有关电视媒体对青少年的重大影响的探析 中英文对照.doc

有关电视媒体对青少年的重大影响的探析中英文对照discussion on the tv media major impact on young people in chinese and english一、电视媒体对青少年的负面影响 the negative effects of a, the television media on teenagers 一是在行为上。电视屏幕上的暴力和色情镜头，成为部分青少年模仿的对象，是青少年犯罪的重要诱因之一。根据行为科学的理论，一个人的行为是受其思想支配的，而其思想不可避免地会受到外界信息的影响。因此，被暴力镜头淹没的青少年会或多或少地滋生暴力意识和暴力倾向。电视中大量暴力镜头的出现，成为青少年模仿的对象，诱发青少年走向犯罪。河北省少管所对100名青少年犯的调查表明，很多青少年犯就是参照暴力片中的犯罪情节进行简单的“复制”。 one is in action. the television screen violence and sex, become the object of imitation of some young people, is one of the important causes of juvenile delinquency. according to the theory of behavioral science, the behavior of an individual is influenced by the ideology, the ideology is inevitably affected by the outside information. therefore, by violence submerged teenagers will be more or less violence awareness and violence. large amount of violence in television, become the object of imitation of teenagers, induce young people to commit crimes. hebei province up to a survey of 100 teenagers to commit that, many teenagers make replication is violent crime reference in a simple . 二是在学习上。观看电视节目占用了青少年大量的时间，造成青少年读、写、听、笔算、实验动手等能力的下降。沉醉于电视节目和电视剧中的青少年，精力受到影响，阅读书本、思考问题的时间大大减少。据一项近期对9省（市、自治区）4845名青少年进行的调查发现，40的人除了课本以外，基本上没有藏书，藏书50册以上的人只有36，藏书500册以上的仅为2。阅读量的减少不仅直接影响了青少年知识结构的平衡，极大地影响了他们的各种生活能力。 in the two study. watching tv takes up time in the teenagers, decrease the juvenile reading and writing, listening, written, practical ability. indulge in tv programs and the youth, energy is affected, reading books, thinking to greatly reduce the time. according to a recent 9 provinces ( city, autonomous region ) survey of 4845 teenagers, 40% people apart from textbooks, basically no books, 50 books above people only 36%, 500 books for more than 2%. reduce the amount of reading not only directly affect the knowledge structure of adolescent balance, greatly influences the life of their ability. 三是外国电视片冲击着青少年对民族文化和价值观念的学习和继承。民族的文化、伦理、习俗的形成离不开人际交流。对世界观、价值观尚在形成，求知欲、探索欲十分强烈的青少年，其意识形态很容易受到负面影响。three foreign tv impact on young people learn and inheritance of ethnic culture and values. the formation of culture, ethics, custom, nationality is inseparable from the interpersonal communication. on the world outlook, values are formed, curiosity, to explore the very strong youth, their ideology is very vulnerable to the negative effects of. 众所周知，青少年喜爱看动画片，而国产动画片由于制作水平差、说教色彩浓厚等原因，无法深入孩子们的内心世界。于是，许多电视台就引进外国特别是日本的动画片，如今的孩子已被外国卡通片所包围。如前些年风靡一时的动画片灌篮高手中的五个高中篮球队员，从中国人的眼光看来，他们个个是坏孩子：考试不及格、爱打架、早恋。再如樱桃小丸子中的主人公小丸子，她不爱学习，成绩不好，又爱睡懒觉，还丢三落四的。这些都是中国传统教育所反对的，与中国传统观念相冲突，容易对青少年造成不利影响。电视动画片对于青少年的影响及教育意义不是立竿见影的，但是却在潜移默化中影响着他们的心理结构以及世界观的形成。 as everyone knows, teenagers like to watch cartoons, but because of domestic animation production level difference, preaching a strong color and other reasons, unable to penetrate the childrens inner world. so, many television stations on the introduction of foreign countries especially japan cartoon, now the child has been surrounded by foreign cartoons. as in previous years, become fashionable for a time master cartoon dunk in the five high school basketball players, from the chinese perspective, they are bad boys: failed the exam, love, love. as cherry hero of the ball, she doesnt love learning, the result is not good, and love to sleep, also miss this and that. these are against the chinese traditional education, conflict with the chinese traditional concept, easy to cause the negative effect on teenagers. animated television series for teenagers and the significance of education is not to get instant results, but in the influence character by environment affect their psychological structure and the formation of world outlook. 