高考英语一轮复习基醇点聚焦Unit19Language北师大版.docx

Unit 19 Language 话题：语言学习(Language learning)1.favourite adj.最喜欢的2devote vt.奉献3master v.精通；掌握4fluent adj.流利的5vital adj.极重要的6grasp v.掌握7beneficial adj.有益的8practise v.练习9official adj.官方的；正式的10expression n.词语；表达11vocabulary n.词汇12gradually adv.逐渐地13frequently adv.频繁地14comprehension n.理解15a knowledge of的知识16a large number of大量的17attitude to learning学习态度18develop ones interest培养兴趣19be popular with受欢迎20communicate with与交流1Not only do I like spoken English , but also I am good at it.我不但喜欢英语口语，我还很擅长。2Reading English aloud every morning will benefit you a lot.每天早上大声读英语会让你受益匪浅。3It would be better if I could learn English well while having fun in class.如果我能够在课上玩着学好英语，那就更好了。(2017重庆七校联考)假如你是新华中学的学生李华。请给下周将到你校工作的外籍教师Mr. Mark 写一封电子邮件。主要包括以下要点：1.介绍自己的英语学习情况；2.对Mark的英语课的希望。Dear Mark, My name is Li Hua. Im very glad to hear that youre coming to work in our school next week. Im sure youll have a good time teaching here. English has always been my favourite subject, to which I devote great energy.However, spending a lot of time remembering the new words and studying the grammar rules always makes me tired. Hard as I try, I find that I still have difficulty in reading and speaking. Therefore, I sometimes want to give up. Hopefully, you could bring me something new. It would be better if I could learn English well while having fun in class. Besides, Im also expecting to participate in some afterclass activities.Looking forward to your coming.Yours，Li Hua1punctuation n标点符号2nationwide adv.全国性地3trend n.趋势，倾向4theory n.理论，学说5enlarge vt.扩大6theft n.偷窃7relative n.亲戚，亲属8tight adj.绷紧的9transparent adj.清晰易辨的；透明的10outline vt.勾出轮廓11certificate n.证书；证明12diploma n.毕业证书13candidate n.候选人14amateur adj.业余的15sincerely adv.真诚地1thankful adj.为感到高兴的；感谢的2fold v.折叠；交叉3decade n.十年4ensure vt.确保，保证5attain vt.达到；获得6accelerate vi.&vt.加速7guarantee vt.保证8resemble vt.像；与相似9target n.目标10unconscious adj.无意的；不知不觉的11resemble vt.像；与相似12merely adv.只；仅仅13competence n.能力14register vt.登记15punctual adj.准时的，守时的1fluency n流利度，流畅度fluent adj.流利的，流畅的fluently adv.流利地2accuracy n精确度，准确度accurate adj.精确的，准确的accurately adv.精确地3absence n缺乏；缺席absent adj.缺席的，不在场的4surround vt.环绕，围绕surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n环境5adequate adj.足够的，充分的adequately adv.足够地；充分地6adjust vt.调节；调整adjustable adj.可调整的adjustment n调节；调整7inform vt.告知，通知information n信息8announcement n通告；宣告announce v通知；告知9congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n祝贺，贺喜10negotiate vt.协商；谈判negotiation n谈判；协商11offence n冒犯；得罪offend v冒犯12approval n赞成；赞许；批准approve vt.赞成approving adj.同意的；赞成的13applicant n申请人apply v申请application n申请14embarrass vt.使窘迫embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，令人窘迫的embarrassed adj.感到窘迫的embarrassment n窘迫，难堪 用所给词的适当形式填空1The children are good at adjustingAs for the chairs，they are adjustable and you can make some adjustments to them.(adjust)2Im not convinced about the accuracy of the weather report.That is，I think it is not accurate，for its impossible to predict the weather accurately(accurate)3To our embarrassment，all of us had no money to pay for the bill.In that embarrassing situation，all of us were very embarrassed(embarrass)4She could speak fluent English.When we heard her speak English so fluently，we were amazed at her fluency in English.(fluent)5Tom had hoped to meet with the managers approval and from the managers approving nod，he knew that his plan was approved(approve)1team_up合作2stand_out出色；突出3get_ahead取得成功；获得进步4rely_on依靠；依赖5take_the_form_of采取形式6adjust.to.调整以适应7inform_sb.of_sth.通知某人某事8consist_of_由组成，构成9catch_on学会，受欢迎10for_ages很久，很长时间11congratulate_sb.on_sth.就某事向某人祝贺12on_purpose故意地13regardless_of不管；不顾14on_the_other_hand另一方面15I_bet我肯定16more_than不仅仅，超过 选用上面的短语填空The young man was easygoing and he liked 1.teaming_up with other colleagues.He was so helpful and hardworking that he 2.stood_out among the young employees within a short time.The manager of the company 3.relied_on him to complete some important work.One day one of his colleagues 4.informed_him_of the good news that he had been promoted! He was excited and other colleagues also came up to him to 5.congratulate_him_on_it1It is predicted that.