高考英语二轮复习60分达标阅读理解训练(1).doc

2015届高考英语二轮复习60分达标阅读理解训练18一 、阅读理解（本大题共6小题，共60分）A (2014山东实验中学一模)Global Positioning Systems (全球定位系统) are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellitebased systems provide turnbyturn directions to help people get to where they want to go.However，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.Many times，the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a combination of the two.Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm，Sweden.He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There he borrowed a GPSequipped car to use during his stay.Mr Brown says，“They just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And，then it wasnt until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They actually put their home address in.So again，the GPS is kind of garbage in garbage out”Mr Brown says this is a common human error，but what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings，or failures，of GPS equipment.He says，“One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn，sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that its going to the wrong place.”Mr Brown says，“One of the things that struck us，perhaps the most important thing was that you have to know what youre doing when you use a GPS.There are these new skills that people have developed.There are these new competencies (资格) that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.This goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills.”Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers，passengers and GPS systems work together.1According to Barry Brow，in most cases，_are blame for the problems.Ahuman errorsBGPS errorsCerrors caused by both drivers and GPSDerrors caused by putting in a wrong address2The example of Barry Browns friend is used to show that_.AGPS is nothing but garbageBGPS is still not accurate enoughCit is difficult for drivers to use GPS equipmentDsometimes drivers are responsible for the problem3It can be inferred from the second paragraph that_.Aits impossible to drive from the east to the west in the USBBarry Browns friend went to Stockholm，Sweden by planeCgiven wrong instructions，the GPS will produce wrong resultsDGPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills4Which of the followings is one of the shortcomings of GPS equipment?AIt just tells the driver to turn once at a time.BIt gives the driver the overview.CIts screen is too small to be seen clearly.DIt is only suitable for passive drivers.5Whats the main idea of the text?AGPS systems are helpful for drivers.BDriving with GPS can be difficult to navigate (导航)CDrivers should understand how GPS systems work.DDrivers should learn to use GPS systems correctly.【答案解析】语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了开车用GPS导航系统也很难导航。1解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a combination of the two.”可知，答案C符合文意。答案：C2解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“They actually put their home address in.”可知，这次走错方向是由于人的疏忽导致的，不是GPS系统的原因，故答案D正确。答案：D3解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句“They actually puy their home address in.So again，the GPS is kind of garbage in garbage out”和对全段的整体理解可知，答案C“给错误的指令，导航系统就会产生错误的结果”符合文意。答案：C4解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“He says，One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.”可知，答案A符合文意。答案：A5解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“However，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.”的开篇点题和对全文的整体理解可推知，答案B“开车用GPS导航系统有时候也很难导航”最能概括文章大意。答案：BBBali is an Indonesian island that is rich in indigenous (本土的) culture.A lot of people say that the Balinese culture is unique and that the people of Bali have always been contented with the “now”If you ask a Balinese person what heaven is like，the probable answer will be “just like Bali”This only goes to show that most Balinese people are happy to be where they are and never worry.One factor that contributes to this laidback lifestyle is the culture of close family ties in Bali.In the Balinese culture，support is always available.Balinese extended families are so tightly knit that all members usually reside in the same complex.Hinduism is one of the main religions in Bali.The Balinese culture is based on a form of this religion，which is called “Hindu Dharma”This religion reached the island during the eleventh century.Most of the family customs and traditions as well as community lifestyles of the Balinese people are influenced by this.The religious influence even expands widely into the arts，which makes Bali distinct from the rest of Indonesia.In spite of the fact that tourists flood to the island every year，the Balinese people have managed to conserve their culture.Almost every native of Bali is an artist in some form or another.Parents and villagers have passed on their skills to their children，who all seem to have inclinations (意向) either to music，dance，painting，or decor.Another remarkable mark of the Balinese culture is the series of ceremonies and rituals known as the Manusa Yadnya.This marks the different stages of Balinese life.Cremation (火葬) is very popular on this island，and unlike in the West，death is a joyous and colorful event for the Balinese.5What do we know about the Balinese according to the first two paragraphs?AThey lead a very relaxing but unwealthy life.BThey live in large families and are close to each other.CTheir family members are distributed in different places.DTheir extended families live too close together to get along well.6Bali is distinguished from the rest of Indonesia by_.Apeoples tight family relationshipBthe family customs and traditionsCpeoples great affection for religionDthe influence of Hinduism on their culture7The underlined word “conserve” in Para.4 can be best replaced by “_”Apreserve BspreadCform Dexpand8When a person dies in Bali，it is common practice to_.Aexpress deep sorrow at his deathBcelebrate the death like a great eventCsing and dance joyfully in his honorDremember what he did in his lifetime9What is the text mainly about?AThe Balinese religion.BThe lifestyle of the Balinese.CThe Blinese culture.DThe tourism in Bali.