应用型大学英语综合教程第三册U1.ppt

应用型大学英语综合教程,上海交通大学出版社,应用型大学英语系列教材,Book ,2,上海交通大学出版社,Language in Use,Enhancement of Language Abilities,Unit 3,Unit Six,Table of Contents,Language Skills Development,3,上海交通大学出版社,Focus1 content,Starter,Text: The one-day war,Working with words and phrases,Discussion,Practice: interpreting,Practice: translation,Practice: writing,Surfing the Internet,Highlights,Table of Contents,Part 1 Language Skills Development,4,上海交通大学出版社,focus1highlights,Highlights S: Suicide: why? L: Suicide and clues R: The one-day war W: Sentence connectors Internet work: Introducing one particular battle in the American Civil War,Part 1 Language Skills Development,5,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,focus1starter,A. Suicide: why?,6,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,focus1starter,1. Look at the following suicide pictures and discuss in pairs what can be the cause of peoples committing suicide.,There can be various causes for people to commit suicide, for instance, suffering from an incurable disease like cancer or extreme poverty or depression, being deep in debt, being insulted or too much ashamed of something, being unfortunate in love or having lost ones beloved, religious or political beliefs, esp. cult-like ones, etc. One thing in common for suicides is despair.,7,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,focus1starter,2. Try to imagine what can bring two opposing armies to commit suicide.,One army may commit suicide for being defeated and refusing to surrender, but its a crazy thing for two opposing armies to commit suicide at the same time. They might be influenced by some mysterious force.,8,B. Listen to a passage and fill in the blanks.,focus1starter,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,9,focus1starter,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,1. Suicide affects people of all ages, especially _. The National Center for Health Statistics ranked suicide as _ of adolescent death, as it claimed the lives of approximately 5,000 American teenagers and young adults in the mid-1990s. Direct verbal threats such as “I am going to kill myself,” or “I am going to swallow a bottle of aspirin” _ and should be taken seriously.,teenagers and young adults,the third leading cause,leave nothing to the imagination,10,Suicide and Clues Suicide is defined as the deliberate killing of oneself. Tragically, suicide is a problem that affects people of all ages, especially teenagers and young adults. In fact, suicide is the most rapidly growing cause of death among youth between the ages of fifteen and twenty-four. In the mid-1990s, the National Center for Health Statistics ranked suicide as the third leading cause of adolescent death, as it claimed the lives of approximately 5,000 American teenagers and young adults. In addition, the number of recorded deaths by suicide is apparently an underestimate of reality since a large number of completed suicides go unreported or are labeled as accidents.,focus1starter,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,11,focus1starter,上海交通大学出版社,1. Starter,Most people who are suicidal put out warning signs to the public as a cry for help. They either directly or indirectly tell or show others about their suicide plan. Direct verbal threats such as “I am going to kill myself” or “I am going to swallow a bottle of aspirin” leave nothing to the imagination and should be taken seriously because very few people make such statements for fun. Indirect verbal threats such as “I hate my life,” “Sometimes I wish I were dead,” or “I just cant go on any longer” are much more subtle and, therefore, may easily be overlooked