汽车专业英语(幻灯片) chapter 5 Suspension.ppt

seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system review 1: whats the function of suspension system? flexibly connect the wheels to the body deliver the power and moment from the road to the body damp out the spring oscillations quickly seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system stabilizer bar coil spring trailing control shock absorber tie rod seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system the suspension covers the arrangement used to connect the wheels to the body. the purpose is to prevent large shocks, caused by the wheels striking bumps in the road, being passed to the vehicle occupants and components; otherwise discomfort and damage would occur. 悬架是车架（车身）与车桥（车轮）之间一切连接传 力装置的总称。其目的是防止车轮遇到路面不平产生 的巨大冲击传给车内的货物和乘客；否则会产生不舒 适的感觉和货物的损坏。 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system the suspension system has two subsystemsthe front suspension and the rear suspension. the front suspension is more complicated than the rear suspension. this is because the front wheels must move in several different directions. the wheels must move up and down with the suspension and turn left to right with the steering. since the car goes in the direction in which the front wheels point, the alignment of the front wheels is important. 悬架系统有两个子系统前悬架和后悬架前悬架比后悬架 复杂这是因为前轮需要在不同方向运动车轮必须随悬架 上下运动并随转向系统左右转动因为汽车在前轮指向的方 向上行驶，所以前轮定位很重要 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system poor alignment can make a car pull to one side and stop the front wheels from returning to the straight- ahead position after a turn. 不正确的车轮定位参数会使汽车产生偏 驶，阻止车轮在转向后回到直线行驶位 置。 review 2: whats the function of front wheel alignment angles? seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system camber is the inclination of the wheel relative to the longitudinal vehicle plane, measured in the transverse plane of the vehicle. positive camber means that the wheels are tilted further out at the top than at the bottom. positive camber negative camber type of front wheel alignment angles seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system toe-in specifies the degree to which non- parallel front wheels are closer together at the front than at the rear; measured at the edges of the rims at the wheel center height. seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system s.a.i 主销内倾 steering axis inclination the kingpin angle is the inclination of the steering axis (kingpin) relative to the longitudinal plane, measured in the transverse plane of the vehicle. seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system positive caster caster 主销倾角 caster is specified as the angle by which the steering axis ( kingpin line ) deviates from the vertical when viewed from the side, or as that distance on the road surface by which the wheel contact point trails the point at which an extension of the steering axis meets the road surface. negative caster seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system review : list the main types of suspension springs coil spring rubber spring air springtorsion bar leaf spring (laminated spring) hydropneumatic spring seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system coil spring 螺旋弹簧 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system 卷 耳 spring ear 中心螺栓 center bolt 弹簧夹 rebound clap leaf spring 钢板弹簧 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system leaf springs are made of long, flat pieces of metal clamped together to form a spring. the spring not only acts as a spring but also locates the axle. to overcome weakness at the mid-point of the main leaf, either the leaf is made thicker at the center or a series of leaves is used. each leaf is shorter than the one directly above it. 钢板弹簧由许多长的金属片夹在一起形成它不仅做为弹 簧同时用来定位轴.为克服主片中部强度不够的缺点，可 以把其中部加厚，或者采用多片钢板。每个钢板比它上面 的那个短 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system lever arm摇臂 length torsion bar 扭杆弹簧 torsion bar扭杆 anchor end seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system torsion bars normally connect to the car so that one end is fixed in place and the other attaches to a lever arm. when a force acts on the end of this lever arm, it bends up, causing the torsion bar to twist and absorb the force. when the force is released, the bar untwists to force the lever back to its original position. 扭杆弹簧一端固定在汽车上的适当位置，另一端安装在摇臂上 冲击力作用在摇臂的一端使它弯曲，这引起扭杆扭曲来吸收 冲击力冲击力消失时扭杆扭曲消失，摇臂回到原来的位置 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system review 4: the function of shock absorber when a spring is compressed and then released it will oscillate for a period of time before coming to rest. applied to a vehicle this action will cause a most uncomfortable ride. the purpose of a shock absorber is to absorb the energy stored in the spring and so reduce the time that the vehicle is bouncing. 压缩弹簧然后释放，它会振动一段时间。（振动）作用在汽车 上将引起乘坐不舒适。减振器的目的是储存在弹簧中的能量并 缩短汽车跳动的时间。 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system 伸张阀 rebound valve 流通阀 input valve 压缩阀 compression valve 补偿阀 compensate valve 储油钢桶 reservoir seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system shock absorbers are filled with fluid. in operation, wheel movement causes the shock absorber to force this fluid through small openings (orifices). since fluid can pass through restricted openings rather slowly, this puts a restraint on wheel and spring movement. the restraint imposed prevents excessive wheel movement. it also damps out the spring oscillations quickly after the hole or bump is passed. seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system shock absorbers are filled with fluid. in operation, wheel movement causes the shock absorber to force this fluid through small openings (orifices). since fluid can pass through restricted openings rather slowly, this puts a restraint on wheel and spring movement. the restraint imposed prevents excessive wheel movement. it also damps out the spring oscillations quickly after the hole or bump is passed. 减振器中充满油液，在行驶时，车轮的运动使减振器中的油液 反复流过内腔的孔隙由于油液通过受到限制的孔隙时，速度 很慢，就对车轮和弹性元件的运动产生阻尼作用这种阻尼作 用避免了车轮的过度运动在车辆经过坑洼地段时，能很快地 衰减弹性元件的振动 seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system review 5: list the main types of suspension system independent suspensionrigid axle suspension seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system independent suspension single transverse arm type（单横臂式） double transverse arm type（双横臂式） single trailing arm type（单纵臂式） double trailing arm type（双纵臂式） single oblique arm type（单斜臂式） sliding pillar type（烛式） macpherson strut type（麦弗逊式） multi-link type（多连杆式） seaspecial english for automobile chapter 5 steering and suspension system review : list the main functions of tire absorb shocks resulting from irregularities in the road. 吸收来自不规则路面的振动 provide frictional contact between the wheels and the road so that good traction is secured. this permits the transmitting of power through the tires to the road for rapid accelerating, combats the tendency of the car to skid on turns and allows quick stops when the br