2018届高考英语一轮复习Unit3ProjectHope学案重庆大学版.docx

Unit 3Project Hope一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.projectn. 工程 2.demandvi./vt. 强烈要求，请求n. 要求，需求 3.currentlyadv. 目前4.charityn. 慈善5.communityn. 社区6.minorityn. 少数民族 7.striken/vt. 打，击；使突然意识到8.debtn. 债务9.opportunityn. 机会，时机10.influential adj.有影响的influencen影响 vi./vt.影响，改变11.benefit n公益，慈善；利益，好处 vi./vt.使受益，得益于beneficialadj.有益的12.contribute vt./vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致contributionn贡献；捐献；投稿contributorn贡献者；捐献者；投稿人 13.character n文字；人物，角色；特性；品质characteristicn特征，特点 adj.典型的14.volunteer vi./vt.自愿，自愿做，无偿做 n志愿者voluntaryadj.志愿的；自愿的15.development n发展developv发展developingadj.发展中的developedadj.发达的16.assist vt.帮助assistantn助理，助手 adj.辅助的，副的assistancen协助，援助1.The doctor said he was a volunteer and had operated on the patient. He was willing to participate in the voluntary activity. (volunteer)2.There are five characters in this play, but they have their own characteristics.(character)3.The writer personally contributed 5,000 to the earthquake fund. All the contributions will be gratefully received. (contribute)4.As an assistant,_he assisted the professor with the experiment. And his assistance made the experiment easier to do.(assist)5.Our newspaper is an influential newspaper in this city, so the remarks on it have a great influence on the public.(influence)6.Your suggestion is very beneficial and I have benefited a lot from it. (benefit)7.With the development of economy, our country are becoming better and better. However, China is still a developing country. (develop)1.把握“多数与少数”minority n少数minor adj. 少数的in the minority 占少数major adj. 主要的majority n. 大多数in the majority 占多数2.“机会”多多opportunity n机会，时机chance n. 机会occasion n. 时机，机会moment n. 时刻，契机3攻克tial结尾形容词influential 有影响的initial 原始的potential潜在的essential 必要的partial 部分的4“特性”同义词小聚character n. 特性；品质characteristic n. 特性；特征feature n. 特征，特色quality n. 质量；特性二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.all_over遍及，到处2.stand_out 显眼，突出3.a_pair_of 一双，一对4.cry_for 哭着要求得到；恳求；迫切需要 5.thousands_of 数以千计的6.bring_up 教育，养育7.home_and_abroad 国内外8.be_used_to_do 被用来做9.drop_out 退学，辍学10.use_up 用完，耗尽11.in_debt 负债12.dream_of 梦想，渴望13.pay_off 还清；得到好结果14.gain_a_place_at/in 在赢得一席之地1.You must pay_off your old loan before you can obtain a new one.2.Once the nonrenewable resources are used_up,_nothing can replace them. 3.He dropped_out of college after only two weeks because of not living on his own.4.As a boy, his parents left him and he was brought_up by his grandfather. 5.He played the violin, and he stood_out from all the other musicians.6.You will end up in_debt if you carry on spending money like that.1.stand短语一览stand out 突出，显眼stand for 代表；象征stand by 支持；袖手旁观stand up for 保护；支持2.used短语记记看be used to do sth.被用来做某事used to do sth. 过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used for . 用作3.“迫切需要”知多少cry/long forbe dying/anxious/eager forbe hungry/thirsty for三、句式背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.That pair of eyes in the picture Xie took, named “I want to go to school”， has moved thousands of people across China . 在谢拍摄的那幅名为“我想去上学”的图画中的那双眼睛已经感动了数千中国人过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。建于1911年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。Tsinghua University, founded_in_1911,_is home to a great number of outstanding figures.2.Born in a poor family of the Tibetan minority in Sichuan, Rang Ying said she had to drop out of school twice because of poverty.让英出生于四川省一户贫困的藏族人家，她说她曾经两次因为贫困辍学。过去分词作状语，表示原因。由于受到很大的鼓舞，我决心将那项艰苦的工作继续做下去。Greatly_encouraged,_I made up my mind to carry on the hard work.3.Her father died that year leaving Rang Ying and her mother in debt. 那一年她父亲去世了，使得让英和她的母亲陷入债务中。现在分词短语作结果状语，其中含“leave/make等宾语宾补”结构。街道两旁都是新建的木屋，使这个古旧小镇变成了梦幻之地。(2016北京高考单选)Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street, turning_the_old_town_into_a_dreamland.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1influential adj.有影响的经典例句She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物。(1)be influential in (doing) sth.对(做)某事颇有影响(2)influence n. 影响vi./vt.影响，改变have an influence on/upon . 对有影响under the influence of . 在的影响下influence sb. to do sth. 影响某人做某事His uncle, who works in Beijing, is an influential (influence) politician.