据预测It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.【仿写】据预测这个城市的房价很快又会升高。It_is_predicted_that the prices of houses in this city will go up again soon.2whether.or.引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是，不论还是”Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speakingor writing.【仿写】无论明天下不下雨，我们都要去看电影。We are going to the cinema tomorrow，whether_it_rains_or_not3while表示对比，意为“而，却”Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.【仿写】我喜欢古典音乐，而我妹妹喜欢流行音乐。I like classic music while_my_sister_likes_popular_music4provided that引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，倘若”Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.【仿写】如果你周五之前能把钱还给我，我就借给你。Provided_that you pay me back by Friday，I will lend you the money.名词性从句和非人称转述结构单句改错1That is known to us is that smoking is bad for our health. ThatWhat2He owed his success to the fact what he had been working hard. whatthat3When she is in trouble，she doesnt know which she can turn to.whichwho/whom4It is believed what a new school will be set up here next year. whatthat5The problem is what they are short of money to start the program.whatthat absencen不存在；缺席；缺乏(教材P6)However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，没有英语语言环境，作为一门外语学习英语是非常难的。(1)in the absence of sb.in ones absence在某人不在时in the absence of sth.在缺少的情况下absence of mind心不在焉(2)absent adj.不在的，缺席的be absent from.不参加；缺席 We are concerned about your childs frequent absences.你的孩子频繁缺课使我们很是担心。How many of them are absent from the meeting without permission？他们中有多少人擅自缺席了会议？In the absence of actual data no reliance can be placed on such figures.在缺乏实际资料的情况下，这样的数据不可靠。基础练习单句语法填空(1)He was absent from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.(2)The absence of air and water makes it impossible for people to live on the moon.(3)His absence from the meeting yesterday made the boss angry.(4)The student was absent(absence) from school for three days without asking for leave first. 能力提升句型转换(5)The decision was made while I was not there.The decision was made in_my_absence(6)When lacking proof，the police could not take action against the man.In_the_absence_of proof，the police could not take action against the man. surroundvt.& vi.包围；围绕(经典例句)Surrounding yourself with people wholl provide you with respect and support can be very beneficial.和那些能够给你尊敬和支持的人们在一起是很有益处的。 (1)surround.with.使包围be surrounded by/with.被包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的(3)surroundings n.环境 I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.我逐渐意识到成功的关键在于我应该尽量结交有创造力的人。The hotel is ideally located for visiting the city and the surrounding area.要想游览城市和周边地区，这家宾馆所在的地点很理想。基础练习单句语法填空(1)Surrounded(surround) by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.(2)The trees surrounding(surround) the town were planted by the soldiers ten years ago.(3)Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautifulsurroundings(surround)(4)When he woke up, he found himself surrounded by a group of nurses and doctors, and surroundings were not pleasant.(surround) 能力提升单句写作/句式升级(5)远处那栋高楼是我爸爸公司的所在地。The tall building in_the_distance is home to my fathers company.(6)那栋高楼被许多枫树所环绕。The tall building is_surrounded_by a great many maple trees.(7)用过去分词短语作后置定语连接(5)(6)：The_tall_building_surrounded_by_a_great_many_maple_trees_in_the_distance_is_home_to_my_fathers_company. guaranteevt.担保n保证，保证书，保修单(教材P6)Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.在阅读之前了解主要故事将能保证你在用英语阅读时更好地理解。(1)guarantee to do sth./that.保证/担保做某事；确保guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某事be guaranteed to dosth.肯定会做某事(2)give sb.a guarantee (that).向某人保证under guarantee在保修期内 (2016天津高考)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language.我们的标准课程保证你在外语方面的自信有很大的提高。The government provides help for small businesses，but it cannot guarantee their success.政府向小企业提供帮助，但不能保证它们一定成功。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The tutor said that he could guarantee to_get(get) you through the exam.(2)Going out with friends is_guaranteed(guarantee) to cheer you up.(3)My watch is still under guarantee，so theyll repair it for free.