if one is not aware of these subtle clues.,12,focus1text,上海交通大学出版社,Text Lead-in,Text Organization,13,focus1text,上海交通大学出版社,Text Lead-in,14,focus1text,上海交通大学出版社,Text Lead-in,15,focus1text,上海交通大学出版社,Text Lead-in,16,focus1text,2. Text: The One-Day War,1 Good morning, fellow Americans. Welcome to the One-Day War. CNN will be your eyes and ears for today, bringing you live coverage of a momentous day in our history. As part of our bicentennial commemoration of the Civil War, we are proud to participate in Professor Brainards project, the One-Day War.,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,Questions about Para. 1,live: a.现场直播的 e.g. We can enjoy the live coverage of the World Cup on CCTV 1 this year.,coverage: n. U 新闻报道 e.g. Several television stations gave spot coverage to the conference. The wedding got much media coverage.,momentous: a. 关键的；重要的；重大的 e.g. It is momentous for China to join the WTO. Note that momentous is different from momentary in that the former means important and historic while the latter means transient and instantaneous.,participate: vi.参与，参加 e.g. Most countries in the world will participate in Shanghai Expo 2010. Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.,Meaning: CNNs live news program will enable you to witness today as a day of great significance in the history of our nation.,一日战争 1 同胞们，早上好！欢迎收看“一日战争”节目。今天，CNN将充当您的耳目，为您直播我国历史上重要的一天。作为美国内战200周年庆典的一部分，我们为能参与布雷纳德教授的“一日战争”项目而感到自豪。,17,1. What is part of CNNs bicentennial commemoration of the Civil War?,focus1text,Professor Brainards project, the One-Day War, is part of CNNs bicentennial commemoration of the Civil War.,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: The One-Day War,18,focus1text,2 Im sure there isnt an American out there who hasnt heard of the project. It has been the most talked-about subject in our country for many months. Now the great day, April 9, 2065, is here, and we are all part of it.,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,2 我相信这个项目在美国无人不知，好几个月来，它一直是全国谈论最多的话题。2065年4月9日，这个伟大的日子终于到来了，而我们全都要对其进行见证。,2. Text: The One-Day War,19,focus1text,3 The weather is perfect and visibility is excellent. There isnt a cloud overhead; the sky is blue and clear. From our place here on the grandstand, we have a perfect vantage point. While we are waiting, weve arranged an exclusive interview with Professor Brainard, father of the One-Day War.,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,3 今天天气极好，能见度很高，晴空万里无云，一碧如洗。我们这里的大看台是个绝佳的观察点。趁战争还没开始，我们先对“一日战争”的设计者布雷纳德教授作一个独家采访。,Questions about Para. 3,exclusive: 1) （消息，报道）独家的 e.g. The story is exclusive to this newspaper. 2) 独有的，独享的，专用的 e.g. The club members have exclusive use of the swimming pool. This company has exclusive rights for the sale of Ford cars in this city.,exclusive interview: 独家采访 e.g. The tabloid had to pay a fortune for its exclusive interview with the writer.,2. Text: The One-Day War,20,2. What is going on while the viewers are waiting for the broadcast of the One-Day War?,focus1text,An exclusive interview with Professor Brainard, father of the One-Day War, is going on.,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: The One-Day War,21,focus1text,4 “Professor, I know how busy you are supervising this enormous undertaking, and we appreciate your giving us an interview. To begin with, could you give us some background information about the project?”,Translation,4 “教授，我们知道您正在负责实施这个宏伟的项目，非常忙，所以很感谢您能接受我们的采访。首先，您能否介绍一下这个项目产生的背景？”,上海交通大学出版社,undertaking: n. 1) C （重大或艰巨的）任务，项目，事业；企业 e.g. The RMB 4 trillion stimulus capital is a great undertaking by Chinese government to counter the economic slowdown. 