他的叔叔在北京工作，是一位具有影响力的政治家。What parents say and do in daily life usually has a permanent influence on their child.父母在日常生活中的言行通常会给他们的孩子造成永久的影响。What influenced you to_choose (choose) a career in nursing?是什么影响你使你选择了护士这个职业？2demand vi./vt.强烈要求；请求；需要 n要求，需求经典例句It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded of her.好像无论她做什么，都会有更多的要求等着她。(1)demand to do sth.要求做某事demand sth.of/from sb. 向某人要某物demand that . (should) do sth.要求做某事(2)meet/satisfy ones demands 满足某人的要求in demand 非常需要的；受欢迎的The boss demanded that Mary (should)_finish (finish)the task within a week.老板要求玛丽在一周内完成这项工作。First, science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China.首先，在中国对理科毕业生的需求比对文科更大。名师指津表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”的动词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应为“should动词原形”，should可省略。此用法常见动词为：3character n文字，字母；品格，品质；特征，特性；(小说、戏剧中的)人物，角色；性格经典例句Generosity is part of the American character.慷慨是美国人性格的一部分。(1)a leading character主角in character 符合某人的性格out of character 不符合某人的性格(2)characteristic (of) adj.表现特点的 n. 特征，特性Her behaviour last night was completely out_of_character.她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不同。Its characteristic of her that she never complains.从来不发牢骚是她的特点。一言串记One may only have a character, but may have many characteristics, all of which make up ones character.一个人可能只有一种性格，但可能有多种特征或特点，所有这些特征或特点便构成了一个人的品质。4assistance n帮助，援助，协助教材原句Fortunately, the newlyestablished Project Hope provided assistance so that she was able to finish her primary school education in 1993.幸运的是，在1993年，那个新成立的希望工程帮助她完成了小学教育。(1)come to sb.s assistance来/去帮助某人with the assistance of 在的帮助下(2)assist vt.帮助，协助assist (sb.) to do sth./in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事(3)assistant n. 助理，助手adj.辅助的，副的With_the_assistance_of my cousin we paddled across the river in the dark to participate in a private meeting.在我表弟的帮助下，我们趁天黑划过河去参加一个秘密会议。We shall do our best to assist him in correcting (correct) his mistakes.我们将尽力帮他改正错误。To assist the students to_learn (learn) Chinese better, our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.(2015天津高考书面表达)为了帮助学生学好汉语，我们学校决定给你们中文班捐赠一批图书。.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1Its unbelievable that he resembles his father very much in character.2Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.3It struck me that I forgot to go to the airport to pick up my friend.4Four people volunteered to_help (help) workers decorate the gym for the dance.5Im aware that parents have an important influence on childrens development.6Being offered the opportunity to_speak (speak) at the graduation ceremony made him overjoyed.7In the general population, lefthanded people are in_the_minority (占少数)8Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit_from (从中受益) it.重难点多练1demand个个清(1)单句语法填空Soft drinks are much in demand in this season.She demanded to_see (see) the headmaster immediately to settle the problem.The police demanded that he (should)_give (give) them the names.He has always demanded the highest standards of behaviour from/of his children.(2)句型转换She demanded to be told everything about it.She demanded that she should_be_told everything about it.2assistance多角度(1)句型转换I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me in preparing this book.I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me_to_prepare this book.When I was in difficulty, he came to help me kindly.When I was in difficulty, he kindly assisted_me/came_to_my_assistance.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段John works as an assistant (副的) manager in an import company. He is a nice person and usually assists_his_neighbors_with (在方面帮助他的邻居) lots of things. So they like him very much. Several days ago, John fell down the ladder and injured his leg badly. His neighbor Lucy, who is a nurse, came_to_his_assistance (来帮助他) at the bad news. With_the_assistance_of (在的帮助下) Lucy, John is recovering quickly. .阅读词汇专练根据语境选出动词contribute的词义(A)捐献，捐赠(B)作贡献(C)促成，有助于(D)导致 (E)投稿1He contributed an article to ChinaDaily._E_2I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. _B_3Many millionaires and billionaires are keen on contributing to charities._A_4Walking after supper contributes to your better health._C_5It was your carelessness that contributed to the failure._D_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1use up用完，耗尽教材原句Her father had fallen ill and his medical bills used up the family resources.