四是在思维上。电视媒体的高度综合性和高度形象化影响了青少年想像力的培养及逻辑思维能力的发展。青少年处在思维和智力发展的重要时期，需要观看能开发其智力和思维的电视节目，电视节目应该教孩子学会诚实又机智，原则又灵活，善良又警惕。由于青少年的自我控制机制的建立尚不够完善，电视传媒高度清晰的图像和视听兼备的特点，容易使他们过分注重画面的出现，从而忽略了问题的产生，放弃了思考、追问事物本质的思维方式。同时，现代电视媒体高度形象化的倾向又容易诱导青少年用“看”的思维方式来认知世界，而排斥“想”的思维方式，使他们的想像力和创造力不断地下降。 four is in thinking. highly integrated and highly image of tv media influence the development of youth the cultivation of imagination and logical thinking ability. an important period of youth in the thinking and intellectual development, need to watch to develop their intelligence and thinking of television programs, television programs should teach children to honest and resourceful, principle and flexible, kind and alert. since the establishment of the mechanism of self-control teenagers are still not perfect, characteristic of tv media height clear images and audio-visual, easy to make them pay too much attention to the emergence of the screen, which ignores the problem, give up thinking, questioning the essence of thinking mode. at the same time, tendency of modern tv media highly visual and easy revulsive adolescent cognitive world with see way of thinking, to the exclusion of think way of thinking, to make their imagination and creativity continue to decline. 五是在休闲及生活方式上。电视传媒以其独特的魅力无时无刻不在吸引着充满好奇与幻想的青少年。一有时间他们便会坐在电视机前，陶醉于电视节目中，这对身体正处于生长发育的青少年会有极大的危害。据有关专家介绍，长时间坐在电视机前的青少年30患有缺铁性贫血、近视，脊椎及其他部位的疾患也明显偏高，这必须引起我们足够的重视。 five is in the leisure and lifestyle. tv media, with its unique charm attracts every hour and moment is not in full of curiosity and imagination of youth. for a time they would sit in front of the tv, reveling in the tv program, the body is in the growth and development of young people have great harm. according to experts, a long time sitting in front of the tv 30% adolescents with iron deficiency anemia, myopia, spinal and other parts of the disease is significantly higher, it must cause our enough attention. 看看电视上的娱乐休闲节目，能真正适合青少年观看的又有多少呢？少儿节目成人化，成人节目粗俗化，青少年怎会不受其影响。许多电视台的少儿节目里，未成年的孩子张嘴闭口都是大人们事先教好的成人化的语言，而不是孩子们的心声。而那些成人娱乐节目里，主持人和嘉宾经常开一些粗俗的玩笑来取悦观众，这些都会对青少年产生消极影响。不管怎样，电视媒体正以一种全新的方式冲击着现在这个多元的世界，它正以一种惊人的力量影响着人们特别是青少年的日常生活和心理结构，我们在欣喜地赞美其带来的好处的同时，决不能忽视它给青少年造成的种种消极影响。 have a look the television entertainment program, can really suitable for youth and how much? the children program adult, adult programs vulgarity, young people would not be affected by the. many television childrens program, the underage child mouth closed are people prior to teach good adult language, rather than the children. while those of adult entertainment, hosts and guests often some vulgar joke to please the audience, these will have a negative impact on the youth. anyway, tv media is the impact of this diverse world in a new way, it is a kind of amazing strength affects people especially the young people s daily life and mental structure, we praise the benefits in delight at the same time, must not ignore its negative influences caused by it to teenagers the. 二、解决电视媒体负面影响的对策 two countermeasures to solve the television media, the negative impact of the 我们仅仅了解到电视媒体对青少年的负面影响是不够的，对于可能或者正在出现的负面影响，我们应该积极采取对策，使这种负面影响降到尽可能低的程度，使广大青少年能健康、快乐地成长。