英语语法 宾语补足语.ppt

定义 英语中有一些及物动词，除了有一个 宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，句义才 完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let 等。 形式 可以充当宾语补足语的一般为名 词，形容词，介词短语，不定式，分词 ，副词。可以简记为：名、形、介短、 不、分、副。 most pop singers make music their career. i dont consider mr. smith my friend. all this noise will drive me mad. i want to have my room clean and tidy. please make yourself at home. he found himself in the hospital when he woke up. his father asked him not to make friends with such fellows. we persuaded him to redesign the whole machine. he kept me waiting for a long time. well keep you informed. keep him out. is that jessica? let her in. 应注意的问题 某些表示独一无二的职务的名词 如 manager, mayor, monitor, head ,chairman ,president 等作宾语补 足语时，名次前不用冠词。 eg. we choose jennifer chairperson. 2. 表示感官的动词（如see, watch, notice, observe, hear, listen to, feel, find等）以及 表示使役的动词（如have, make, let等） 作谓语时， 用不带to的不定式作宾语不足 语，但变为被动语态时，不定式要带to。 she was heard to sing many english songs. i heard her sing many english songs. 3. 分词（短语）作宾语补足语时，若表示宾 语与补足语之间是主动关系，则用现在分 词；若表示宾语与补足语之间是被动关系 ，则用过去分词。 eg. i saw the old man knocked down by a car. i saw the train coming into the station. 4. 感官动词用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语 ，表示动作的全过程；用现在分词作宾语 补足语，表示动作正在进行。 eg. i saw him cross the street. i saw him crossing the street. 5. 某些过去分词如seated, hidden, dressed, disappointed等，由于源自系表结构，故 一般不用它们的现在分词形式作宾补。 eg. i found her seated on the grass just now. 单句改错 the speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself understand. we all elected jason the monitor. the teacher asked us not make so much noise. - what a nice fire you have in your fireplace! - during the winter i like my house warmly and comfortable. 5. dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth. 6. it was a pity that the great writer died of his work unfinished. 7. he pushed the door opening. 8. she looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passengers. 9. with a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 10. when i came in, i found a boy hide behind the door. answers understand-understood 去掉the 3. not