2) C 承诺，保证，答应 e.g. The landlord gave a written undertaking that repairs would be carried out before the end of the month. Note that undertaking derives from the verb undertake which means assuming responsibility for a task.,2. Text: The One-Day War,22,focus1text,5 “I am very pleased to speak with you. At this point, the project is rolling along according to schedule, and I am here to advise on any problems that may arise. You asked for some background information. Well, as you may know, Im considered an expert on the Civil War, and I was asked to plan a bicentennial commemoration. (To be continued),Translation,5 “很高兴接受您的采访。目前，项目正按计划顺利实施，我在这儿负责指导他们处理可能出现的任何问题。说到背景，噢，您也许知道，大家称我是内战研究专家，所以邀请我参与策划一个纪念内战结束200周年的活动。,上海交通大学出版社,roll along: 进行 e.g. With the plan rolling along, there will be five more chain supermarkets.,arise: vi. 1) 发生，产生，出现 e.g. We keep them informed of any changes when they arise. 2) 起床；起立，起身 e.g. He arose at dawn. He arose form his chair when she entered the room.,Meaning: So far, the project is going on as scheduled and I am here to give advice on any problems that may appear.,2. Text: The One-Day War,23,focus1text,One disturbing aspect of the Civil War, like any other war, was how expensive and inefficient it was. Using our modern-day technology, we are able to reconstruct one battle that is the equivalent of all the battles fought during the entire war!”,Translation,和其他所有战争一样，内战耗费太大、效率太低，这一点很令人困扰。而利用现代科技，我们完全可以构建一场战役，使其效果相当于内战所有战役的总和！”,上海交通大学出版社,Question about Para. 5,Meaning: With the help of advanced technology today, we can organize and launch one battle the same scale as all the battles of the Civil War combined.,inefficient: a. 效率低的；能力差的；浪费的 e.g. The grave problems of public hygiene are connected with the inefficient sewage system of the city. an inefficient worker,reconstruct: vt. 1) 再现，重现 e.g. Police were reconstructing the movements of the murdered couple. 2) 修复；重建，重造 e.g. We reconstructed what the dinosaur looked like from a few of its bones.,equivalent: n. C 相等的东西；等量；对应词 e.g. Breathing such polluted air is the equivalent of smoking ten cigarettes a day. a.（价值、数量、意义、重要性等) 相等的，相同的 e.g. 8 kilometers is roughly equivalent to 5 miles.,2. Text: The One-Day War,24,3. What was one of the disturbing aspects of the Civil War?,focus1text,That it was expensive and inefficient.,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: The One-Day War,25,focus1text,6 “The major expenses in any war involve the movement of troops and machinery, medical equipment and personnel, and burial expenses. Doing all this during wartime is difficult, expensive, and inefficient. Given our cultural and scientific development during these past two hundred years, there was no reason why we couldnt produce the same effect at a fraction of the cost. (To be continued),Translation,6 “战争的开支主要包括军队和机械的转移、医疗器材和人员及掩埋尸体的费用。在战争期间要做到这一切非常困难，而且花费高昂、效率低下。有了这200年的文化和科学的发展，我们完全能以一小部分的代价制造出同样效果的战争。,上海交通大学出版社,Meaning: Considering the great scientific progress made in human society in the past 200 years, we should have no problem launching a war with the same effect with the cost greatly reduced.,Note that given is used as a preposition (rather than as the past participle of give), meaning considering, in view of, in light of, taking into consideration. e.g. Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her. “Id come and see you in New York, given the chance.”,2. Text: The One-Day War,26,focus1text,The most brilliant part of the plan is the most obviouswhy not bury the soldiers right on the battlefield and eliminate a lot of cost and trouble? The battlefield becomes the cemetery! Once we settled on this idea, the other details fell into place.”,Translation,而本计划最巧妙的地方也最显而易见我们为什么不把牺牲的士兵直接埋在战场上，这样不是可以省去很多费用和麻烦吗？