《美丽中国》第一集2 龙之心.ppt

tasting notestasting notes part iipart ii i.warming-up questioni.warming-up question franois langur (trachypithecus francoisi), also known as francois leaf monkey, tonkin leaf monkey, or white side-burned black langur is a species of lutung and the type species of its species group. it is the least studied of the species belonging to the colobinae subfamily. ii.background knowledgeii.background knowledge cormorant fishing is a traditional fishing method in which fishermen use trained cormorants to fish in rivers. historically, cormorant fishing has taken place in japan and china since about 960 ad. this technique has also been used in other countries but is currently under threat in china. the chinese giant salamander (andrias davidianus) is the largest salamander and largest amphibian in the world, reaching a length of 180 cm (5.9 ft), although it rarelyif everreaches that size today. it is endemic to rocky, mountain streams and lakes in china. it also occurs in taiwan, probably as a result of introduction. it is considered critically endangered due to habitat loss, pollution, and overcollection, as it is considered a delicacy and used in traditional chinese medicine. it has been listed as one of the top 10 “focal species“ in 2008 by the evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered (edge) project. gorge gd n. 峡谷；胃；暴食；咽喉；障碍物vt. 使吃饱； 吞下；使扩张vi. 拚命吃；狼吞虎咽n. (gorge)人名；(西)戈赫 ；(法)戈尔热 focal fk()l adj. 焦点的，在焦点上的；灶的，病灶的 primate pramet; -mt n. 大主教；灵长类的动物；首领adj. 灵长目动物的；首要的 langur lg; lng n. 脊椎 叶猴（一种长尾猴） ginger dnd n. 姜；姜黄色；精力；有姜味vt. 用姜给 调味；使某人有活力adj. 姜黄色的n. (ginger)人名；(法)然热； (英)金杰 roost rust n. 栖木；鸟窝；群栖的禽鸟vi. 栖息；安歇vt. 使 栖息；为提供歇息处n. (roost)人名；(德)罗斯特 oze uz vt. 渗出；泄漏vi. 渗出；泄漏n. 地质 软泥 python pan n. 巨蟒；大蟒n. （法）皮东（人名） prowler pral n. 徘徊者；小偷 troop trup n. 军队；组；群；多数vi. 群集；成群而行；结 队vt. 把（骑兵）编成骑兵连 niche ni; nt n. 壁龛；合适的职业；亦称作 niche market 【商业】有利可图的市场(或形势等)vt. 放入壁龛 trek trek n. 艰苦跋涉vt. （牛）拉（货车）；搬运vi. 艰苦跋 涉n. (trek)人名；(阿拉伯)特里克 vault vlt 美 vlt n. 拱顶；撑竿跳；地下室vi. 跳跃；成穹 状弯曲vt. 做成圆拱形；撑竿跳过 revenue revnju n. 税收，国家的收入；收益 guano gwn n. 海鸟粪；鱼肥料；鸟粪石vt. 施海鸟肥料 n. (guano)人名；(意)瓜诺 crevice krevs n. 裂缝；裂隙 minnow mn n. 鱼 鲦鱼（一种小淡水鱼） eon in n. 永世；无数的年代；极长时期n. (eon)人名；(法) 埃翁 cormorant km()r()nt n. 鸬鹚；贪婪的人adj. 贪婪的 noose nus n. 套索；束缚；绞刑vt. 用套索捉；使落入圈套 hatch ht n. 孵化；舱口vt. 孵；策划vi. 孵化n. (hatch)人名 ；(西)阿奇；(英)哈奇 tally tl n. 计数器；标签；记账vt. 使符合；计算；记录vi. 一致；记分n. (tally)人名；(英)塔利 tiddler tdl n. 小鱼；小孩儿 tubular tjubjl adj. 管状的 contraption kntrp()n n. 奇妙的装置；精巧的设计 nymph nmf n. 女神；居于山林水泽的仙女；美丽的少女； 蛹 gourmet gme; g- n. 美食家;菜肴;精美的 reckon rek()n vt. 测算，估计；认为；计算vi. 估计；计算； 猜想，料想 sandstone sn(d)stn 美 sndston n.砂岩 newt njut n. 蝾螈；笨蛋；新手 salamander sl,mnd n. 火蜥蜴；蝾螈目动物；耐火的 人；烤箱 amphibian mfbn n. 脊椎 两栖动物；水陆两用飞机； 具有双重性格的人adj. 两栖类的；车辆 水陆两用的；具有双 重性格的 army, force, troop army 军队，着重指军队这 个整体，包括陆海空三 军。当与navy和air force并列使用时，则指陆军。如 ：we will have not only a powerful army but also a powerful air force and a powerful navy.(我们不但要有 强大的陆军，而且要有强大的空军和海军。) force 军队，部队，着重指武力，常用复数。如： forces were sent out to stop the conflict.派出武装部队 制止这场冲突。 troop 部队，着重指构成军队的士兵成员，常用复数 。如：they sent the troops to the front.他们把军队派 往前线。 like most monkeys, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time grooming each other. 1. 在使用spend时时,主语语只能是表示人的名词词或代词词。例如: andy spent a lot of money on books. andy花了很多钱买书钱买书 。 2. 