广东省东莞市南开实验学校2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练题（7）.doc

广东省东莞市南开实验学校2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练题（7） 阅读理解-Back in the fifteenth century, in a tiny village near Nuremberg, lived a family with eighteen childrenIn spite of the hopeless condition, two of the children, Albrecht Durer and Albert, had a dreamThey both wanted to pursue their talent for artAfter many long discussions, the two boys finally worked out an agreementThey would toss a coinThe loser would go down into the nearby mines and, with his earnings, support his brother who attended the academyThen, when that brother who won the toss completed his studies, in four years, he would support the other brother at the academyTossing a coin, Albrecht Durer won and went off to NurembergAlbert went down into the dangerous mines and, for the next four years, supported his brother, whose work at the academy was almost an immediate sensation（轰动）By the time he graduated, he had earned considerable fees for his outstanding worksWhen the young artist returned to his village, the Durer family held a festive dinner to celebrate Albrechts triumphant（胜利的）homecomingAlbrecht drank a toast to his beloved brother for the years of sacrifice that had enabled him to complete his dream“And now, Albert, blessed brother of mine, now it is your turnNow you can go to Nuremberg to look for your dream, and I will take care of you”Tears streaming down his pale face, Albert sobbed, “NonoIt is too late for meLooklook at what four years in the mines have done to my hands！The bones in every finger have been broken at least once, and lately I have been suffering from arthritis（关节炎）so badly in my right hand that I cannot even hold a glass to return your toast, much less draw delicate lines with a pen or a brush”To show thanks to Albert for all that he had sacrificed, Albrecht Durer painstakingly drew his brothers injured hands with palms together and thin fingers stretched skywardHe called his powerful drawing simply “Hands”, but the entire world almost immediately opened their hearts to his great masterpiece and renamed it “The Praying Hands”The next time you see a copy of that touching creation, let it be your reminderno one ever makes any success alone！【文章大意】本文叙述了有两个兄弟家境贫困，通过扔硬币来决定了弟弟Albrecht Durer去学习艺术了，哥哥 Albert要去危险的矿井干活供弟弟上学。Albrecht Durer毕业后回到自己的村庄，感谢哥哥对他的牺牲和奉献，希望他的哥哥能完成自己的梦想。通过这故事我们可以总结这样一个道理：没有人帮助指导，人们就不会成功的。36Why did the two brothers work out the agreement？AThey were so curious as to make a jokeBTheir family couldnt afford the academyCOne of the brothers was supposed to go into minesDThey wanted to support the other sisters and brothers【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据In spite of the hopeless condition, two of the children, Albrecht Durer and Albert, had a dream可知两个兄弟的家庭比较穷，无法供养他们学习艺术，一次要讨论，在达成一致意见。故选B。37The underlined word “whose” in Para2 refers to _Athe Durer familys Bthe miners CAlberts DAlbrechts【答案】D【 解析】词义猜测题。根据Albrecht Durer won and went off to Nuremberg可知Albrecht Durer赢了，他去学习艺术了。故选D。38Which of the following statements is NOT true about Albrecht Durer？AHe began to earn his living after graduationBHe did perfectly well at the academyCHe wanted his brother to go to the academyDHe created great masterpieces【答案】A【 解析】推理判断题。根据Albrecht drank a toast to his beloved brother for the years of sacrifice that had enabled him to complete his dream可知Albrecht Durer毕业后回到自己的村庄，感谢哥哥对他的牺牲和奉献，希望他的哥哥能完成自己的梦想。因此A项与文章不符合。故选A.39Which of the following is the correct order of the story？aAlbrecht went to Nuremberg bAlbert supported his brothercThe Durer family held a festive dinner dAlbrecht drew his brothers injured handseThe brothers tossed a coinAb, a, c, d, e Ba, e, c, d, b Ce, a, c, b, d De, a, b, c, d【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。按照事情发展的顺序：先是两兄弟扔硬币来决定谁去上学，然后是Albrecht赢了，去上学了，他的哥哥供他上学；接下来是Albrecht学成归来，杜勒一家为他准备了丰盛的晚餐，最后，Albrecht画了一幅他哥哥受伤的手。故选D。40What can we learn from the story？AOne can achieve success simply on his ownBAny success requires the help of othersCIts other people who contribute to ones successDNobody could succeed without good guidance【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据no one ever makes any success alone可知没有人帮助指导，人们就不会成功的。故选B。 较难题目特训：介绍说明类-43Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack. As pack animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other. There are different explanations of a wolfs howl and it appears that there may be more to discover. One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together. Its almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together. Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong, explains Fred H. Harrington, a professor who studies wolf behaviour. Indeed, there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus, and the next, quarreling among each other. It appears that usually the lowest-ranking members of the pack may actually be“punished” for joining in the chorus at times. So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? Why do wolves howl for sure? What is clear, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other. Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times. When this happens, howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering. Howling, interestingly, is a contagious behaviour. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occur in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call” where wolves all howl together to report their presence. 