英语课件：人教版必修三Unit4SectionⅡ.ppt

Section Warming Up & Reading Language Points 速效提能演练 Unit 1 重点难点探究 Section 重点难点探究 1However，according to a widely accepted theory，the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. 然而，一种普遍为为人们们所接受的理论论是：宇宙 起源于一次“大爆炸”，这这次大爆炸将物质质投 射到四面八方。 品味经典 When the police arrived，the crowd ran away in all directions. 警察一到，人群就向四面八方跑开了。 自我探究 in all directions in every direction朝四面八方 。 归纳归纳 拓展 (1)direction n方向；指导导；(通常作复数)指示， 命令，说说明书书 (2)a sense of direction方向感 in/from the direction of.朝着/来自方向 under the direction of sb.under ones direction 在某人的指导导下 He has a good sense of direction. 他的方向感很好。 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (1)汤汤姆朝一个方向走，哈里则则朝另一个方向走。 Tom went off _ and Harry _. 答案：in one direction；in another (2)他在我的指导导下做这这件事。 He did the work _. 答案：under my direction (3)请请遵照此药药的使用说说明。 _ the use of the medicine. 答案：Follow the directions for (4)我看到一个妇妇女在黑暗中正冲我跑来，我还还未 来得及认认出她，她就从她来的方向跑回去了。 I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was， she had run back in the direction _. 答案：from which she had come 2They were in time to produce carbon， nitrogen，water vapour and other gases， which were to make the earths atmosphere. 最终产终产 生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体， 从而形成了地球的大气层层。 品味经经典 They caught the bus in time. 他们们及时时赶上了汽车车。 The storm was in time to stop before the sports meeting. 暴雨终终于在运动动会开始前停了下来。 If you keep on，you will succeed in time. 如果坚坚持下去，你们总们总 有一天会成功的。 自我探究 in time 及时时；终终于；迟迟早，总总有一天。 归纳归纳 拓展 ahead of time 提前，提早 all the time 一直；始终终 at a time 一次，每次；在时时候 atno time 决不 at one time 一度；同时时 at the same time 同时时；尽管如此 at times 有时时；偶尔 for the time being 暂时暂时 from time to time 不时时地，间间或 in no time 立即，立刻 on time 按时时，准时时 kill time 消遣；消磨时时光 take ones time 不着急；慢慢来 牛刀小试试 选选用上述词组词组 完成句子 (1)With five hungry children seated around the table，the food，disappeared _. (2)Its better to _ at this job than to hurry and make mistakes. (3)She would surely lose her place if she were not _ for the meeting that day. 答案：(1)in no time (2)take your time (3)in time 3What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. 很多科学家相信，由于地球上长长期有水的存在，使 地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质质溶解在海洋里。 品味经典 Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children. 你吸烟会危及孩子的健康。 It is harmful to your heath to drink too much. 过过量饮饮酒对对你的身体有害。 自我探究 harmful adj. 有害的；造成伤伤害的。 归纳归纳 拓展 be harmful to sb./sth. 对对某人/某物有害 harm n.& vt. 伤伤害，损损害 do harm to 对对有害 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (2011年杭州高一检测检测 改编编)不要做任何对对自然有 害的事，否则则我们们人类类就会过过得不快乐乐。 Please dont _ our nature，or we humans will _ each other. 答案：do anything harmful to；have no fun with 4These animals were different from all life forms in the past，because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. 这这些动动物不同于以往所有的生命形式，因为为它们们 能从体内生产产出幼仔并给给幼仔哺乳。 品味经经典 Giving birth to a baby is a dreadful thing for the poor. 生儿育女对对于穷穷人来说说是一件可怕的事情。 This event gave birth to peace movement. 这这次事件引发发了和平运动动。 自我探究 give birth to(sb./sth.)产产生；分娩。 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (1)信不信由你，那位老妇妇人生了6个孩子，但没 有一个活下来。 Believe it or not，the old lady _，but none survived. (2)对历对历 史的研究孕育了社会科学。 _ the study of history_ the social sciences. 答案：(1)gave birth to 6 babies (2)It was； that gave birth to 5Thus they have，in their turn，become the most important animals on the planet. 于是，它们们接着成为这为这 个星球上最重要的动动物。 品味经经典 This week I am to do the housework in my turn. 这这一周该该我做家务务了。 When it is in my turn，I am too excited to speak. 当轮轮到我时时，我激动动得都说说不出话话来了。 自我探究 in ones turn 轮轮到某人；接着。 归纳归纳 拓展 in turn 依次，轮轮流；反之，反过过来 by turns 轮轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth. 轮轮流做某事 It is ones turn to do sth.轮轮到某人做某事 They answered the teachers questions in turn. 他们们依次回答老师师的问题问题 。 We did the work by turns. 我们们是轮轮流做这项这项 工作的。 It is your turn to read the text. 该轮该轮 到你读课读课 文了。 We take turns to do the housework. 我们轮们轮 流做家务务。 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (1)我们们是轮轮流做这项这项 工作的。 We did the work _. (2)那些女孩儿逐一报报出自己的名字。 The girls called out their names _. (3)然后，他们们接着去营营救困在大火中的人。 Then，they _ to save the people who were trapped in the big fire. 答案：(1)by turns (2)in turn (3)were in their turn 6They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 它们们把过过多的二氧化碳排放到大气层层中，这这使地球 上的热热不能释释放到太空中去。 品味经典 We must prevent them from making trouble. 我们们必须须防止他们捣们捣 乱。 There was nothing to prevent her from doing so. 什么也不能阻止她这样这样 做。 自我探究 prevent sb.from doing sth.使(某人)不做某事， 阻止(某人)做某事，有时时from可省略，而构成 prevent sb.doing sth.结结构。 归纳归纳 拓展 阻止某人做某事 prevent宾语宾语 (from) doing stop宾语宾语 (from) doing keep宾语宾语 from doing 注意：在主动语态动语态 中prevent与stop可省去 from，而在被动语态动语态 里from均不可省去。 