若表示“在上花费费(时间时间 、金钱钱等)“,常用句型spend some money/ some time on sth.,介词词on后接名词词或代词词。例 如: kitty spends two hours on her homework every day. kitty每 天花两个小时时做家庭作业业。 3. 若表示“花费费(时间时间 、金钱钱等)做某事“,则则常用句型spend some money / some time (in) doing sth.,此时时第二个动词动词 要用 动词动词 -ing形式,介词词in可以省略。例如: they spent 4450 yuan buying the big colour tv set. 他们买们买 那 台大彩电电花了4450元。 one section of cliff oozes a trickle of mineral- rich water which the monkeys seem to find irresistible. 词组短语 seem to be 看来，好像 seem like 看起来像；看上去像；好像 seem to do 似乎做；好像 词语辨析 look 指从外表上看, look like his father appear 指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, seem 指内心的判断, though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter, they never stray走失further than the limits of daylight, as their eyes cant see in the dark. depend用法 1. 信赖，信任，相信，确信，对有信心(通常与on或upon连 用)： you may depend on the accuracy of the report. 你可以信赖报告的准确性。 2. 依赖，依靠(通常与on或upon连用)： children depend on their parents. 孩子们依靠父母亲。 3. 取决于，决定(于)，因(或随、依)而定，靠，凭(通常与on 或upon连用): her success here depends upon effort and ability. 她在这里的成功靠努力和能力。 4. 悬而未决，看情况而定： i may go to america or i may not,it all depends. 我也许去美国，也许不去，要视情况而定。 5. (诉讼等)悬而未决，尚待决定 6. 【语法学】(单词或其他语言形式)从属于(其他语言形式) 7. 吊着，吊挂，悬挂，悬垂，下垂(通常后接from): the chandelier depends from the ceiling of the ballroom. 枝形吊灯悬挂在舞厅天花板上。 it was thought to be the oldest animal on earth. 词组短语同近义词同根词词语辨析 think something of oneself 自命不凡,自以为了不起亦作 think oneself something think of 记起，想起；考虑；想像；关心 do you think 你认为 think about 考虑 think to oneself 盘算；自思自忖 what do you think 你认为呢；你觉得如何 think so 如此想法 think for oneself 独立思考 think twice 再三考虑；重新考虑 think over 仔细考虑；重新考虑 think for 认为，预料 think big n. 野心勃勃，好高鹜远 think it over 仔细考虑一下；好好想想 think oneself as 自认为是 think highly of 高度评价，尊重 think back 回想 think on v. 考虑；思量 think up 想出；发明；虚构 reckon, think, count, consider, deem, regard, believe 这组词这组词 都有“认为认为 ”的意思，其区别别是： reckon 指对人或事作全面“权衡”，把各方面意见考 虑进去后得出结论。 think 普通用词，指按照自己的意见提出看法。 count 指作出判断后而得出的看法等。 consider 指经过考虑和观察后得出的结论。 deem 正式用词，常用于法律、文学，强调作判断而 不是思考。 regard 侧重凭外表或表面现象作判断。多强调观点 。 believe 通常指根据一定的证据，经思考后而认为属 实。 think, reason, muse, speculate, meditate, deliberate, reflect 这组词都有“思考、判断、思索”的意思，其区别是： think 一般用词，指开动脑筋形成看法或得出结论的脑力活动 。不着重结论是否正确，见解是否有用。 reason 指根据资料、证据或事实进行推断，作出结论或判断 的逻辑思维活动。 muse 通常指漫无目的地猜想。 speculate 指推论过程，隐含在证据不足的基础上作出推测或 设想。 meditate 语气较强，指认真地长时间集中精力进行思考。 deliberate 指缓慢、按部就班地作仔细而认真的思考或判断。 reflect 指回想或回顾，侧重认真而冷静地反复地思考某个问 题，尤指对已发生事情的思索。 realize, fancy, think, imagine, conceive 这组词都有“在思想中形成一个看法或观念”的意思，其区别是： realize 指领悟，通过生动的构思或想象从而抓住事物的本质 。 fancy 与imagine略不同，往往指的是不切实际的，属于梦幻 般的想象。 think 最普通用词，指想或思索，也指由反复思考而作出判断 或得出结论等。 imagine 比conceive更强调形象思维，指在头脑中形成一个清 晰明确的意象。 conceive 指在头脑中组织好自己的思想，在心中形成一个系 统的思想或一个见解。 video showvideo show part iipart ii 1. what would a langurs life be like? this is one of the worlds rarest primates灵长类, francois langur 黑叶猴. in china they _in just two southern provinces, guizhou and guangxi, always in rugged崎岖的limestone terrains地形. like most _, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time grooming修饰each other. langurs are essentially vegetarian with a _of buds芽, fruits and tender young leaves. babies are born with ginger fur, which gradually turns black from the tail end. young _have a vice- like grip 虎钳般的爪, used to cling on to mum for dear life 拼命地. as they get older, they get bolder and take more_. those that survive spend a lot of time