(4)Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?能力提升高考小作文(5)(湖北高考书面表达)我们应该注意小细节， 这保证我们最终能成功。We should pay attention to small details, which_can_guarantee_us_to_succeed in the end. adjustvi.& vt.调整；使适合(天津高考书面表达)However, I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.然而，虽然天气、食物与你们那儿的不同，我认为你会很快适应的。(1)adjust.to.调整以适应adjust to sth./doing sth.适应adjust oneself to使自己适应于 (2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应make an adjustment做出调整(3)adjustable adj.可调整的(2015江苏高考)Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform.一些学校将不得不做出调整， 以便和国家足球改革保持一致。Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living in the big city alone.母亲为她能否独自适应大城市里的生活而担心。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The young girl found it hard to adjust to working(work) at night.(2)We have made an adjustment(adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.(3)There are many adjustable(adjust) tables here and you can choose one for your son.(4)This kind of desk can be_adjusted(adjust) to the height you need.Besides，its not expensive at all.能力提升一句多译在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情。这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。(5)Mikes mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school，which_made_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to_the_firstyear_college_life(定语从句)(6)Mikes mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school，making_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to_the_firstyear_college_life(现在分词作结果状语) informvt.告知；通知；了解(教材P6)Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.把你的目标告诉朋友，这样他们也能激励你。(1)inform sb.of sth.告诉某人某事inform sb.that.通知某人keep rmed随时向某人报告情况(2)information n.通知；信息；情报 We will inform you in writing if your application has been successful.如果你的申请获得成功，我们将以书面形式通知你。(2016上海高考)We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.我们确实知道人们对于他们信息的不正当使用很是担心。基础练习 单句语法填空(1)We regret to_inform(inform) you that your application has been rejected.(2)If you are interested in it, let me know and Ill send you more information(inform)(3)The newspapers keep us informed(inform) of what is going on around us at any time.能力提升单句改错(4)If possible，please inform us any changes in your circumstances. us后加of(5)Whatever happens in the factory, youd better keep the boss rminginformed congratulatevt.祝贺；庆贺(经典例句)We congratulated the player Ding Ning on her success on August 11，2016.在2016年8月11日我们向运动员丁宁祝贺她的胜利。(1)congratulate sb.on sth./doing sth.就向某人祝贺congratulate oneself on.感到庆幸；感到自豪(2)congratulation n.祝贺；恭喜congratulations to sb.on sth.祝贺某人某事 I was congratulating myself on my luck escape when the flood struck.我庆幸在洪水发生时自己能幸免于难。I want to express my sincere congratulations on your success.我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。celebrate举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语congratulate“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on (upon)连接，构成congratulate sb.on (upon) sth.基础练习选词填空(congratulate/celebrate)(1)The two sportsmen congratulated each other on winning the match by shaking hands.(2)We had a party to celebrate my parents silver wedding last Sunday.能力提升一句多译我们都向我们的同事祝贺他在事业上的成功。(3)We all congratulated_our_colleague_on_his_success in his career. (congratulate)(4)We all offered_our_congratulations_to_our_colleague_on_his_success in his career.(congratulation) resemblevt.像；与相似(教材P10)They might also cross their arms and move in an abrupt way resembling a robot more than a human.他们也可能交叉双臂，走起路来像机器人一样笨拙，而不像人。(1)resemble sb./sth.(in).(在方面)与某人/某物相似(2)resemblance n.相似bear a resemblance to(be similar to.)与相似 She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。The animals make a strange sound，resembling the bark of a dog.这些动物发出很奇怪的声音，与狗的叫声有些相似。巧学活用一句多译电影里发生的事和现实生活几乎没有相似之处。(1)What happens in the film is_hardly_similar_to what actually happened.(similar)(2)What happens in the film bears_little_resemblance_to what actually happened.(resemblance) get ahead取得进步；获得成功；领先(教材P6)In todays world，being able to speak more than one language，including English，is how you stand out and get ahead.在当今世界，能够说不止一种语言，包括英语，就意味着你是多么出色和多么成功。