【答案解析】语篇解读：独特的文化，独特的风情，巴厘岛无疑是印度尼西亚的一朵奇葩，焕发出奇异的光彩，尽情地向世人展现自己的绚烂。 5解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，巴厘人生活在大家庭中，而且彼此之间关系非常亲密。答案：B6解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句的内容可知，印度教对巴厘岛的影响渗透到艺术方面，这使它不同于印度尼西亚的其他地方。答案：D7解析：词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可知，尽管每年都有无数的游客涌往巴厘岛，巴厘人仍然能够设法”保存”他们自己独特的文化。故conserve与preserve的意思最接近。答案：A8解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“death is a joyous and colorful event for the Balinese”可推知，当巴厘人去世时，人们的惯例是将其视为重大的好事进行庆祝。答案：B9解析：主旨大意题。第一段的第一句是本文的主题句，本文叙述的是巴厘文化，后面四段从不同的侧面对巴厘文化进行诠释。故C项最能概括本文的主旨。答案：CCFrench people pride themselves on their delicious foods, such as cheese, baguettes and croissants (two kinds of food). In fact, food is an important part of French culture. Families and friends spend hours over the dinner table each night. It is the opposite of the fast food habit common in other parts of the West.Its the reason why the French are very angry that a McDonalds is opening beneath Pariss most famous museum: the Louvre (卢浮宫). The mew restaurant will be the 1,142 nd McDonalds in France, and will open in the underground approach to the museum. But many French people cant understand why this American chain is opening in the heart of French culture.However, McDonalds is paying no notice to the complaint. McDonalds now has 31,000 chains worldwide. Tourists are hungry, and opening chains in tourist spots pays well.There is another chain threatening Frances heritage. This time it is coffee rather than burgers. As more and more Starbucks open in Paris, traditional French cafes are forced to close.The trouble with American companies opening chains throughout the world is the destructive effect they can have on a countrys culture. How can a small, independent coffee shop compete with the multi billion dollar chain? You can go to a Starbucks in any city in the world, but you can only go to a Parisian caf in France.Responsibility is with the tourists. A McDonalds wouldnt open so near the Louvre if it werent not going to make money. Similarly, a Pizza Hut wouldnt overlook (俯瞰) Egypts Great Pyramid if no one wants to sit in it. Maybe next time you visit the Great Wall, you should think twice before ordering a Cappuccino in the Starbucks.51Why are the French very angry when a McDonalds is opening beneath the Louvre?ABecause they will spend many hours in McDonalds.BBecause French food culture is very impressive.CBecause they also have the fast food habit.DBecause they are proud of their own food.52The McDonalds will be located in the underground approach to the museum because_.Athe complaints of the French are uselessBopening a chain in tourist spot is rewardingCMcDonalds tends to be in the heart of cultureDit will help to attract more tourists for the museum53What is the trouble with American companies opening chains all over the world?AThe traditional stores of a country are forced to fight back.BThe traditional stores of a country become dependant.CThey have negative effect on a countrys culture.DThe multi billion dollar chain cant be matched.54The author suggests that the tourists can_.Adecide whether the multiple stores of America are successful or notBorder a Cappuccino in the Starbucks when they visit the Great WallCsit in a Pizza Hut when they visit Egypts Great PyramidDenter the McDonalds when they visit the Louvre【答案解析】5154 DBCA DBApril 22,2010 will be the 18th celebration of the annual Take Our Daugluers to Work Day （TOD）, a project the National MsFoundation for Women of America （NFW） developed to expose girls to expanding opportunities for women in the workplaceThe program offers, millions of girls a first - hand view of the many career opportunities available in their futuresNow that women make up 46 peroent of the USworkforce, girls can find role models in every occupational field-from politics to molecular biology to professional athletics, to name just a fewTOD encourages girls to focus on their abilities and opportunities, not just their appearanceThe NFW developed the project more than a decade ago to address the self - esteem problems that many girls experience when they enter adolescenceAt school, boys often receive more encouragement in the classroom, especially in mathscience and computer science, the academic fields that tend to lead to the highest salariesWomen receive on average only 73 cents for every dollar that men are paidand remain vastly underrepresented （数量不足） in top executive positions and technology fieldsTOD aims to give girls the confidence and inspiration they need to develop successful careers, particularly in non-traditional fieldsPerhaps because the program had become so widespread and successful, TOD had been criticized for excluding boysand it was expanded in 2003to include boysThe programs official website states that the program was changed in order to provide both boys and girls with opportunities to explore careers at an age when they are more flexible in tenns of gender stereotyped rolesWe should also show boys that becoming a child care provider is as acceptable a choice as becoming a police officer or CEO, added Sara KGouldexecutive director of the NFW61The purpose for