名词性从句(12-13).ppt

1.主语 不及物动词 She came/ My head aches. 2.主语 及物动词 宾语 She likes English. 3.主语 系动词 表语 She is happy 4.主语 动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 She gave John a book She bought a book for me. 5.主语 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 She makes her mother angry The teacher asked me to read the passage. He made the boy work all day long.,简单句基本句型实例,一、名词性从句,主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句,引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if 不充当从句的 任何成分 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever. 连接副词：when, where, how, why,一.That和what引导的名词性从句 *That he was late for class made Mr. Li angry. *That they are in need of help is quite obvious. * I really dont know what they are doing now. *What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. *The truth is that everyone should take care of disabled people. *See the flags on top of the building? That was what we did this morning. *My hometown is no longer what she used to be.,Tips: That引导的名词性从句, That本身没有词义,只起连接作用,在从句中不充当句子成分. what引导的名词性从句, what表示的东西/事情/样子,在从句中充当主语,宾语或表语.,Exercises: 1.I ask Pave if he hadnt decided _he would say at the meeting. 2.I dont doubt _he can do it very well. 3._the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 4.The fact has worried many scientists_the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.,what,that,What,that,5. It is obvious to the students _they should get well prepared for their future. 6.We should consider the students request_the school library provide more books on popular science. 7.People in Chongqing are proud of_they have achieved in the past ten years. 8._is known to us all is that the 2016 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.,that,that,what,what,二.whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语/宾语从句和让步状语从句. *Whatever he said wasnt true. *Whatever he said, I would not believe him. *Whoever guesses what I have in my hand may have it. *Whoever guesses what I have in my hand, he may have it. *He wrote a letter to_ (任何曾经帮助我的人). *You may choose_ (你要的任何一个),whoever had helped me,whichever you want.,任何想要参加的人请在这里签名. Whoever wants to take part in it please sign your name here. =Anyone who wants to.,三.whether & if 引导的名词性从句 * We want to know if/whether they will attend the lecture. *I dont know whether he will come or not. * It depends on whether he has got well prepared. *The problem is whether he will come (or not). *Whether he come or not is not important Tips: 用Whether的请况: 与or not连用 2. 介词后的宾语从句 3.主语从句和表语从句中,四.that引导的同位语从句和定语从句 *The fact that you are talking about is very important. *The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. 他许下诺言说他将回来. *He made a promise that he would come back. 昨晚他许下的诺言是他将回来. *The promise that he made last night was that he would come back.,定从,同位语从句,Tips: that引导的同位语从句是个完整的句子, that是连接词,不充当一定的句子成分, that不能省略. that引导的定语从句是不完整的句子, that是关系代词,在从句中充当主语或宾语,五.与suggest (suggestion), advise (advice), propose (proposal), order (order), command (command), require (requirement), request (request), insist 连接的名词性从句(从句动词用虚拟语气,可以省略) *It is suggested that we should practise speaking English every day. I made a suggestion that we should practise speaking English every day. His suggestion is that we should practise speaking English every day sounds practical.,考例 _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.（上海） A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires,C,六.名词性从句本身又是个复合句时关联词的使用 It is well-known that what a person eat causes changes in the body. Jack was soon told why what he did was not necessary.,四.名词性从句的常见句型 1.用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： 1)It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that 重要的是 It is natural that 自然的是 It is strange that 奇怪的是 It is possible that 可能是 It is obvious that 很明显 It is clear that 清楚的是 注意: It is important/natural/strange that sb/sth (should) do 的形式,2). It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to all that 众所周知 It is well-known that It has been decided/announced that 已决定/宣布 It is said reported believed expected hoped that 据说/据报导/人们相信/人们期望(预料),3). It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是 It is a good idea that .是好主意 It is a rule that 是规定,4). It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that 似乎 It seems that 似乎/好象 It happens that 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起,2. 宾语从句中it做形式宾语的句型 某些动词，例如think, find, feel, consider, make, take 等后带复合宾语时，应用形式宾语it，将 that宾语从句放到句子后面。例如： *They want to make it clear that they do an important and necessary job. *I took it for granted that they were not coming. *We all think it a pity that our teacher didnt show up at our party. *We consider it our duty that we should help those in need.,3.表语从句的几个句型 The fact is that 事实是 The truth is that 真相是 The problem is that 问题是 The question is that whether The trouble is that 问题/麻烦是 The reason why is that 的原因是 Thats because 那时因为 Thats why 那是为什么,4）同位语从句的几个句型 1)常见先行词: answer, belief , doubt, fact, truth, hope, idea, information, news, plan, knowledge, suggestion, opinion, promise,There is no doubt that 毫无疑问 There is some doubt whether 是否有疑问 I have no idea when 我不知道什么时候 I have an idea that 我有的想法/主意 in spite of the fact that/ 尽管;虽然 in the hope that 怀着的希望 Word came that 有消息传来说 The story goes that 故事是 An idea occurred to me that 我想到一个主意,常见句型：,A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? I am afraid _ neither day is possible. 5. Dr. Black came from either Oxford or Cambridge. I cant remember _.,what,Whoever,whatever,that,which,6. The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. 7. _ manners are very important in every country is known to us but the trouble is _ different countries have different ideas about _ good manners are. 8. I think Father would like to know _ I have been up to so far, so I decide to send him a note. 9. That is _ we agreed on at the meeting.,who,That,that,what,what,what,10. Those books are very expensive. Do you know _ much they cost? 11. It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. 12. It so happened _ I was not in London at the time. 13._ one can succeed depends on _ hard he works. 14. No one can denies the fact _ he has made much progress. 15.Air, or _ is called atmosphere, surrounds the whole world.,how,how,that,Whether,how,that,what,1. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 2.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. that C. what D. whether,A,B,3.The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 4. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. where B. how C. what D. which 5.Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. who B. that C. as D. which,C,C,B,6 .A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday Aif Bwhen Cthat DWhich 7.- Could you do me a favor? -It depends on it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever,C,C,8.I just wonder that makes him so excited. Awhy it does Bwhat he does Chow it is Dwhat it is 9.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. which B. that C. when D. why 10.One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. how B. why C. that D. when,D,B,C,11.There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. Athat Bwhich Cuntil Dif 12. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which,A,A,13.As the busiest woman in Norton,she made_her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A.t