她的爸爸病了并且他的医疗费用光了家里的积蓄。use uprun out of用光，用完(及物动词短语， 主语一般为人)give outrun out 用完，耗尽(不及物动词短语， 其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等)Sana could be the first capital in the world to use up (run_out_of) water.萨那将可能是全世界第一个无水可用的首都。His strength gave out (ran_out) after he ran that long distance.跑了那么长的路，他的力气耗尽了。2in debt负债高考佳句Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. On the other hand, it could just put you in debt.(2014江西高考单选)开始你自己的事业可能是一种获得经济独立的方法，另一方面，它可能将你置于债务之中。(be) in debt欠债；负债(表状态)run/get/fall into debt 欠债；负债(表动作)(be) out of debt 不欠债(表状态)be in ones debtbe in debt to sb. 欠某人的债/人情/恩情(表状态)pay off ones debts 还清债务(表动作)He was_in_debt when he was poor, but he has been out_of_debt since he got rich.他穷的时候欠了债，但自从富裕后就摆脱了债务。The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay_off_all_their_debts.为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。3Born_in_a_poor_family of the Tibetan minority in Sichuan, Rang Ying said she had to drop out of school twice because of poverty.让英出生于四川省一户贫困的藏族人家，她说她曾经两次因为贫困辍学。Born in a poor family为过去分词短语作状语。过去分词在句中作状语时，和句子的主语是被动关系，在句中可以作时间、条件、原因、方式、让步及伴随状语。Used (use)with care, one tin will last for six weeks.如果用得仔细的话，一罐可以够用六周。Tired (tire) of working for over ten hours a day, he wants to quit the job.厌倦了一天工作十多个小时，他想辞职。Ordered (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016北京高考单选)那些书是一周前订购的，应该随时都会送来。.基础点全练1单句语法填空/补全句子Our products command a good market both at home and abroad.More highways have been built in China, making (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.Offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.I have used up my paper, so I must buy some more.He searched the room carefully, only to_find (find) nothing.He worked hard and he ended up gaining a place in/at his field.I dream_of (梦想) travelling all over the world to satisfy my curiosity in future. After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood_out (突出) because of her excellent spoken English. 2运用所学短语完成片段Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all_over (遍及) the world. If you cry_for (恳求) watching the national football match, perhaps you should wear a suit of particular clothing now. Thousands_of (数以千计的) fans home_and_abroad (国内外) will be present cheering. Almost all the seats will be taken up then. Some volunteers will stand_out (显眼，突出) in the stadium, serving the match. I believe their efforts will pay_off (得到好结果).重难点多练debt相关短语全接触补全句子据说这家工厂债务重重。Its said that the factory is_deeply_in_debt.工厂倒闭后这个人负债累累。The man ran/got/fell_into_debt after his factory broke down.你救了我的命，我永远感恩不尽。You saved my life; I would be forever in_your_debt.他不希望由于餐馆不再受欢迎而负债。He did not look forward to being_in_debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.课堂练牢基础.单句语法填空1The manager demanded that the workers (should)_work (work)extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.2If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline. (2015全国卷书面表达)3The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing (bathe) the mountain in golden light.(2013湖南高考单选)4The assistant manager assists the manager with many of his duties every day.5He used his influential (influence) friends to help him get into the civil service by the back door.6Bearing a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children.7The elderly are too old and need to be looked after.8I used to be (be) a very selfcentered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. 9Youll have to pay off your old loan before being allowed a new one.10. You cannot accept an opinion offered (offer) to you unless it is based on facts. (2013湖南高考单选).单句改错1The new road sign is easy to read; the words on it stand out well.outfor2She offered to assist them the marketing of the product. them后加with3It is said that yoga is for great benefit to human health.forof4Thousand of families were killed and many children were left without parents. ThousandThousands_5He demanded that the door must be locked at once.mustshould或去掉must6Offering a lift on her way, Jenny finally managed to get to the station in time.offeringoffered.