having a Take Our Daughters to Work Day is _Ato encourage girls to get top paying jobs ,Bto let girls spend more time with their mothersCto show girls possibilities for work and careersDto give girls a chance to visit their mothers offices62Why are women underrepresented in some fields such as technology?AThey are not interested in these fieldsBThey are not encouraged to work in these fieldsCThey are not paid the same as men in these fieldsDThey are not allowed to be educated in these fields63TOD was criticized because some people _Athought it was not fair to boysBdid not like having children at workCdid not have daughters to take to workDwould rather have their daughters stay at home64Which of the following is true according to the passage?ABoys are now included on Take Our Daughters to Work DayBWomen and men have always been treated equally at workCHomemaking and raising children are jobs for girls onlyDGirls grow up receiving more attention than boys65What can we learn from Sara KGoulds words?ABoys are sometimes more careful and responsible than girlsBIt is most suitable for women to look after children at homeCAboys life ambition should be to become an officer or CEODIt is also acceptable for boys to do what girls are supposed to【答案解析】6165CBAADEI wasnt surprised when I read that actress Helen Hunt recently stated that she would never allow her young daughter to become a child star. Ms Hunt is the daughter of a Hollywood technical director, and grew up in Hollywood. Now in her late 40s, she started acting and modeling when she was eight and has probably seen a lot over those years in show business. She has had a successful career. She earned four Golden Globes and four Emmys. She also attained the top honor of her profession when she won the Best Actress Academy Award for her role in the 1992 movie, As Good As It Gets. Given those accolades, Ms Hunt is successful. There is no doubt that her early experiences as a child star prepared her for what has been an outstanding adult career. Given those achievements, why would this star declare shell never allow her daughter, now at the age of six, to follow in her footsteps? Everyone familiar with the entertainment scene is aware of the reasons for her attitude. Recent tabloid (小报) news headlines featuring the troubles of former child stars, among them Lindsay Lohan, Britney Spears and the late Gary Coleman, may answer the question. Although Ms Hunt managed to become a successful grown-up star, she apparently believes shes an exception. What Ms Hunt may be suggesting is that many very young stars go through unnatural childhoods on movie and TV sets. While theyre earning big incomes, theyre so pampered (纵容) by directors and praised by fans; they may get false impressions that their lives will always be that way. Then, within a few years, when faced with reality, theyre hurt and confused. After all the overwhelming affection, they find they cant deal with the problems. Thats often when drugs and alcohol take over their lives.Helen Hunt has some other reasons why she doesnt want her daughter to be in the entertainment business. Many child stars can never make a successful transition to meaningful adulthood. However, as with many Hollywood movies, I believe there are both good and bad scenes about how it can be played out in real life.26. According to the passage, Ms Hunt _.A. started acting and modeling when she was a little girlB. has been acting for about 30 yearsC. is the daughter of a famous actor D. started singing when she was eight27. The underlined word “accolades” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”.A. difficultiesB. awardsC. salariesD. opinions28. The author thinks Helen Hunts success is mainly due to _.A. her hard work B. the help of a technical directorC. her experiences as a child star D. her talent and good luck29. Helen Hunt wouldnt allow her daughter to become a child star because she thinks _.A. child stars often take drugs and alcohol B. being a child star may ruin her futureC. child stars arent able to solve their problems D. it is difficult to succeed as a child actor30. From the passage we can conclude that _.A. few child stars will succeed in the future B. there is no way to save the entertainment businessC. the author has a different opinion about child stars D. meaningful adulthood only belongs to non-child stars【答案解析】【文章大意】本文叙述了尽管著名女演员Helen Hunt是童星出身，但她不同意六岁的女儿演电影，因为它认为，许多童星的未来都是悲剧。26【答案】A 【 解析】细节理解题。根据Now in her late 40s, she started acting and modeling when she was eight可知她在很小的时候就开始表演了，故选A。27【答案】B【 解析】词义猜测题。根据She earned four Golden Globes and four Emmys.和when she won the Best Actress Academy Award可知它是奖项，故选B。28【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。根据There is no doubt that her early experiences as a child star prepared her for what has been an outstanding adult career.作者认为Helen Hunt的成功在于她童年开始的经历，故选C。29【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据What Ms Hunt may be suggesting is that many very young stars go through unnatural childhoods on movie and TV sets. While theyre earning big incomes, theyre so pampered (纵容) by directors and praised by fans; they may get false impressions that their lives will always be that way. Then, within a few years, when faced with reality, theyre hurt and confused.童星可能对未来的发展不好，故选B。30【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据I believe there are both good and bad scenes about how it can be played out in real life.可推出作者对于童星有不同的意见，故选C。FMedical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the bodyand the body from themuntil they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger (引发) this release，including changin