力，培养创新精神的关键，教学实践基地是学生创新能力的培养基地，是岗前培训的基地，是提高实践教学教学质量的关键因素之一，因此建设并完善实践性教学体系和实践基地十分重要。combine theory and practice teaching mode, practice teaching is an important part of them, is to strengthen the practice teaching, improve students practical ability, the key to develop the spirit of innovation, practical teaching base is the base for training students innovation ability, is a gang of training base, is one of the key factors to improve practice teaching quality, so it is very important to improve the practice teaching system and the construction of practice base and.( 一) 利用校内实践基地，提高学习效果充分利用学校内的基地资源，组织学生进行有计划，有步骤的阶段教学实习，通过现场教学，既增强学生的实践能力，又加强学生对理论知识的理解和巩固。通过具体的生产性项目的实践，提高学生发现问题、分析问题和解决实际问题的能力，同时还能通过生产型的实践活动，激发学生的学习兴趣，培养互相帮助，团结协助的精神。( a ) the practice base, improve the learning effect and make full use of school resources, organizes the student to carry on the plan, practice teaching step by step, through the field teaching, not only enhance the practical ability of students, and strengthen students understanding of theoretical knowledge and consolidate. through the practice of project production of concrete, improve the students ability to discover problems, analyze problems and solve practical problems, but also through the production practice, stimulate students interest in learning, training and help each other, to help unite the spirit.( 二) 利用校外实习基地( two ) using the practice base outside school学校外的实习基地也是最优秀的教学资源，可以带领学生到校外的实习单位，实地考察参观学习，了解市场行情和动态，掌握最新的园林绿化养护信息，掌握目前园林植物栽培养护中的前沿技术和信息。outside the school practice base is the most outstanding teaching resources, can lead the students to off-campus internship units, site visits to learn, understand the market situation and the dynamic of landscape virescence maintenance, grasp new information, grasp the current landscape plant cultivation and conservation of cutting-edge technology and information.三、实施专项实践教学模块three, the implementation of special practical teaching module现代教育理念强调学生是学习的主人、发展的主体，强调教育的开放性和服务意识，强调师生的双向沟通、合作和交流。在教学中，有时会感到园林植物栽培养护课理论课形散而枯燥，得不到学生的关注，教学效果自然不好。究其原因，是我们把教学当作单纯传授知识的过程，在教学中教师活动过多，学生活动过少，剥夺了学生的主体地位，掩盖了学生的思维过程。因此，在课程教学中，一定要以人为本，多注重实践教学的研究和探索，要指导学生自己去实践，这样才能满足学生掌握知识的需要，才能搞好课堂实践教学。如讲授“园林植物嫁接育苗和园林施肥时课程时，针对具体的教学内容，教师边讲边示范，然后让学生自己实地操作，反复实践。这样学生才会感觉学得轻松，有趣，掌握知识也相对容易和牢固。the concept of modern education students are the subject of the masters of learning, development, emphasis on the education of openness and awareness of service, two-way communication, cooperation and exchanges on teachers and students. in the teaching, sometimes feel garden plant cultivation course theory course form loose and dull, not to the students attention, the teaching result is not good. investigate its reason, is our teaching as a process of simply imparting knowledge, teachers in teaching activities too much, too few students activities, deprived of the students main body status, conceal the thinking process of students. therefore, in the course of teaching, must be people-oriented, pay more attention to research and exploration of practical teaching, to guide students to practice, so as to meet the need for students to grasp the knowledge, to improve classroom teaching practice. such as teaching garden plant grafting seedling and garden fertilizer courses, according to the specific teaching content, teacher talking and demonstration, and then let the students of field operation, repeated practice. so that students will feel easy to learn, interesting, knowledge is relatively easy and firm.通过实践教学，既能增强学生适应实际工作环境和解决问题的能力，巩固学生专业知识的系统性和完整性，还能培养学生吃苦能耐劳和团结协作的精神，为以后就业步入社会奠定扎实的基础。将试验、实习与实际管理结合起来。校园内的实践基地就是学生学习的好场景，学生在校期间要参与校园绿化管理工作，根据管理的效果来计算平时成绩和期末考试成绩，这样一来校园内植物的情况学生可以随时发现，结合自己的知识来做出相应的判断，并拿出解决的初步方案。还可以结合开展第二兴趣课堂，拓展学生思维 提高应用知识的能力。比如: 成立园林植物嫁接小组，扦插小组，施肥小组，灌溉小组等。through the practice of teaching, not only can enhance the ability of students to adapt to the actual work environment and problem solving, consolidate the systematicness and integrity of the students knowledge, but also students endure hardship can bear and the spirit of unity and cooperation, for the future employment into the community to lay a solid foundation. the test, combined with the actual practice of management. practice base on campus is the student learning good scene, during the period of school students to participate in the campus landscape management work, according to management results to calculate grades and final exam, so the campus plant situation of students can be found at any time, to make the corresponding judgment according to their own knowledge, and come up with a preliminary solution. can also be combined to carry out the second interesting class, developing the students thinking to improve the ability of knowledge application. for example: the establishment of garden plant grafting group, cutting irrigation fertilization group, team, team.在教学中注重教与学的本质问题，注重学习过程中学习与实践相结合的关系，勇于创新，通过教师教学的大胆创新改革和不断探索，让学生在掌握理论知识与实践知识的同时学会发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的思想和方法，培养学生的实践能力，从而真正实现培养实用型人才的教育目标。the essence of teaching and learning problems in teaching, innovation, and combining with the practice of learning to the learning process, the teachers teaching reform and continuous exploration, bold innovation, to make stude