英语学院研究生毕业论文开题报告-网路语言在电影《黑衣人3》字幕英译汉中的应用.doc

学校代码：10036 课程论文开题报告网路语言在电影黑衣人3字幕英译汉中的应用The Application of Cyber Language in English-Chinese Translation of Subtitles of Men in Black III培养单位: 英语学院专业名称: 经贸翻译研究方向: 语言学作 者: 李雪日 期: 二一三年一月1 Introduction With the improvement of peoples life, more people may step into the world of the Internet. As the netizens become majority of the people in society, it is no doubt that cyber language may be widely applied in our daily life, even in our non-digital daily life. In this case, cyber language will be more various and influence the development of our language and life. This thesis explores the application of cyber language in English-Chinese translation of subtitles of Men in Black III, intended to analyze advantages and disadvantages of applications of cyber language in subtitles translations of films. Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the phenomenon of cyber language from perspective of rhetoric, semantics and pragmatics. Their studies has enriched research of cyber language and broadened peoples vision of the phenomenon of cyber language. Based on their study, the primary purpose of this thesis is to help those people who translate film subtitles in high quality of using cyber language, so as to improve film subtitles and provide the audience better dubbed films.1.1 Need for the StudyWith the global development of Internet technologies, digital information has been expanding at a very high speed. A wave of innovations on Internet services have been introduced, cyber language was born along with Internet technologies. There are 500 million netizens in China now. Along with the development of the Chinese movies industry and Internet technologies, more requirements of dubbed films from the Chinese audience and cyber language become more popular than before, the movies translations began to improve dramatically, permeate peoples life, more popular and easy to understand, besides different cultures effects, theories of translations, cyber language is also applied to subtitles translation of films to meet demand of trend of the times and to satisfy modern peoples tastes.1.2 Structure of Thesis 1. Beginning1.1 Title page 1.2 Abstract in Chinese 1.3 Abstract in English1.4 Acknowledgements1.5 Table of contents2. Body2.1 Originals, characteristics and development of cyber language 2.1.1 Definition of cyber language2.1.2 Originals, characteristics and development of cyber language2.1.2.1 Originals of cyber language2.1.2.2 Characteristics of cyber language2.1.2.3 Development of cyber language2.2 Principles of cyber language2.3 Application of cyber language in English-Chinese translation of subtitles translation of Men in Black III 2.3.1 Theoretical value of application of cyber language in English-Chinese translation of film subtitles 2.3.2 Practical value of application of cyber language in English-Chinese translation of film subtitles2.4 Conclusions3 Ending 3.1 References 3.2 Appendices2 Outline2.1 Basic concepts and theoriesIn order to finish this research, we will review the related concepts and theories first.2.1.1 Cyber languageCyber language (Internet short-hand, Cyber-language, netspeak or chatspeak) refers to a variety of everyday languages used by different communities on the Internet. It is difficult to provide a standardized definition of cyber language due to the constant changes made to its nature. However, it can be understood to be a type of slang that Internet users have popularized, and in many cases, have coined. Acronyms, keyboard symbols and abbreviations are common types of cyber language.2.1.2 Structure System of cyber language Structure of cyber language is divided into two types, overall structure and partial structure. An overall structure refers to the functional mode to be formed in a full communication activity according to the requirements of communications.2.1.3 ContextIt is generally considered as constituted knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer, such as cultural background, situation (time, place, manner, etc.), the relationship between the speaker and the hearer, etc.2.1.4 Network of conversational discourse context mechanismDiscourse will be lost its communication function if it left the context, so as to lose the existence meaning. Language doesnt have expression meaning, it actually has a meaning function in a full conversation or a situation. Language is using in a certain communication, has to be connected to its context. It is difficult to make sure the structure and meaning of one sentence if we analyze one sentence separately excludes its context.2.1.4 PragmaticsPragmatics refers to the study of language in use or language communication; the study of the use of context to make inference about meaning; the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.2.1.5 Semantics Semantics is the branch of linguistics which studies meaning in language. It stands at the very center of the linguistic quest to understand the nature of language and human language ability