在探求消除电视媒体负面影响的有效对策之前，我们首先应明确在电视与青少年的互动关系为考察核心的教育环境中的五个要素媒介主体、政府机构、教育组织、社会团体和家庭。作为一个宏观目标，较大限度地消除电视媒体对青少年的负面影响，还得通过以上五个要素的效能整合，在整个社会运行系统中实现。 we only know that the negative influence of tv media to adolescents is not enough, for the possible or negative influence emerging, we should actively take countermeasures, the negative influence to the lowest possible level, so that the majority of young people can be healthy, happy growth. before the effective measures to eliminate the negative effects of the tv media in the search, we should first clear five - media, government agencies, educational organizations, social groups and family factors in the interaction between tv and adolescents as the core of the educational environment. as a macroeconomic targets, a great extent to eliminate the negative effects of tv media on teenagers, have efficiency by combining the above five factors, in the whole social operation system. 一是政府的行政干预机制。政府行为是较大限度地消除电视媒体对青少年的负面影响的根本保障。新闻媒体与其所传播的信息是关乎社会公正和公众利益的重要公共资源。就我国而言，可以说全部的电视媒体均为政府机构的职能单位。这种政府电视的体制通常赋予电视媒体不同的权威。出于对政府的高度信任，公众往往对电视传播的信息深信不疑。在这样一种背景下，作为公众资源的管理主体，政府更加有义务，也有能力对电视媒体的传播行为进行监管。政府应在确保电视媒体业务独立的前提下，通过法律监督、制度规范与技术管制等三种方式介入监管程序。 二是社会的系统教化机制。社会教化体系狭义地理解，包括各系各类教育组织（学校）、家庭和社会团体。学校教育应该扮演媒介教育主阵地的角色。在教学教育活动中全面推行媒介教育，是消除电视媒体负面影响的有效对策。在课堂教学和团队活动等教育全程中渗透媒介教育，方式可以多样。即使在条件不成熟的学校也可以在课堂或班团队活动中，老师引导学生就电视媒体的影响、电视节目内容等相当具体的题目进行批判性分析、争论等。总之，传媒教育不可能也不应该从学校教育中剥离出来，而应成为有机成分，才能达到较好效果。one is the administrative intervention mechanism of the government. the government behavior is the fundamental guarantee to great extent to eliminate the negative effects of tv media on young people. the news media and the dissemination of information is an important public resources for social justice and public interests. as far as china is concerned, can be said that all of the tv media are the functions of government units. the government tv system usually gives tv media of different authority. because of the high degree of trust in government, the public tends to believe firmly television dissemination of information. in such a background, as a public resource management main body, the government more obligation, also has the ability to supervise the communication behavior of tv media. the government should ensure the television media service independent regulatory intervention program, through legal supervision, system specification and technical regulation in three ways. two is a system of educational mechanism of society. social education system narrowly interpreted, including the various educational organizations ( school ), family and social groups. school education should play the main role of media education. the full implementation of media education in the education teaching activities, is the effective measures to eliminate the negative effects of tv media. permeability of media education in the classroom teaching and team activities in the process of education, can be varied. even if the conditions are not ripe schools can be in class or class team activities, teachers guide students to affect, tv media television content quite specific topics of critical analysis, argument etc. in short, the media education can not be separated from the school education, but should become an organic component, can achieve good effect. 还有，家庭教育是媒介教育中肩负“启蒙”重任的关键环节。青少年最初接触电视是从家庭中开始的，在家庭中接触电视时间最长，因此，电视与青少年的互动关系在家庭中展开得最为充分。家庭成员尤其是家长对电视媒体的认知态度和感情倾向乃至批判能力，均对孩子有至关重要的影响。家长应该充分重视孩子的收视需求，与之充分沟通，进行必要的引导，而不是一味强调自己的收视好恶。