新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第三册 Unit 5 Section B Decisions of the Heart1.ppt

contents reading skills test yourself reading comprehension n h c e 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社空军工程大学空军工程大学 understanding idiomatic expressions introductionintroduction practicepractice like the other skills for your use, the skill like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you better introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.able in reading. this practice is designed to help you get a this practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.deeper insight into the skill for this unit. n h c e 自测课文 introductionintroduction n h c e 自测课文back 阅读实践 随 笔 understanding idiomatic expressions the meaning of idiomatic expressions can be very hardeven impossibleto guess. word formations in dictionaries dont always help, and can even fool us entirely! idioms grow out of events and usage within the specific culture and that is why learning the cultural behavior is as importantand maybe more important in some instancesas learning the words if we are to achieve truly effective communication. n h c e 自测课文back 阅读实践 随 笔 to understand idiomatic expressions in a reading passage, one must be good at: 1) searching for context clues, 2) looking at examples if there are any, 3) finding explanations if there are any, 4) locating opposite or similar expressions. n h c e 自测课文back 阅读实践 随 笔 here are some examples picked up from reading passage a. example 1example 1 1. they are ice cold, and i quickly move to the wrist and feel for the faint pulse. (para. 4) feel for: try to find sth. by touch n h c e 自测课文back 阅读实践 随 笔 example 2example 2 she is too weak for conversation, so without asking, i go about providing for her needs. (para. 5) go about (doing sth.): start to work at sth. n h c e 自测课文back 阅读实践 随 笔 example 3example 3 3when i am finished, i pull a chair up beside the bed to face her and, taking her free hand between mine, again notice the long, thin fingers. (para. 6) pull a chair up: move a chair forward n h c e practicepractice 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 directionsdirections before you read text b, choose the best definition of each expression below. first you can start by guessing what the expressions probably mean. then scan the text for contextual clues to check your guessing. n h c e 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 1. on ones own a. keeping for oneself b. by oneself c. belonging to oneself 2. come along a. come together with b. turn up c. turn down n h c e 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 3. condemn to a. blame for b. criticize for c. confine to 4. take its course a. come to a natural end b. be on its course c. be responsible for n h c e 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 5. fight off a. be opposed to b. defeat c. struggle to prevent 6. in vain a. unsuccessfully b. effortlessly c. with difficulty n h c e 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 7. come by a. pass b. get c. appear 8. chances are (that) a. accidentally b. impossibly c. possibly n h c e 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 9. come down to a. move towards b. move near c. point to 10. bring in a. introduce b. gather c. yield reading comprehension choice making4. passage reading3. questions previewing2. new words1. n h c e 自测技巧 n h c e new wordsnew words 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 stroke n./vt. c 中风;抚摸 right-handed a.习惯用右手的 worthless a.无价值的，无用的 dependenta. 依赖的; 取决于的 x-rayn. c x光照片；x 射线 infectionn. 感染, 染病; 传染；感染 germn病菌；细菌 painkillern.止痛片 theoreticala.理论（上）的 helln地狱 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 vaina. 无用的；徒劳的;自负的 liver n. c, u 肝 relievevt.减轻 anti-cancer a.抗癌的 similarly ad.同样地；类似地 appetiten. c, u欲望；胃口 withdraw vt./v.收回；取消 recommendation n. 建议；劝告; 推荐 elect vt. 选择；决定; 选举 fortnightn.十四天；两星期 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 transparenta. 明显的；易懂的; 透明的 tube n.管；管子 throatn.咽喉，喉咙 insertvt.插入 directly ad.直接地 permissionn.许可，准许 necessityn. 必要性；需要; 必需品 cooperatevi.合作，协作 phasen.阶段；时期 sympathetica.有同情心的 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 so-calleda.所谓的；号称的 neutrala. 中立的 legala. （有关）法律的;合法的 professionn.职业 arbitrarya. 任意的；武断的 neutralityn. 中立 qualificationn. 资格；资历 intimatea. 亲近的；亲密的 intimatelyad. 亲密地 interferencen. 干涉，干预 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 barvt./n. 阻止；不许；酒吧 make oneself understood 说清楚自己的意思 (all) on ones own 单独地，独自地; 独立地 be dependent on 依赖，依靠 go on持续；继续 come along出现；来到 on the one hand. on the other hand. 一方面 ，另一方面 take/run its course自然发展 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 fight off 抵抗；击退 in vain徒劳 slip away悄悄溜走 come by得到，获得 chances are (that) it is likely that 很可能 come down to归结为 insist on 坚持；坚决要求 bring in使某人参加 n h c e questions previewingquestions previewing 自测技巧back 词汇学习 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 introductionintroduction for you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “fast reading”, text b can serve to be your fast-reading material. but, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming. thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. that is where the “question previewing” comes in. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 q. 1 she is right-handed, and now she is unable to move her right arm and legthey are _ to her. q. 2 now she is completely _ others. q. 3 we can make those days comfortable by _ her painkillers and sleeping pills. q. 4 “i dont want to _ condemning my mother to a living hell.” n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 q. 5 recently i operated _ on an eighty- year-old woman with cancer of the liver. q. 6 as a result, the poor man continued on for nearly three more months with a painful throat and frequent bleeding caused by _ in the mouth. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 q. 7 in 95 percent of the cases a _, reasonable decision can be made after appropriate discussion. q. 8 what we are trying to avoid is neutrality; the only people with any qualification to decide are those who know the patient _ and can put his or her interests first. n h c e passage readingpassage reading 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 chinese decisions of the heart para. 1 assume for a moment that your 90- year-old mother has recently suffered a stroke. she is right-handed, and now she is unable to move her right arm and legthey are worthless to her. she can make sounds, but she cant make herself understood. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 2 the condition has lasted two months and since there has been no sign of improvement, the doctor tells you she will never get significantly better. until this time your mother has always been an active, independent person who lived on her own. now she is completely dependent on others. para. 3 next, x-rays show your mother has a lung infectiona frequent problem with stroke patients. the doctor then calls you, her only surviving relative. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 4 “we can treat the infection with drugs and shell probably get better in a week,” he says. “when i say better, i mean shell go on as she hasuntil some other germ comes along. or i can deny her the medicine, in which case shell probably die in three or four days. we can make those days comfortable by giving her painkillers and sleeping pills. which course do you want me to follow? ” chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 5 tough question, isnt it? on the one hand, you cannot bear to see your once vigorous mother living the painful, limited life to which the stroke has condemned her. on the other hand, you hate to be the one to decide to let nature take its course. chinese para. 6 ill tell you which choice i would make in this theoretical situation. id say, “dont give her anything to fight the infection. keep her comfortable and lets see what happens; maybe shell fight off the infection on her own and if she doesnt, shell die a peaceful death. i dont want to be responsible for condemning my mother to a living hell.” n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 7 i can make this decision because ive gone down this road with patients many times. recently i operated in vain on an eighty-year-old woman with cancer of the liver. there was nothing i could do to relieve the problems the cancer had caused. she was an intelligent woman, without any close relatives, and a couple of days after the operation i sat down with her and explained the situation. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 8 “i can give you some anti-cancer drugs,” i said, “but they will make you sick and cannot cure you. similarly, i can give you fluids through a needle in your arm, which will keep you fed as your appetite slips away; the fluids might add a week or two to your life. or i can withdraw all other treatment and just give you a vitamin pill, and we can see what happens. personally, my recommendation would be the last choice. ill keep you comfortable, and well see what happens.” chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 9 the patient elected to follow my advice and died peacefully, pain free, a fortnight later. para. 10 sometimes such a transparent decision is more difficult to come by. recently i had a patient who suffered a severe stroke. he was completely unable to move and couldnt swallow anything. we gave him fluids for the first two weeks and then fed him through a tube which passed through his nose into his stomach. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 11a after three weeks he was still completely unconscious, and the tube caused him to have a constant, painful sore throat. i talked to his four grown children and told them i thought we should insert a tube directly into his stomach through a small hole so he could be fed without so much pain. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 11b i also told them, “i can remove the tube and just let him swallow whatever he can. chances are he wont live long, but he wont be in pain.” no one wanted to take the responsibility for permitting an operation, yet no one would give permission to stop feeding the patient entirely. chinese 句型 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 12 as a result, the poor man continued on for nearly three more months with a painful throat and frequent bleeding caused by sores in the mouth. he died of a major infectiona sad way to die. para. 13 so what should responsible persons do when confronted with the necessity of such an enormous decision? chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 14 what it all comes down to is common sense. for the 30 years i have been a doctor, and for hundreds of years before that, doctors and families have been quietly cooperating to decide what is best for a patient in the final phase of an illness. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 15 in 95 percent of the cases a sympathetic, reasonable decision can be made after appropriate discussion. in 5 percent of cases where such a judgment cannot immediately be reached, the proper decision will become apparent after a few days or weeks of basic treatment, observing the patients progress. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 16 let me sound one note of warning. neither families nor doctors like to make life- death decisions. but there is no question that if either party insists on bringing in a so-called “neutral” third party (usually some representative of the state or legal profession), not only will the process take longer, in many instances it will be more arbitrary and less sympathetic. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 17 what we are trying to avoid is neutrality; the only people with any qualification to decide are those who know the patient intimately and can put his or her interests first. if theres one place from which the interference of lawyers and government officials should be barred, its from the rooms of critically ill patients. chinese n h c e choice makingchoice making 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 课文阅读 1. she is right-handed, and now she is unable to move her right arm and legthey are _ to her. a. worthless b. useful 2. 2. now she is completely _ others.now she is completely _ others. a. a. r relying on b. considerate ofelying on b. considerate of refer to para.1 refer to para.2 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 课文阅读 3. 3. we can make those days comfortable by _ her painkillers and sleeping pills. a. giving b. denying 4. “i dont want to _ condemning my mother to a living hell.” a. bear responsibility for b. avoiding refer to para.4 refer to para.6 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 课文阅读 refer to para. 3b. 5. recently i operated _ on an eighty-year-5. recently i operated _ on an eighty-year- old woman with cancer of the liver.old woman with cancer of the liver. a. a. in vainin vain b. with a successful result b. with a successful result 6. as a result, the poor man continued on for 6. as a result, the poor man continued on for nearly three more months with a painful nearly three more months with a painful throat and frequent bleeding caused by _ throat and frequent bleeding caused by _ in the mouth.in the mouth. a. sores b. rotten teeth a. sores b. rotten teeth refer to para.7 refer to para.12 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 课文阅读 7. in 95 percent of the cases a _, reasonable 7. in 95 percent of the cases a _, reasonable decision can be made after appropriate decision can be made after appropriate discussion.discussion. a. sympathetic a. sympathetic b. merciless b. merciless refer to para.15 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 课文阅读 8. what we are trying to avoid is neutrality; the only people with any qualification to decide are those who know the patient _ and can put his or her interests first. a. closely b. barely refer to para.17 test yourself compound dictation in-depth reading n h c e 课文技巧 n h c e compound dictationcompound dictation 课文技巧back you will hear a passage three times. when the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from s1 to s8 with the exact words you have just heard. for blanks numbered s9 to s11 you are required to fill in missing information. for these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. now listen to the passage. directions: 阅读填空 随 笔 the library of congress is americas national library. it has millions of books and other objects. it has newspapers, s1 _ publications as well as letters of s2 _ interest. it also has maps, photographs, art s3 _, movies, sound recordings and musical s4 _. all together, it has more than 100 million objects. the library of congress is open to the public monday through saturday, except for public s5 _. n h c e 课文技巧back popular historical prints instruments holidays 阅读填空 随 笔 anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. but no one is s6 _ to take books out of the building. the library of congress was s7 _ in 1800. it started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the capitol building. by 1814, the collection had increased to about 3,000 books. they were all s8 _ that year when the capitol was burned down during americas war with britain. n h c e 课文技巧back permitted established destroyed 阅读填空 随 笔 to help re-build the library, congress bought the books of president thomas jefferson. mister jeffersons collection included 7,000 books in seven languages. s9 _ _. today, three buildings hold the librarys collection. n h c e 课文技巧back in 1897, the library moved into its own building across the street from the capitol 阅读填空 随 笔 s10 _ _ _ _. it buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. it also gets materials through its copyright office. s11 _ _ _. this means the library of congress receives almost everything that is published in the united states. n h c e 课文技巧back the library provides books and materials to the us congress and also lends books to other american libraries, government agencies and foreign libraries anyone who wants copyright protection for a publication in the us must send two copies to the library 阅读填空 随 笔 n h c e in-depth readingin-depth reading 课文技巧back in this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. you are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank above the passage. read the passage through carefully before making your choices. directions: 复合听写 随 笔 appointed need encourage plus excited similarlyinsistence chargeoptimum outline disappointed remarkab