because expressing meaning is what languages are all about.2.1.6 Discourse The term discourse has become common currency in a variety of disciplines so much so that it is frequently left undefined, as if its usage were simply common knowledge. However, in linguistics, there is a classic definition of discourse, that is, discourse is “language above the sentence or above the clause”.2.1.7 Speech act theory Speech act theory was proposed by J. L. Austin and has been developed by J. R. Searle. Basically, they believe that language is not only used to inform or to describe things, it is often used to “do things”, to perform acts. There are three kinds of acts:i) Locutionary act: the act of saying, the literal meaning of the utterance;ii) Illocutionary act: the extra meaning of the utterance produced on the basis of its literal meaning;iii) Perlocutionary act: the effect of the utterance on the hearer, depending on specific circumstances.2.1.8 The cooperative Principle and its maxims We know that quite often a speaker can mean a lot more than what is said. The problem is to explain how the speaker can manage to convey more than what is said and how the hearer can arrive at the speakers meaning. H. P. Grice believes that there must be some mechanisms governing the production and comprehension the these utterances. This is what he calls the Cooperative Principle. The principle includes four principles: the maxim of quality, the maxim of quantity, the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.2.2 Literature review To a large extent, the great influence of social development has contributed a lot to this phenomenon. Many scholars no matter home or abroad have stepped into this area and suggested their own opinions from various aspects.2.2.1 Researches of cyber languageCyber language is a new language phenomenon with its own features, which emerges along with the development of the Internet. Since the significance of cyber language to our lives is beyond question, many scholars have been studying it from different perspectives. Overseas, linguistics scholars such as Collot and Belmore studied Electronic Language and described the most ubiquitous form of computer-mediated communication and the language people us on Bulletin Board Systems based on corpus analysis in 1996. In another article, Harvesting and understanding on-line neologisms (2010), the Irish scholar, Tony Veale regarded cyber language in terms of lexical creativity, variation and combination. Meanwhile, Chinese scholars also have studied cyber language from different perspectives, such as Yu Genyuans work in 2010 from the perspective of applied linguistics, Liu Haiyans work in 2002 from the perspective of semantics and sociology and Zhen Yuanhans work in 2002 from the perspective of semiotics, etc.2.2.2 Cooperative PrincipleGrices Cooperative Principle is assumed to be a basic concept in pragmatics, yet its interpretation is often problematic. It is argued that these misinterpretations stem, in part, from the relocation of Cooperative Principle from philosophy to linguistics (R.Q. Liu & X. Wen, 2012).The cooperative theory is applied to the analysis of every word and every sentence of one movie, considering grammar, act language and other components, to translate film subtitles to provide audience better and popular dubbed films.2.2.2 CyberpragmaticsCyberpragmatics as the cognitive pragmatic analysis of Internet interactions and advances the specific theoretical framework on which the research is based. Yus Ramos claims that Sperber and Wilsons (1986 & n1995) relevance theory is a useful framework for the explanation of user-to-user communication on the net, and specifically of how accessibility to contextual information is constrained by the quality of the different channels of communication inherent to Internet-mediated communication and how these alter the way in which relevance is achieved (Yus, F. , 2011).Cyberpragmatics as a cognitive pragmatic study of Internet-mediated communication whose main scope is the analysis of how information is produced and interpreted within the Internet environment. In other words, Cyberpragmatics is to determine how the assessment of the cognitive effects achieved and the mental effort required is influenced by the specific qualities of cyber-media (Yus, F. , 2011).2.3 Research questions We all know that Internet-savvy collided with the traditional and austere language and traditional culture, the old peoples who dont follow the new trend of the Internet, etc. This thesis is intended to analyze beneficial effects and adverse effects of cyber language to suggest how to settle the collided between cyber language and traditional culture, and how to apply cyber language in the English-Chinese translation the subtitles of films accurately, which will convey inherent characteristics of the movies fabulously.2.4 Research methodsThis thesis is conducted on the basis of data collection, is adopted investigations and comparison of beneficial effects and adverse effects of cyber