keep sb./sth.from 中的from不能省略。 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (1)下雨使我们们不能踢足球了。 The rain _. (2)人们们采取行动动，防止了环环境的恶恶化。 People took measures and this _. 答案：(1)prevented us from playing football (2)prevented the environment from getting worse 7How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. 地球上生命的起源是科学家们难们难 以解决的最大疑 惑之一。 品味经典 Its quite a puzzle to us why he did that. 他为为何那样样做，我们们完全搞不懂。 The question puzzled them. 那个问题问题 把他们难们难 住了。 自我探究 puzzle n迷，难题难题 ，困惑 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑，( 使)为难为难 。 归纳归纳 拓展 be in a puzzle 感到困惑 puzzle about/over 苦苦思考 puzzled adj.困惑的，迷惑不解的 puzzling adj.令人迷惑不解的 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (1)她困惑的表情暗示了她正苦苦思考那个令人困 惑的数学问题问题 。 The _ look on her face suggested she was _ the _ math problem. 答案：puzzled；puzzling over；puzzling (2)(2011年长长沙高一检测检测 改编编)那个男孩的失踪 让让警察很困惑。 The boys missing _. 答案：made the police puzzled 8What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 随后它会变变成什么没人能知道，直到3845亿亿年 前，这团尘这团尘 埃才形成一个固体的球状物。 句型巧析句型巧析 品味经典 As a young man he didnt know he was to win world fame later on. 年轻时轻时 ，他不知道自己日后会举举世闻闻名。 He was to regret that decision for the rest of his life. 他一定会为为那个决定后悔余生。 自我探究 此处处“be不定式”结结构表示注定会发发生的事。 归纳归纳 拓展 “be不定式”结结构还还可以表示下列情形： (1)表示事先安排或计计划要做的事； (2)表示“必须须”，相当于should和ought to。 The new rule is to be carried out very soon. 这项这项 新制度很快就要实实行。 Mirror told me that she was to settle in China. 米拉告诉诉我她要在中国定居。 You are to wait here until I return. 你在这这里等到我来。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals. 这这种药饭药饭 后吃一天三次。 牛刀小试试 翻译译句子 (1)看电视电视 之前你必须须做作业业。 _ _ (2)他注定要成为钢为钢 琴家。 _ _ 答案：(1)You are to do your homework before you watch TV. (2)He was to become a pianist. 9This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop. 这这就产产生了一个连锁连锁 反应应，使生命的发发展成为为 可能。 品味经典 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to arrive on time. 大雨使我们们不可能准时时到达。 Tina made it clear that she would leave the company. 蒂娜明确表示她将离开这这家公司。 自我探究 在“make宾语宾语 宾补宾补 ”结结构中，当make的 宾语宾语 是动词动词 不定式或that引导导的从句等时时，常用 it作形式宾语宾语 ，而把真正的宾语宾语 后置。 归纳归纳 拓展 与make有类类似用法的动词动词 有consider，find， believe，imagine，feel，think等。 I consider it reasonable to tell her beforehand. 我认为认为 提前告诉诉她是有道理的。 I find it impossible to make some change. 我发现发现 要做出改变变是不可能的。 I think it no use quarrelling with him. 我认为认为 和他争吵是没有用的。 牛刀小试试 完成句子 (1)他很清楚地向我们们表明他不想接那份工作。 He _ that _ take the job. (2)中国的迅速发发展使学中文在全世界变变得重要起 来。 The rapid development of China _ across the world. (3)我觉觉得我有责责任帮助你。 I _ to help you. (4)(2011年高考山东东卷改编编)这这两个小女孩如此相 像，以至于陌生人很难难辨别别出彼此。 The two girls are so alike that strangers _. 答案：(1)made it clear to us；he didnt want to (2)makes it important to study Chinese (3)felt it my duty (4)find it difficult to tell one from the other 译译文助读读 HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH No one knows exactly how the earth began， as it happened so long ago.However， according to a widely accepted theory，the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.After that，atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.For several billion years after the “Big Bang”，the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon，nitrogen，water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down， water began to appear on its surface. Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but，unlike the earth，it had disappeared later.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop. Many millions of years later，the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen， which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next， green plants began to grow on land.They were followed in time by land animals.Some were insects.Others，called amphibians， were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later when the plants grew into forests， reptiles appeared for the first time.They produced young generally by laying eggs.After that，some huge animals，called dinosaurs，developed.They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.However,65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended.Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth. These animals were different from all life forms in the past，because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals，now with hands and feet，appeared and spread all over the earth.Thus they have，in their turn，become the most important animals on the planet.But they are not looking after the earth very well. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.As a result of this，many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 地球上生命的起源 没有人确切知道地