also, the family education is the key to shoulder the responsibility of the media enlightenment in education. youth tv started from initial contact in the family, in the family tv for the longest time, therefore, the interactive relationship between television and children in the family out to the fullest. family members, especially parents of tv media s attitudes and emotional tendency and critical ability, influence is crucial for children. parents should pay full attention to the child s reception, fully communicate with, the necessary guidance, rather than blindly emphasizes his audience likes and dislikes. 此外，有必要提及社会力量。单纯媒体、学校和家庭，显然力量不够，应该动员社会中一切知识分子，尤其从事人文社科的工作者，以及各社会工作人员和公益团体一起努力，形成教化合力，才可能使青少年生存的整体精神环境获得优化。in addition, it is necessary to mention the social forces. simple media, school and family, obviously not enough strength, should all the intellectuals to mobilize society, especially in the humanities and social sciences of the workers, as well as the social work personnel and public interest groups to work together, forming a civilizing force, can make the whole spirit of juvenile survival environment optimization. 三是媒体的自律机制。three is the self-discipline mechanism of media.媒体是一个不容忽视的因素。作为大众正义良知的代言人和具有较高文化层次的社会单元，大众传播媒体应具有较高的职业道德自律水准和相对完善的行业制度自律机制。从道德自律层面讲，电视媒体从业人员应具备更严谨的职业作风、更强烈的社会责任感以及更全面的人文素养。信息的真实性和多样性、表达不同民族文化的自由、对青少年进行保护的义务和青少年通过电视传媒与互动服务获取知识的权利等等诸如此类的通讯道德的普遍准则，应成为电视从业人员秉持的基本职业理念。从制度自律层面讲，媒体内部应在制作、播出等重要流程段实施较为严格的审查制度。the media is a factor that can not be ignored. as a spokesman for the justice and conscience of the public and social unit has a higher cultural level, self-discipline mechanism of mass media should have high occupation morality level and relatively perfect industry system. from the moral self-discipline level, tv media practitioners should have a more rigorous occupation style, the sense of social responsibility of more intense and humane accomplishment more comprehensive. the authenticity of the information and the diversity of different cultures, expression freedom, on juvenile protection obligations and teenagers through tv media and interactive services to obtain knowledge rights and so on and so on communication moral common criteria, should become the basic concept of television employees with occupation. from the institutional autonomy level, media should broadcast the important procedure implemented more stringent review system in production. 电视制作与播出单位都有责任对播出后可能产生误导的信息进行必要的阐释。以电视暴力内容为例，如果确属必要而不得不涉及暴力内容，则制作和播出单位有义务同时在三个方面进行补充说明：首先，现实社会暴力并不像电视上表现得那么普遍，现实社会发生的暴力行为通常要受到社会道德和法律的相应惩罚；其次，社会不认为暴力是男子汉的英雄表现，相反是文明社会所不容的野蛮行为；此外暴力不是解决冲突或达到个人目标的有效方法。由此避免青少年在实际生活中模仿暴力来解决冲突。television production and broadcast units have the responsibility to broadcast may be necessary to explain misleading information. in order to tv violence as an example, if it is necessary to involve violence content, is the production and broadcast units have obligations at the same time make it in three aspects: first, the reality of social violence on tv and not so common, realistic social violence usually punished accordingly social morality and law; secondly, society does not think that violence is a heroic man, the opposite is the savage behavior can not be civilized society; in addition, violence is not the solution to the conflict or the effective method to achieve personal goals. thus avoid youngsters imitating violence in real life to resolve the conflic