邢台县2016高考英语阅读理解及书面表达选练（4）答案.doc

【北京市丰台区2014统一模拟】第一节（15分） 假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，下个月英国Saint Gorge High School的交换学生要来你校学习。学校招募接待家庭。请你根据以下信息，提出申请并说明理由。 1. 家里住宿条件好； 2. 英语听说能力强； 3. 了解英国人的文化习俗。注意：1. 词数不少于50； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Sir or Madam, Yours,Li Hua第一节 应用类作文（15分）一、评分原则： 1. 本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否规范。 4. 拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 5. 词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次给分范围和要求：第一档完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到交际对象的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。13分15分第二档基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；运用的语法和词汇基本满足任务要求；语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。9分12分第三档未恰当完成试题规定的任务。所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解，未能清楚地传达信息。4分8分第四档未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对写作内容的理解。1分3分0分未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、Possible versionsPossible version 1Dear Sir or Madam, I would like to host a student from Saint George High School. My house is big enough to give him a room to live in. Also, I am good at English listening and speaking. I have studied a lot about British culture and customs. I can create a welcoming atmosphere for him. I would be very happy, if you give me this opportunity. Thank you! Yours, Li Hua (65 words)Possible version 2Dear Sir or Madam, I feel very excited to know that the exchange students from Saint Gorge High School will come and study at our school. I would like to be a host family. The reasons are as follows: First, my home is big with three bedrooms and two bathrooms. This makes it possible for me to provide the exchange student with good living accommodations. Moreover, I have a good command of English and I am good at listening and speaking. I would be able to communicate with the student easily. In addition, I have a good understanding of British customs and culture, allowing us to have a lot to talk about. Because of the above mentioned reasons I am applying to be a host family. I sincerely hope I will be granted this great opportunity. Thank you very much! Yours, Li Hua (136 words)阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubledto $1.01 per packsmokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.This is not a surprise to public health advocates.Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years，finding that smokers，especially teens，are price sensitive.Nor is it a shock to the industry，which fiercely fights every tax increase.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxes improve public health，they raise money and most particularly，they deter people from taking up the habit as teens，which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.In Manhattan，for instance，which has the highest tax in the nation，a pack of Marlboro Light Kings，cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday.In Charleston，S.C.，where the 7 cent a pack tax is the lowest in the nation，the price was $4.78.The influence is obvious.In New York，high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys13.8%，far below the national average.By comparison,26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky.Other low tax states have similarly depressing teen smoking records.Hal Rogers，Representative from Kentucky，like those who are against high tobacco taxes，argues that the burden of the tax falls on lowincome Americans “who choose to smoke.”Thats true.But there is more reason in keeping future generations of lowincome workers from getting hooked in the first place.As for todays adults，if the new tax drives them to quit，they will have more to spend on their families，cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.【语篇解读】 烟草税增加后，取得了立竿见影的效果许多烟民纷纷戒烟。然而有些地方却对此充耳不闻，中学生吸烟的比例居高不下。本文让我们意识到：从长远看，通过增加烟草税而使人们戒烟是泽被千家万户的大事。1The text is mainly about _.Athe price of cigarettesBthe rate of teen smokingCthe effect of tobacco tax increaseDthe differences in tobacco tax rate解析主旨大意题。本文主要谈论的是烟草税增加后取得的明显效果以及给人们带来的益处。A、B、D三项均为文章的某一方面。答案C2What does the author think is a surprise?ATeen smokers are price sensitive.BSome states still keep the tobacco tax low.CTobacco taxes improve public health.DTobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.解析事实细节题。由第三段第一句可知，唯 一让人吃惊的是，有些州对此充耳不闻，也就是继续保持低烟草税。答案B3Rogers attitude towards the lowincome smokers might be that of _.Atolerance Bunconcern Cdoubt Dsympathy解析推理判断题。Roger认为高烟草税是把税收负担加到了低收入的烟民身上，故应该持同情态度。答案D4What can we learn from the last paragraph?AThe new tax will be beneficial in the long run.BLowincome Americans are more likely to fall ill.CFuture generations will be hooked on smoking.DAdults will depend more on their families.解析推理判断题。由全文最后一句可知，增加烟草税促使烟民戒烟，可让他们有更多的时间与家人团聚，减少癌症和心脏病的发病率，从长远看，是一件有益的事情。答案A阅读理解。Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide(CO2)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology，” said the researchers of several US. