2016届高考英语总复习-语法强攻：《it的用法、常用句型》.ppt

it可以作代词（如人称代词、非人称代词）和 引导词，也可以用于强调句式中，还可以用于 一些固定表达中。 一、it作代词 1. 用作人称代词，指代：上文提到过的人、 事、物或情况等；婴儿、性别不明或没必要 区分性别的人或动物。此外，it也可指代未知 的人。如： In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than it was used to. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is. Its John on the phone. 2. 用作非人称代词，指时间、天气、距离或自 然现象等。如： It is only half an hours walk to the hospital. Its about two kilometers from here to the station. It is raining heavily outside. 二、it作引导词 1. it作形式主语的常用句型 “It + be +名词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用“ （should +）动词原形”。常用于本句型的主要 有a pity, a shame, no wonder, no accident等。如 ： It is a great pity that he should be so greedy. It is a shame that he should attempt to injure the reputation of an honest man. It was no accident that such a book should appear in the 18th century. “It + be +形容词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用 “（should +）动词原形（或完成时）”。常用于 本句型的形容词主要有impossible, strange, surprising等。如： It is impossible that it should be a mere coincidence. Its strange that she should have been arrested for stealing. It was surprising that he should have finished writing a novel in only twenty days. “It +动词（+宾语或状语）+主语从句”。常 用于本句型的动词主要有please, happen等。如 ： It pleased me very much that he succeeded. It pleases me that he should want to talk with me. It so happened that he had just left for Tianjin. “It +动词的被动语态+主语从句”。常用于 本句型的动词主要有accept, admit, allow, announce等。如： Its accepted that the universe is endless. It is generally admitted that he is a trustworthy person. It was announced that all prisoners would be set free. It was announced that the Prime Minister would speak on television that evening. 2. it作形式宾语 根据句子结构的需要，人们常用it作形式宾 语，而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后。常用 于这种句型的动词有believe, bring, consider, declare, feel, find, make, prove, think等。如： I find it amazing that anyone would want to listen to that music. I dont think it possible to master a foreign language within 3 months. I found it worthwhile reading this book. it作形式宾语的常用句型： 1）动词+ it + if / when从句 当enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等动词后需要接一个if或when引导的 从句时，需要在动词后接it作形式宾语。如： She wont like it if you arrive late. He hates it when people use his bike. Id prefer it if I didnt have to do so much work. I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 2）动词+介词+ it + that从句 能用于此句型的主要有：depend on, answer for, see to。如： You may depend on it that he will turn up in time. I cant answer for it that the boy is honest. Ill see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post before twelve. 三、it用于强调句型中 强调句型可以对句中除谓语动词以外的成分加 以强调。 四、it用在一些固定表达中 As someone puts it, . 像某人所说的那样 Please see to it that . 请务必 When it comes to . 当提到时 It looks / seems as if . 看起来好像 Its time for sth. 该做某事了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）该干某事 了 It is (high) time that . （早就）该 Its first / second / third / . time + that . 这是 某人第几次干某事（从句谓语用现在完成时） It is / has been +一段时间+ since . 自从已 经； It wasnt / wont be long before . 没过多久就 / 很快 Its + 时间段 + before . 过时间才 五、it与one的区别 两者均可代替前面提到的事物，区别是：it指的 是与前面已提到的事物为同一物，此时的it等于 “the +名词”；而one 指的是与前面已提到的事物 为同一类物，此时的one等于“a +名词”。如： I have a dictionary but Ive lent it to Mary. I havent a dictionary; can you lend me one? I. 选用括号内合适的单词填空。 1. It was only after she had begun to carry out the task _ (that, when) Mary realized it was extremely difficult to complete. 2. _ (It, As) is our belief that we can make a good life if we work hard. 3. _ (It, What) is suggested that parents should pay more attention to their childrens inner world. that It It 4. As a matter of fact, _ (that, it) is not failure itself, but what we think of failure and what we do afterwards that counts. 5. Do you still drive your Ford car? No, I sold _ (it, that) two years ago. 6. You must keep _ (it, what) in mind that you can never be too careful when proofreading the newspaper. 7. Will _ (that, it) be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? it it it it 8. _ (There, It) is no doubt that the visiting team, which has better players, will win the match. 9. I dont think I can work out the maths problem. Its too difficult. Think it over, and perhaps you will make _ (it, that). There it II. 用there或it的正确形式填空。 1. During my stay there I made _ a rule not to eat fatty foods. 2. Id appreciate _ if you could help me find out the reason why the computer doesnt work. 3. I kept telling Mary not to stay up too late any more, but _ didnt help. 4. _ is an urgent need for qualified teachers. 5. I like _ when I am with people like Mr. Ma, who is always willing to help others. it it it There it 6. Who is making loud noises outside the window? _ is Tom, my neighbours son. 7. _ was no point in staying any longer. 8. Im as good a cook as she is except when _ comes to making pizza. 9. I have no idea who _ was that taught me the trick, which helped me to solve the problem. 10. _ is a hard job for such a little boy to carry the heavy box upstairs. Lets give him a hand. It There it it It III. 选用正确的词完成下面短文。 it, these, that, what, the Do you have a drawer or a box of your special stuff? 1. _ may look like junk to anybody else, but to you 2. _ may be very important. Maybe 3. _ is your set of last years hockey cards, a bottle top you hoped would show the winning number, the smoothest pebbles you could find on the beach, and your class photo. If you have kept things like 4. _, then you are a collector! Some people might call 5. _ collection junk, it it It these the but you can call 6. _ MEMORABILIA (MEM-or-a-BILLY-a) (值得纪念的事物). That sounds more impressive, doesnt 7. _? If you think about 8. _ happens when you look through your collection, you might guess what memorabilia are. Sometimes just looking at one of your special things helps to trigger (触发) a memory of how you got 9. _. In most kinds of collections 10. _ is easy to see how the items belong together. it it what it it If you collect stamps, anybody can see how they make a collection. 11. _ is not so easy for somebody else to understand how your memorabilia make a collection. Thats why other people think they are junk. But they do belon