1. What is the possible similarity between wolves howling together and humans singing in chorus? A. The act of calling each other.B. The sense of accomplishment.C. The act of hunting for something.D. The sense of belonging to a group.2. Why does Harrington think the “social bond” theory may be wrong? A. Wolves separate from each other after howling.B. Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.C. Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.D. Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.3. Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to.A. show their ranksB. find their companionsD. express their loneliness4. “Howling. . . is a contagious behaviour” (in the last paragraph)means.A. howling is a signal for huntingB. howling is a way of communicationC. howling often occurs in the morningD. howling spreads from one to another【参考答案】43.1-4 DCBD较难题目特训：介绍说明类-44According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere. The project, called Hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine (涡轮发电机). Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton, 2. 3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture), a technology Hywinds creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables (缆索); these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywinds stability (稳定性) in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September. To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spars centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the oceans surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture). Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available. 1. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of.A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorB. the spar which is floating in deep-sea waterC. the blades driven by strong and steady sea windD. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface2. To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting.A. on the sea floorB. on the spar topC. at sea levelD. behind the blades3. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can.A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsB. make financial profits by producing more turbinesC. settle the arguments about environmental problemsD. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea【参考答案】44.1-3 BCD 阅读理解-Conservationists have unveiled plans to preserve and protect the worlds most important species of coral, in a response to increasing threats that they say will lead to functional extinction within decadesLed by scientists at the Zoological Society of London, the Edge Coral Reefs project has identified 10 coral species in most urgent risk of becoming extinctThe scientists say that reefs are under pressure from a variety of threats including rising sea temperatures due to climatic instability, increased acidity（酸性）, overfishing and pollutionThe Edge plan, which focuses on the most evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered species , will take a regional approach to conservationThis means focusing on the coral triangle around the Philippines, the West Indian Ocean around the Mozambique channel, and in the Caribbean channelCoral reefs are threatened with functional extinction in the next 20-50 years, due predominantly to global climatic instability, said Catherine Head, coordinator of the reefs projectIn these regions, well be supporting and training in-country conservationists to carry out research and implement targeted conservation actions, she saidTheir projects will last initially for two yearsWe provide them with a whole host of tools to carry out their projects including funding and intensive training She addedCoral reefs are the planets most diverse marine ecosystem（生态系统）, known as the rainforests of the oceansDespite taking up under 02% of the ocean floor, they provide food and shelter for almost a third of all sea lifeIf we lose the ecosystems, we lose not only the biodiversity （生物多样性）, but we also lose the capability of people to obtain income and food from coral reefsClimatic instability, which leads to rising sea temperatures, causes corals to bleachBleaching occurs when sea temperatures rise and this causes the coral tissue to expel their symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae - these are what give the coral their colourBleached corals often die if the stress continuesAmong the 10 species chosen to start the Edge project are the pearl bubble coral, a food source for the hawksbill（玳瑁）turtle, and the Mushroom coral, which supports at least 15 brightly colored fish【文章大意】本文您叙述了气候的不稳定导致珊瑚未来10年后将可能会绝迹，因此自然资源保护者正在采取计划保护珊瑚。珊瑚为海洋里三分之一的生物提供食物，是地球上最不同的生态系统。41What does the first paragraph mean in the passage ?AConservationists planned to preserve and protect some extinct corals years agoBConservationists have banned plans to protect endangered corals for yearsCConservationists are going to protect corals that are dying out in several ten yearsDConservationists have made plans to protect corals from being extinct in ten years【答案】C【 解析】主旨大意题。根据preserve and protect the worlds most important species of coral,和increasing threats that they say will lead to functional extinction within decades自然资源保护着正在计划保护未来十几年将可能绝迹的珊瑚。故选C。42What will probably happen to coral species with the increasing threats?ADecrease BLosing functionsCDisappear