把战场变成墓地！一旦决定采用这个主意，其他细节问题也就迎刃而解了。”,上海交通大学出版社,Question about Para. 6,Meaning: As soon as we decided on this idea, the details for carrying it out become clear.,settle on: 同意，决定，选定；停歇在，栖于 e.g. We must settle on a place to meet. They finally settled on the blue curtains.,fall into place: 变得一目了然；有条不紊 e.g. At first I did not see your point, but after I read your report, everything fell into place. Youll soon be surprised to see how quickly things begin to fall into place.,2. Text: The One-Day War,27,4. What is the most brilliant part of the plan according to Professor Brainard?,focus1text,It is turning the battlefield into the cemetery right on the spot so as to eliminate a lot of cost and trouble.,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: The One-Day War,28,7 “然后，一系列安排便以流水作业的形式一步步完成：用计算机选出士兵，雇佣挖掘人员、石匠、园丁和花匠。其中，除了给每个士兵配备一把左轮手枪，不再需要其他任何战争机械，这样就省下了大量的费用。此外，当然也不需要医疗队和后勤供给。并且士兵的家人已事先得到消息，以便安排善后事宜。”,focus1text,7 “An assembly line procedure was adopted. The computer chose the soldiers and we hired digging crews, masons, gardeners, and florists. We saved a tremendous amount of money by not needing any war machinery except for one revolver per soldier. Naturally, there was no need for medical teams and supplies. The families of the soldiers knew well in advance, so they could plan accordingly and put their personal affairs in order. ”,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,Meaning: A systematic and orderly course of actions was started.,assembly: n. 1) U 装配，组装 e.g. Putting the bookcase together should be a simple assembly job. 2) C 立法机构；会议 e.g. The principal made use of the opportunity to speak to the assembly.,adopt: vt. 1) 采用（某方法）；采取（某态度） e.g. They adopted our methods. 2) 正式通过，表决采纳（建议、政策等） e.g. The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favor to 10 against it. 3) 收养；领养 e.g. As they had no children of their own, they adopted an orphan.,tremendous: a. 1) 巨大的，极大的 e.g. The tremendous growth of U.S. agriculture is the envy of the world. 2) 极好的，精彩的，了不起的 e.g. He had a tremendous night at the theater last night.,Meaning: As war machinery was no longer needed except for one revolver for each soldier, we significantly reduced the expenses.,in advance: 提前，预先 e.g. You must pay for the book in advance. cf. in advance of 在的前面；优于，胜过 e.g. He walked in advance of his wife.,accordingly: ad. 照着，相应地 e.g. Just tell us the color and design you have in mind. Well change them accordingly.,put sth. in order: 安排好；把按顺序排好，有秩序地放好 e.g. I tried to put in order a life that had been uprooted by many years of war. Put these words in alphabetical order.,2. Text: The One-Day War,29,8 “制定计划的过程中有没有遇到什么困难？” 9 “开始时确实有一些。首先是国会的一些议员认为我们的计划不人道。我就解释说，这个计划和发动一场长达4年的昂贵战争的最终结果是一样的，而且还不会给民众带来麻烦。,focus1text,8 “Did you encounter any difficulties with the plan?” 9 “A little, at first. Some members of the Congress thought the plan was inhumane. I explained to them that the net result was the same as waging the war for four years at a greater expense and inconvenience to the general population. (To be continued),Translation,上海交通大学出版社,inhumane: a.不人道的，残忍的；（对他人的疾苦）无动于衷的 e.g. The inhumane treatment of animals enraged the general public. Antonym: humane,2. Text: The One-Day War,30,另外，也不会有任何老百姓卷入没有袭击，没有房子被烧毁，士兵不会抢杀平民。最后，在我的说服下，他们一致认同，我的计划比内战更安全，更有效，也更人道。”,focus1text,Moreover, there would be no involvement with civilians whatsoeverno attacks, no burning of houses, no families killed by marauding soldiers. They agreed unanimously that my plan was safer, more efficient, and more humane than the Civil War.”,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,Questions about Para. 9,involvement: n. 1) U 参加；加入；插手 e.g. The government is trying to play down their involvement in the affair. 