英语口语发音技巧及听力练习LISTENING COMPREHENSION.ppt

listeninglistening comprehensioncomprehension task of todaytask of today british english phonetics wthe fricative consonants warming-up exercises listen to this:1 wlesson 25-28 *2 the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 摩擦音： f v s z r h 英语辅音/ f v /的发音要领： / f v /是一对清浊辅音，发音时下唇轻轻接近上齿，气流经唇齿间 空隙形成摩擦，由口腔而出， 发/f/音时声带不振动，/f/是清辅音； 发/v/音时声带振动，/v/是浊辅音。 比较/ f v /最小对立体： /f-/ /v-/ /-f/ /-v/ feel veal if live folk vote half halve fine vine safe save fail veil staff starve the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 英语辅音/ s z /的发音要领： / s z /是一对清浊辅音，发音时舌端接近上齿龈，气流经舌端和上 齿龈间形成摩擦，由口腔而出。 发/s/音时声带不振动，/s/是清辅音； 发/z/音时声带振动，/z/是浊辅音。 比较/ s z /最小对立体： /s-/ /z-/ /-s/ /-z/ seal zeal bus buzz sip zip course cause sink zinc price prize sown zone police please the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 英语辅音/ /的发音要领： / /是一对清浊辅音，发音时,舌身平伸略往后，舌端不能卷曲， 整个舌身向硬颚抬起，舌端位置应在上齿龈后部，舌身两侧接触 两侧上齿，舌身和硬颚间形成较大的空隙，双唇分开，略成喇叭 形，气流经舌身和硬颚间的空隙形成摩擦，由口腔而出。 发/音时声带不振动，/是清辅音； 发/音时声带振动，/是浊辅音。 比较/ /最小对立体： /-/ /-/ mission vision pressure pleasure fresher leisure ocean plosion the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 英语辅音/ /的发音要领： / /是一对清浊辅音，发音时，舌端靠近上齿背面，形成一条缝隙 ，气流经舌端和上齿背面，发生摩擦，由口腔而出。 发/音时声带不振动，/是清辅音； 发/音时声带振动，/是浊辅音。 比较/ /最小对立体： /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ thief these mouth (n.) mouth (v.) think this faith bathe thank that both clothe throw though wreath wreathe the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants / f v s z /是四对摩擦音，摩擦音在词尾可以有一 定的长度，而爆破音则十分短促。 英语辅音/r/的发音要领： /r/发音时，舌端抬高，接近上齿龈后背部，舌身向后缩；气流经舌 端和上齿龈后背部之间形成摩擦，由口腔而出。 发/r/音时，声带振动，/r/是浊辅音。 /r/音在词首和词中经常作为摩擦音，如： /r/ red berry rat marriage wrong foreign raw boring the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 重读音节中字母r和前面相邻的元音字母经常构成字母组合，读成元 音，如： /:/ /:/ /:/ /:/ /:/ ar er ir or ur bar her girl born nurse arm germ circle lord burn part fern firm ford fur sharp ferment dirty morning curl 但是，字母r在词尾时和在同一词组中紧接其后的单词中的第一个元 音字母产生连续，字母r应该读成摩擦音/r/，例如： far away here and there far and wide father and mother for instance more and more for example there is the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 英语辅音/h/的发音要领： 发音时，气流经声门摩擦，由口腔而出，声带不振动，/h/是清辅音。 /h/音仅出现在元音前。字母h和元音字母组合，读元音，如：ah /:/, eh/ e/ 比较有/h/音和无/h/音的读音： /h/ /h/ eat heat art heart ill hill ear hear arm harm air hair all hall older holder the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 练习一 朗读下列单词，比较最小对立体的读音： /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ fast vast loose lose ferry very dust does leaf leave rice rise proof prove price prize / / / / thin then pressure pleasure think this mission vision thief these station invasion thank that ocean explosion the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 练习二 朗读下列单词，比较最小对立体的读音： /s/ / /z/ / sing thing zoo though sink think breeze breathe sank thank is with sort thought close (v.) clothe / /t/ / /d/ thin tin they day thank tank there dare thought taught though dough three tree those dose /s -/ /z - / a nice thing whos this jacks thin lose them pass through use that yes, thanks johns there the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants 练习三 朗读下列单词，注意黑体部分的读音： /f/ f- feel fell fat fail fit fine fast family father further -f if knife life ff off cuff doff puff suffer ph photo phone phonetics phrase physics gramophone paragraph gh laugh laughter enough rough tough cough /v/ v- very vegetable veil venture veranda value victor vienna vivid -v five carve dive live knives leave starve prove save f of ph nephew / th- think thank thought thin thirst thing thousand thursday -th health wealth both bath earth fourth faith month south north path worth cloth breath -th- healthy wealthy something anything nothing the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants / th- the this then that those there their though they -th with bathe clothe breathe mouth (v.) smooth -th- other father mother brother either neither further weather together /s/ s- see sing send sad saturday sunday six second seven since -ss miss less pass across loss -s close (adj.) loose use (n.) excuse (n.) -s- against almost least last lost listen c (before e, i, y) cent cellar centre central city cigar cigarette cinema civilization civil cycle bicycle cylinder /z/ z zigzag zip-fastener zero zoo zoology zoologist citizen realize realization s is as cause noise please easy busy praise deserve -s plays says does goes comes moves washes watches bags wives knives badges pens things places houses the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants -ss- dessert dissolve scissors / sh sheep ship shop push wash finish s sure sugar asia -ss- assure pressure mission permission -sc- conscience conscientious conscious -c- ocean social special -t- nation pronunciation intonation patience sch- schedule ch machine moustache chef / -s- measure leisure usual pleasure treasure -z- seizure -si- vision decision confusion explosion g garage prestige /r/ r read red rose real road rate right already ignorance -rr- ferry carry narrow borrow sorry arrive hurry rh- rhetoric rhetorical rheumatism rhyme rhythm wr- write wrong wrap wrist wristwatch wrongdoing the fricative consonantsthe fricative consonants /h/ h- heat hit hen ham hot horse how house wh- who whom whose whoever whole wholly -h- ahead behave behind perhaps anyhow childhood 练习四 根据录音，划出你所听到的单词： a. fast b. vast a. ferry b. very a. seats b. sheets a. sinks b. thinks a. breeze b. breathe a. correct b. collect a. eat b. heat a. rain b. lane warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises part what is the news lead? 1. at least 53 persons, most of them children, _ saturday in a bus accident in the central part of france. 