travelling. survivemonkeysdiet infants risks 2. why langurs are “good rock climbers”, and why do they limb rocks? the experienced _know exactly where to find seasonal foods in different parts of their range. in such steep terrain, _involves a high level of climbing skill. these monkeys are spectacularly good rock _from the time they learn to walk. in langur society, _rule the roost 做主and take the lead when the family is on the_. one section of cliff悬崖oozes渗出a trickle of mineral-rich water which the monkeys seem to find irresistible. adultstravelclimbersfemalesmove 3. what is the “revenue税收”, and what is the source of it? in southern china, caves arent just used for_; they can be a source of revenue for the community. people have been visiting this cave for_. the cave floor is covered in guano鸟粪, so plentiful that 10 minutes work can fill these farmers baskets. its used as a valuable source of_. a clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river. the sound _high up in the roof of the cave. the entrance is full of swifts雨燕. theyre very sociable birds. more than 200,000 of them share this cave in southern guizhou province, the _swift colony in china.sheltergenerations fertilizer originatesbiggest 5. how do the fishermens cormorants fish in the li river? the men, all called huang, come from the same_. now in their 70s and 80s, theyve been fishermen all their lives. before they release the_, they tie a noose绳套 loosely around the neck to stop them swallowing any fish they may_. chanting and dancing, the huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge冒险尝试. underwater, the cormorants hunting instinct本能kicks in腿打 水游进, turning them into fish-seeking missiles. working together, a good cormorant _can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning. the birds return to the raft with their fish because theyve been trained to do so. from the time it first hatched, each of these cormorants has been reared培养to a life of obedience to its_. villagebirdscatchteammaster 4. how do the bats fish? however, deep _the cavern, other creatures are better equipped for subterranean地下的life. a colony of bats is just waking up, using ultrasonic超声波squeaks吱吱声to orientate给.定位themselves in the_. night is the time to go_. ricketts mouse-eared bat is the only bat in asia which specializes in catching fishes, tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface. this extraordinary _was only discovered in the last couple of years, and has never been filmed before. if catching fish in the dark is impressive印象深刻的, _eating a slippery minnow鲦鱼with no hands while hanging upside down. inside darkness huntingbehaviorimagine 6. how does geng zhong sheng fish, and what does he fish? gengs net is a strange tubular contraption装置with a closed-off end. more than a hundred _make their living from the lake. its mineral-rich waters are highly productive, and there are _everywhere. the next morning, geng returns with his son to collect his catch. at first_, it looks disappointing. tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling蠕动_小虫. geng doesnt seem too downhearted垂头丧气的. the larger fish are kept alive, the only way theyll stay _in the heat. fishermen netssightbugsfresh 7. what does the narrator say about the swinhoes turtle海龟in the buddhist temple near shanghai? according to the