get ahead of超过；胜过go ahead前进；干吧；说吧go ahead with开始look ahead向前看ahead of在之前；胜过，超过 Getting ahead at work is the most important thing to me at themoment.对我来讲，此时最重要的是在工作上获得成功。We have to forget all the sad things now and look_ahead现在我们必须忘掉所有不愉快的事并且展望未来。(2016全国卷丙)Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead_of me.虽然受了伤，但是没有被打垮，他仍然是超越我的。 take the/a form of以的形式出现(存在)(教材P6)This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality.这可以以最高质量的阅读材料、听力材料形式出现。(1)form the habit of doing sth.get into/fall into the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯(2)in the form of以的形式；呈现的形式in form竞技状态佳的out of form竞技状态不佳的 fill in/out a form填表 The leader said that the aid might take the form of personal service or cash.这位领导说，援助可以采用个人服务或现金的形式。Make sure you fill in/out the application form completely while you are looking for a job.在找工作时，务必完整地填写申请表。(2016全国卷甲)Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device on your desk. 数以百计的人们通过你桌子上的这个小装置形成有关你的印象。基础练习单句语法填空(1)I saw Mike last nighthe was in good form，which made me relieved.(2)In other words，help in the form of money will be very welcome.(3)(2015广东高考)Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.能力提升高考小作文(4)(重庆高考写作)自从那时， 我已养成了与朋友定期地打篮球的习惯， 这有助于我们变得更强大、 更自信。 Since then, I_have_formed_the_habit_of_playing_basketball with my friends regularly, which helps us to grow stronger and become more confident. catch on学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解；被接受(教材P131)The more you hear different accents，the easier it is to catch on.你听的不同的口音越多，你就越容易理解它(的意思)。一词多义写出下列句中catch on的含义(1)He invented a new game，but it never really caught on.流行起来(2)He is very quick to catch on to things.理解(3)I think this novel will catch on well after it comes out.受欢迎(4)If only this idea could catch on，we should be able to make much money out of it.被接受catch hold of抓住catch up (with)赶上catch sb.doing sth.撞见某人做某事catch sight of看见 The woman caught hold of the boys arm and pulled him back.这个女人抓住男孩的手臂，把他拉了回来。The boy is working hard to catch up with others in his class.这个男孩正在努力学习来赶上班里其他同学。基础练习单句语法填空(1)It is a nice song and I think it will catch on quickly. (2)John ran too fast for me to catch up with him.能力提升单句改错(3)The girl dressed in white was once caught steal from the supermarket. stealstealing(4)He was walking in the street when he caught the sight of a bird in the tree. 去掉第二个the on the other hand.(可是)另一方面(经典例句)On the one hand theyd love to have kids，but on the other hand，they dont want to give up their freedom.一方面他们想要孩子，但是另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。(1)on (the) one hand.; on the other hand.一方面； 另一方面(却)(2)first(ly).; second(ly).第一； 第二(3)for one thing.; for another.一则； 二则 (四川高考书面表达)On the one hand, I have a strong belief that I will do well in the exam; on the other hand, I feel a bit nervous, though its not difficult.一方面， 我坚信我会在考试中做得很好； 另一方面， 虽然不难， 我仍感觉有点紧张。 To improve your English, first(ly), you should listen more; second(ly), you should read more.为了提高你的英语水平， 第一， 你应该多听； 第二， 你应该多读。 Im not going to buy it; for one thing I dont like the color, and for another its far too expensive.我不打算买它； 一是我不喜欢这颜色， 二是它太贵了。 巧学活用高考小作文(山东高考书面表达)一方面， 我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母， 另一方面， 我能从中获得一些经验， 这会对我将来的生活有益。 On_the_one_hand,_I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents, and on_the_other_hand,_I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life. (教材P6)Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。(1)whether.or.引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是，不论还是”。另外，它还可引导名词性从句。(2)whether.or not是否 (2015全国卷)Whether weve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. 无论我们是被偷东西了、被说谎了、被误导了还是被欺骗了，都有不同水平的信任损失。(2016江苏高考)He just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.他根本不在乎邻居是否厌烦。黑猩猩是真的自私。 (教材P12)Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。此句中的provided that为连词，表示“如果，只要”，引导条件状语从句that可以省去，也可用providing替换provided。与之同义的结构还有suppose/supposing that/given that/assuming that/as long as/on condition that等。 Ill agree to go to that famous city provided(that) my expenses are paid.假若有人为我承担费用，我就同意去那个著名的城市。Providing/Provided there is no objecti