2. an american man _ by crossing the atlantic ocean in the smallest boat. 3. athletes from all over asia _ at the 9th asian games in new delhi. 4. china says its economy _ because of the governments new economic program. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises 5. a private american group says trade between the unitedstates and china _ _. 6. more than 200,000 british railway workers _throughout the country monday. 7. the un general assembly _. 8. japans cabinet _. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises key: 1at least 53 persons, most of them children, were killed saturday in a bus accident in the central part of france. 2an american man has established a new world record by crossing the atlantic ocean in the smallest boat. 3athletes from all over asia have ended their competition at the 9th asian games in new delhi. 4china says its economy is growing faster than expected because of the governments new economic program. 5a private american group says trade between the united states and china is expected to increase by as much at 20%. 6more than 200,000 british railway workers will go on strike throughout the country monday. 7the un general assembly has opened its 37th yearly session. 8japans cabinet has approved a proposed budget plan for next year. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises part ii. travel books exercise 1: the three ways to find out about the countries and places you wish to visit are: 1.to talk _. 2.to see _. 3.to read _. exercise 2: the three kinds of travel books are: 1.books that give a personal, _account of travel. 2.books that give a purely _description of things to be done and seen. 3.books that are called a _to some place or other. exercise 3: the three things to be noticed in choosing a travel book are: 1.to make sure that it does not describe everything as _,fabulous or _. 2.to note its _of publication. 3.to make sure that the contents are _and _to find. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises ex. directions: complete the outline with the information you hear on the tape. key: (see tapescript) tapescript: travel books (213) there are several ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit. you can talk to friends who have travelled to the places, or you can go and see a color film about them, or you can read travel books. it would seem that there are three kinds of travel books. the first are those that give a personal, subjective account of travel which the author has actually made himself. if they are informative and have a good index, then they can be useful to you when you are planning your travel. the second kind are those books whose purpose is to give a purely objective description of things to be done and seen. if a well-read, cultured person has written such a book, then it is even more useful. it can be classified as a selective guide book. the third kind are those books which are called a “guide” to some place or other. if they are good, they will, in addition to their factual information, give an analysis or an interpretation. like the first kind, they can be inspiring and entertaining, but their primary function is to assist the reader who wishes to plan in the most practical way. whatever kind of travel book you choose, you must make sure that it does not describe everything as marvelous, fabulous or magical. you must also note its date of publication, because travel is a very practical affair and many things change quickly in the 20th century. finally you should make sure that the contents are well-presented and easy to find. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises part iii. announcements (i) exercise 1: (announcement 1) analysis who: to passengers from flight 61 what: about baggage claim where: to the baggage area at the front of the terminal when: now why: to claim their baggage how: by showing the claim check exercise 2: (announcement 2) who:_ what:_ where:_ when:_ exercise 3: (announcement 3) attention. passengers bound for_ _on flight _,your flight will be _in _ _.inorder to_ _ _please have your _.thank you. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises ex. directions: study the analysis of the announcement. notice that an announcement generally consists of six parts - the who, what, where, when, why and how. ex. directions: finish the announcement analysis with the information you hear on the tape. key: who: to passengers taking denver flight 517 what: about boarding where: at gate 7 when: at 1115 tapescript: announcements () (33) announcement 1 attention. all passengers from flight 61 may now claim their baggage. please go to the baggage area at the front of the terminal. show your baggage claim check and you will receive your luggage. thank you. announcement 2 may i have your attention please. denver flight 517 will be boarding at gate 7 at 1115. announcement 3 attention. passengers bound for los angeles on flight 237, your flight will be boarding in 15 minutes. in order to speed up boarding please have your tickets ready. thank you. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises part iv. announcements (ii) exercise 1 (announcements 1-5): 1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ exercise 2 (announcements 1-5) 1.you are meeting your friend from boston. which gate should you go to? 2.you are leaving for atlanta on business. what is the boarding time? exercise 3 (announcement 6) _ _regret to announce the _in the departure of their flight number _to rome and bombay. due to _reasons, this flight is now expected to depart at _hours local time. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises ex. directions: listen to the announcements one by one and pay special attention to the who in each announcement. who is the announcement addressed to ? write the answers in the given spaces. key: 1. to mr. best from paris 2. to robert bellow 3. to people concerned with boston flight 64 4. to people concerned with atlanta flight 914 5 . to people concerned with new york flight 311 ex. directions: answer the questions. key: (see tapescript) ex. directions: fill in the blanks with the information given on the tape. key: (see tapescript) tapescript: announcements () (47) announcement 1 will mr. best, recently arrived from paris, kindly proceed to the information desk to meet miss wilson. mr. best to the information desk, please. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises announcement 2 paging robert bellow, please pick up the nearest red courtesy phone. robert bellow. announcement 3 boston flight 64. now arriving at gate 10. announcement 4 atlanta flight 914 will be boarding at gate 3 at 1230. announcement 5 new york flight 311. now arriving at gate 34 announcement 6 air india regret to announce the delay in the departure of their flight number ai 142 to rome and bombay. due to technical reasons, this flight is now expected to depart at 2245 hours local time. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises 1. a) 14 dollars c) 13 dollars b) 7 dollars d) 6 dollars 2. a) 7:25 c) 7:45 b) 7:35 d) 7:15 3. a) doctor and nurse c) manager and secretary b) director and clerk d) professor and student 4. a) in a classroom c) in a theatre b) on a bus d) in a library 5. a) hes never felt better in his life. c) hes still feeling sick. b) hes feeling sad about tom. d) hes felling confused. 6. a) factories c) american cities b) automobiles d) flames 7. a) to finish his degree c) to save money b) to tour paris d) to wait for the coming holiday warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises 8. a) the woman likes both modern and classical art. b) the woman likes neither modern nor classical art. c) the woman likes the modern art better. d) the woman likes the classical art in a higher degree. 9. a) he feels sorry for those students. b) he considers the punishment excessive. c) he thinks it good to punish those students. d) he disapproves of what the professor did. 10. a) the problem may have been a very complicated one. b) no one can solve this problem. c) the man thinks that the problem is quite easy for linda. d) the man thinks that he can solve the problem himself. warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises 1. m: er, could you please tell me how much this tie is? w: yes, of course. its 7 dollars, sir. q: if the man pays a 20-dollor note for two ties, how much will be the change? 2. w: would you hurry up? the movie starts at 8 oclock. m: well, we still have 25 minutes to get there. q: what time is it now? 3. w: whats the deadline for the term paper, sir? m: since it should be no less than 10 type-written pages long, you can hand it in next week? q: what is the probable relationship between the two speakers? 4. w: excuse me, sir. but i think youre sitting in my seat. m: youre right. my seat is in the upstairs. i didnt see my ticket clearly. im terribly sorry. q: where do you suppose the above conversation? 5. w: hello, tom. how are you feeling now? somebody said you have been sick. m: they must have had me confused with my brother john. he has been sick all week. ive never felt better in my life. q: how is toms brother john feeling now? warming-up exerciseswarming-up exercises 6. m: a study shows that factories are responsible for 2/3 of the smog in american cities. w: but people used to blame it on automobiles. q: what do supposed to be responsible for the smog? 7. w: i hear that youre planning a trip for the coming holiday. m: i hope to visit paris if i can finish my degree in time and save enough money. q: what does the man plan to do? 8. m: i went to a modern art exhibition yesterday. its really abstract. do you like the modern art？ w：i certainly do, yet not so much as the classical art. q: what kind of art does the woman prefer? 9. w: professor smith caught some students cheating on the final exam and failed them and failed them right later. m: serves them right. i dont sympathize with anyone trying to pass exams in that way. q: whats the mans attitude toward the professors action? 10. w: i wonder if a problem like this can be solved by linda? m: wel