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估) the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species, the experiments underpredicted the speed of the advancefor both leafing and floweringthat results from temperature increases，” the study said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis(光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.Scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0.8 since 1900, and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979.So far, efforts to cut emissions(排放)of planetwarming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2 this centurya point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.57. What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?APlants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems.BThe increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation.CClimate change leads to the change of food production patterns.DFood chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.58. We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that _.Aplants flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingBthere are 1,634 plant species on the four continentsCscientists should improve the design of the experimentsDthe experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change59. Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because_.Athey can prove the climate change clearlyBthey are very important in the food chainsCthey play a leading role in reducing global warmingDthey are growing and flowering much faster than before60. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the worlds temperature?AIt has risen nearly 0.2 since 1979.BIts change will lead to weather extremes.CIt is 0.8 higher in 1979 than that of 1900.DIt needs to be controlled within 2 in this century.【要点综述】本文为科普类文章。文章论述了全球变暖的气候环境会让植物提前开花，进而影响整个食物链及生态系统。57. B细节理解题。第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which所引导的定语从句上。根据“Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted”可知，作者是要告知读者植物开花的增速超出了科学家的预期。故选B。A为次要信息。58. C推理判断题。第五段话“It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.”暗示读者：对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进，故答案选C。59. B细节理解题。根据第四段“They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.”可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链和生态系统都至关重要。故答案选B。60. D推理判断题。从倒数第二段“has risen by about 0.8 since 1900, and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979.”可知A、C项错误；从最后一段叙述可知，如果本世纪地球变暖超过2，便会出现weather extremes。暗示我们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2的范围之内。故答案选D。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Young adult filmmakers all hope to show their works in international festivals like Sundance and Toronto. But what aboutreally young filmmakers who arent in film school yet and arent,strictly speaking, even adults?They are at the heart of Wingspan Arts Kids Film Festival,tomorrow,in a setting any director might envy:Lincoln Center. Complete with “red carpet” interviews and various awards,the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers,except for the age of the participants:about 8 to 18.Whats really exciting is that its film for kids by kids,” said Cori Gardner,managing director of Wingspan Arts,a nonprofit organization offering youth arts programs in the New York area. This year the festival will include films not only from Wingspan but also from other city organizations and one from a middle school in Arlington,Virginia. “We want to make this a national event,” Ms. Gardner added.The nine shorts to be shown range from a Claymation biography of B. B. King to a science fiction adventure set in the year 3005. “A lot of the material is really mature,” Ms. Gardner said,talking about films by the New York City branch of Global Action Project,a media arts and leadership-training group. “The Choice is about the history of a family andMaster Anti-Smoker is about the dangers of secondhand smoke.”Dream of the Invisiblesdescribes young immigrants (移民) feelings of both belonging and not belonging in their adopted country.The festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown. These include a music video and a full-length film whose title isPressures.1. Wingspan Arts Kids Film Festival.A. is organized by a middle school B. is as famous as the Toronto FestivalC. shows films made by children D. offers awards to film school students2. Which of the following is true of Wingspan Arts?A. It helps young filmmakers to make money.B. It provides arts projects for young people.C. Its a media arts and leadership-training group.D. Its a national organization for young people.3. The underlined word“shorts” in Paragraph 4 refers to.A. short trousersB. short kids C. short filmsD. short stories4. Movies to be shown in the festival.A. cover different subjects B. focus on kids lifeC. are produced by Global Action Project D. are directed by Ms. Gardner5. At the end of this film festival,there will be.A. various awards B. “red carpet” interviewsC. an open reception D. a concert at Lincoln Center【参考答案】15、 CBCAC阅读理解。For those who are tired of doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application). Strange though it may seem“my wife already does that” was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show(CES)this weekSamsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install(安装)a large number of Internetconnected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, its WiFienabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad. The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus. Samsung says its not just something newthe app connection actually has some practical uses. “If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go，” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt. The company also says that with electricity rates(电价)varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money. Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies doenable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.72. What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?A. The machine will be a big success.B. Their wives like doing the laundry.C. The machine is unre