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文There are many famous people all_over (遍及) the world. Some amazing people stand_out (突出) in some academic researches home_and_abroad (国内外). They have created many new things and they made our world better through their thoughts and actions. For example, Bill Gates has had a great effect on computer technology, which helps us a lot. It was Beethoven who created wonderful music for us. Yuan Longping, who is called “Father of Hybrid Rice”， has offered to do the research on growth of a better rice breed. Though (As/Since/Though) they are of different times and nationalities, what they have in common is that they have_contributed_a_lot_to (对贡献大) the world in their fields. If you dream_of (梦想) being a scientist, you must participate in all kinds of practical researches. So long as you cry_for (迫切需要) making progress, I believe your efforts will pay_off (得到好结果) one day.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)effectinfluence(2)helpsbenefits(3)offeredvolunteered(4)growthdevelopment2按要求改写句式(1)用现在分词短语作结果状语改写句They_have_created_many_new_things,_making_our_world_better_through_their_thoughts_and_actions._(2)用过去分词作定语改写句Yuan_Longping,_called_“Father_of_Hybrid_Rice”，_has_offered_to_do_the_research_on_growth_of_a_better_rice_breed.课下练熟高考练(一)第卷强化增分练练规范(限时：45分钟).语法填空(2017河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试)Philip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good_1_(impress) on the boss. He often stayed late at the office, to show_2_ committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just_3 to go home when he saw his boss_4(stand) in front of the shredder (碎纸机), holding a document.“Ah, Philip! Im glad youre still here in the office！”said the boss，“Good_5_(see) all your hard work and professionalism. Now I wonder if you could help me.”“Of course，” replied Philip.“Its no trouble.”“Good man! You see, my secretary has already gone home_6_I havent got a clue how this thing works. Its so important that I have to get this done before tomorrow. If you_7(can) do this one more thing before you go home, Id_8(real) appreciate it.”“No problem，” said Philip, _9_(happy) to be asked to do such a simple job.He took the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.“Thats excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder. “I just need two_10_(copy)”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Philip帮不会操作机器的老板把文件放入了碎纸机，而老板却说“给我复印两份”的幽默故事。1impression make a good impression on sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人留下好印象”。2how句意：他经常在办公室里待到很晚，以此来显示他是多么地敬业和勤奋。“committed”和“hardworking”是形容词，所以用副词how修饰，表示程度。3about固定句型 be about to do sth. when .意为“正要做某事时突然”。故填 about。4standing动词see后通常接动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语，此处表示正在发生的动作，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。5to see分析句子结构可知，形容词“Good”前省略了it is，所以用动词不定式作真正的主语。6and分析句子结构可知，此处用连词and连接两个并列的句子。7could根据主句中的谓语动词可知，此处是指与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以if引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。故填could。8really应用副词修饰动词“appreciate”。real的副词形式为 really。9happy根据语境可知，Philip很高兴被要求做这样简单的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处用形容词happy作状语，表伴随。10copies根据数词“two”可知，此处名词应使用复数形式。copy的复数形式为copies。.短文改错My soccer coach retired in last week.I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.My mum made the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really well.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!答案：第一句：去掉in第二句：anythingsomething第三句：betterbest; decidedecided第四句：stepsteps第六句：wellgood第七句：afterwhen/while第八句：athe; just后加to第九句：enjoyenjoying.书面表达(2017巴南区一模)你校将举办主题为“未来工作畅想”的征文活动。请你根据下面所给要点写一篇英语短文。1你梦想的工作；2你的兴趣或特长；3该工作的重要性。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。As a Senior Three student, I often imagine what I will be doing in the future._参考范文：As a Senior Three student, I often imagine what I will be doing in the future. Talking of my dream job, I expect to be an English teacher for the following reasons.First, Im an energetic outgoing girl/boy with great patience. Thats what makes a qualified teacher, in my opinion. Besides, I am crazy about the