monks, the turtle had been given to the temple during the _dynasty, over 400 years ago. it was thought to be the _animal on earth. soft-shelled turtles are _a gourmet食 客delicacy美味by many chinese, and when it was filmed, this was one of just _swinhoes turtles left alive in china, the rest of its kind having been rounded up围捕and eaten. sadly, just a few weeks after filming, this ancient creature_. mingoldest consideredthree died 8. why does the narrator say “the answer to extinction灭绝is protection”? despite being classed as a protected_, giant salamanders娃娃鱼 are still illegally sold for food and the _fish is now rare and endangered in the wild. fortunately, in a few areas like zhangjiajie, giant salamanders still _ under strict official protection. species baby survive 1. like most monkeys, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time ( )each other. 2. one section of cliff oozes a trickle of mineral- rich water which the monkeys seem to find( ). grooming irresistible entertain; impact; according to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture 3. during cold winter weather, the monkeys ( )deeper underground where the air stays comparatively warm. 4. in southern china, caves arent just used for shelter; they can be a source of ( )for the community. venture revenue entertain; impact; according to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture 5. though the swifts ( )the cave for shelter, they never stray further than the limits of daylight, as their eyes cant see in the dark. 6. this extraordinary behaviour was only discovered in the last couple of years, and has never been ( )before. depend on filmed entertain; impact; according to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture 7. and this 1,300-year-old tradition is now practised mostly to ( ) tourists. 8. so geng and his fellow fishermen have so far had little ( )on their numbers. entertain impact entertain; impact; according to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture 9. ( )the monks, the turtle had been given to the temple during the ming dynasty, over 400 years ago. 10. of these, the tianzi mountain reserve at zhangjiajie is perhaps the most visited by chinese nature lovers, who come to ( 对惊奇)the gravity-defying抗拒地心吸引力 landscape of soaring高耸的sandstone pinnacles尖峰. according to marvel at entertain; impact; according to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture dynasty, filmed, thought, considered, delicacy, rounded, creature, reckoned, freshwater, individuals in may 2007, a wild china camera team ( )this peculiar swinhoes turtle in the temples fish pond. according to the monks, the turtle had been given to the temple during the ming( ), over 400 years ago. it was ( )to be the oldest animal on earth. dynasty filmed thought vii.vii.choose the best word or expression with its choose the best word or expression with its proper form from the the list given to each proper form from the the list given to each blank.blank. soft-shelled turtles are ( )a gourmet ( )by many chinese, and when it was filmed, this was one of just three swinhoes turtles left alive in china, the rest of its kind having been ( )up and eaten. sadly, just a few weeks after filming, this ancient ( )died. the remaining ( )of its species are currently kept in separate zoos and swinhoes