2) U, C 耗费时间，投入；沉迷 e.g. Passion and involvement are vital ingredients in all human endeavors.,unanimously: ad. 全体一致地；无异议地 e.g. The Peoples Congress unanimously adopted the budget.,2. Text: The One-Day War,31,focus1text,5. Why did some members of the Congress protest against Professor Brainards plan at first?,Because they thought the plan was “inhumane”.,上海交通大学出版社,6. What did Professor Brainard mean by saying “the net result” of his project was the same as the Civil War itself?,Professor Brainard meant that his project cost as many soldiers lives as the Civil War itself.,2. Text: The One-Day War,32,10 “来自华盛顿西部联盟电报公司的反对倒是很强烈，因为如果他们不能给牺牲士兵的家人发电报，便会减少收入。于是我们设法和他们达成协议，让他们公司生产小幅美国国旗，发给每个士兵的家人。”,focus1text,10 “We did encounter a strong objection from the Western Union lobby in Washington. They would be losing revenue from the telegrams usually sent to the families of the soldiers. We worked out an agreement allowing the company to manufacture the small American flags that will be given to each family.”,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: The One-Day War,33,focus1text,11 “And now, Professor Brainard, after months of planning, your project is about to become a reality. Thank you, Professor. I know I speak for the entire nation when I salute you as a remarkable man and a true patriot.”,Translation,11 “布雷纳德教授，经过几个月的筹划，您的项目马上要付诸实施了。谢谢您，教授。我代表全国人民向您一位杰出人士、真正的爱国者致敬！”,上海交通大学出版社,speak for: 代表讲话 e.g. John will speak for out group. Do not speak for your friend, speak for yourself.,2. Text: The One-Day War,34,focus1text,12 Its 8:30, and we are almost ready for the project to get under way. Before us on this immense battlefield, stretched out for miles, are the two opposing armies. The soldiers stand at attention in neat rowsan army of blue facing an army of gray. They stand very still like marble statues. On our left, we can see the digging machines and their crews waiting silently. Behind them are the masons and gardeners. On our right we can see the florists.,Translation,12 八点半，战争即将开始。在这片广阔的战场上，展现在我们面前的是绵延数英里的战争双方的士兵。他们分别身着蓝色和灰色军装，整齐肃立，分行相对排列，如同大理石雕像一般。而在我们左面，挖掘机和工人正静静地等待着，他们的后面是石匠和园丁；花匠则站在我们右面。,上海交通大学出版社,get under way: 开动，开始进行 e.g. Lets get under way, were already late. He gave his consent for the project to get under way.,stretch out: 延长，拖长；躺下（休息或睡觉） e.g. She stretched out her hand for the dictionary. They dont want to stretch the meeting out.,at attention: 立正 e.g. Stand at attention when you report. You cant expect the men to stand at attention for the whole morning in this hot weather.,2. Text: The One-Day War,35,13 大看台上政要云集：总统、副总统、众议院议长、参议院多数党领袖、内阁成员、最高法院法官及军方代表都到场了。 14 现在全体起立，奏国歌。总统正走向主席台。待他作出指示后，乐队将会奏响军号；最后一个音符奏完后，注意看士兵。,focus1text,13 Here in the grandstand are all the dignitaries: the President, Vice President, Speaker of the House, Senate majority leader, members of the Cabinet, the Supreme Court Justices, and representatives of the Armed Forces. 14 We all rise for our National Anthem. The President approaches the podium. When he gives the signal, the band will play taps, and on the last note of taps, watch the soldiers.,Translation,上海交通大学出版社,2. Text: The One-Day War,36,15 每一位士兵，以军人特有的精确，一齐拔出手枪，对准自己的太阳穴，204000支枪同时扣动了扳机。枪声震耳欲聋，仿佛发生了一场大爆炸，一时间硝烟弥漫，天空一片灰暗，仿佛暴风雨突然降临。战场上一片沉寂，身着灰、蓝服装的队列变成了横七竖八的尸体。无可否认，士兵们再怎么训练有素、忠心爱国，也难以按计划完美地倒下去。但是，他们已经做了该做的。现在，是其他人员开始工作的时候了。,focus1text,15 With military precision, each man withdraws his pistol, and places it to his temple, and in unison 204,000 shots ring out. The noise is deafening like a huge explosion. Gunsmoke fills the air. The sky is n