外文翻译--- 中小型循环流化床锅炉的点火运行技术.docx

文献阅读及译文Small circulating fluidized bed boiler technology ignition runAbstract：To introduce an economic, strong and the vessels of the boiler, the technology the process of law and experience.Keywords ：The boiler the technology cycle vessels1 forewordThe vessels one cycle of a boiler is a burning efficient, adaptable, to change to heat loading, the scope of such emissions, but in the process of implementation of the case of nitrogen, environmental requirements to take off the fire the boiler. at present, in the small and medium-sized heating or production of the boiler（ten tons ofseventy five ton）the widespread adoption of the stove, Parts new, or the reform of the circulation of vessels, quite a number of personnel for operation of vessels of the running so the technology and economy is a better and better attuned to the small and medium-sized the vessels of the operation of the technology, combined with wood taiyuan boiler plant type of vessels hot water runs by the technology for this.2 the operation of the technical2.1 the preparation of variousFor new, or overhauling of the cycle of vessels, when the boiler pressure test of boilers and the furnace to boil over and the inmates are allowed to pass and have the run. in the running up before the preparations have been covered against ：coal, coal, the electrical and control system that the boilers in the water, the army and the valve is opened, the cycle pump has to run the normal, all the preparatory work is complete with the operating conditions.Ready enough some matches, there are mainly：the（with wood is best pear trees and the hard wood and assorted wood）200kg, wood is in 3050mm length between the two300mm, there is no iron and wood ;the things in bulk 85100kg in diameter, 2040mm.The boiler the fluidized bed with the base chosen not to boil water or damp（better is the circulation of the vessels of boilers）, granularity for510mm between the number for use by subtracting 5and 10by 10mm to the base of the sieve, the removal of the screen of a large and small particles of path.2.2 the vessels before the light of the cold was enough to test ：The vessels before the light of the cold was enough to test for the purpose of the vessels for the offer for the reference of the parameters and guidelines. the cold was enough to run the main content to for coal and speed between the different thickness；direction of the base, drums, of the frequency, the wind with a bellows air pressure vessels the relationship between the curve. the relationship with a drawn out to help the operation.Simulated tests, the vessels to 350450mm of the base blowers, on the bed into the base flow into the boiling state, with a rake in the bed and tugging, not hamper, a floating feel that the base has run into. the blowers, observations on the bed surface of the base for, if the surface smooth the flow of a rough surface of the base, if the cap that there may be blocked, Should deal with the simulated tests. the experiment in observing once or twice returned, proper regulation of the back of the wind to meet the requirements. simulation testing process should be a detailed record of all types of parameters.2.3 ignition runIn the cold was enough to test on the basis of data, select the right thickness （350mm450mm）the base of the way, the base on a hundred200kg of wood and wood on fire, and therefore should be placed in a small number of diesel scavenging wood, and closed the door at the end of the vessels of temperature, central the temperature every 2030min man went through a wood and wood to burn a piece of diameter of about 30mm .Observe the expected temperature vessels up to 400500 and temperature 250350（general time for two to three hours）to vessels in the base of over 6080kg and caught fire to burn full, the continued heating the end of the base, vessels temperature reached more than 600 （the burning fiery red）presented, if the temperature will remain fiveten minutes, the base has been full of heat and light the fire started.Starts, you will first, a fan of the mock trials open to that the meeting, open and opened a fan. fan , the frequency of , gradually increase the quantity, and take over 200pa250pa, the base flow, the temperature is gradually rising and when the base of the temperature rises to about 800, for coal, for a small side for the amount of coal increased the wind, and maintain a negative and To the base temperatures rise to about 950, then adjust of frequencies and frequency of the blowers of the pressure maintained in 150pa200pa, when the temperature of around the base for steady state, the successful start, the process usually takes threefive min success. the regulation again in the amount of coal, and to maintain a negative temperature to down at about 100pa.The process, to maintain of negative, the door to prevent the fire. in addition, in order to find coal fire in the base for local shiny or the temperature increases, the base of a settlement, which should be reduced to increase the amount of coal, the wind seared;if found in the bright light ball up and the amount is too big, should reduce the amount.The start process should have the detailed records, and observation of boilers and the expansion of the display of data, the successful gradually adjust the conditions needed to achieve.2.4 can learn from experiencea blowers, once or twice the blower use control ；b before the fire the boiler for the operation boxes, will facilitate the ；c the process of maintaining large negative, an increase in the personal safety ；d twice returned to the material in the process is not involved, the successful investment gradually.3 conclusionsThe vessels and the use of the wood and the way to reduce the average cost （each time no more than 1500 rmb）and the risk factor, it is easy to grasp the method and operation, and ignition timing is a relatively short , especially for four hours to focus on the heating or production of the vessels of small and medium cycle of operation. the boiler. 中小型循环流化床锅炉的点火运行技术摘 要：介绍一种经济的、可操作性强的中小型循环流化床锅炉的点火技术-木柴木炭点火法的过程和经验。关键字：循环流化床 锅炉 点火技术1 前言循环流化床锅炉是一种燃烧效率高、煤种适应性强、对热负荷变化适应范围大、污染物排放量较少，且易于在锅炉燃烧过程中实现脱硫脱氮而达到环保要求的锅炉炉型。目前，在中小型供热或生产用汽锅炉（10吨75吨）中广泛采用此炉型，各地新上或改造了不少循环流化床锅炉，相当一部分操作运行人员对于循环流化床锅炉的点火运行技术比较陌生，现就一种经济性好、可操作性强的适应于中小型循环流化床锅炉的点火运行技术 木柴木炭法，结合太原锅炉厂的DHF291.6/150/90P型循环流化床热水锅炉的点火运行技术进行阐述。2 木柴木炭点火运行技术2.1 点火前的各项准备工作对于新装、改造或大修后的循环流化床锅炉，锅炉的水压试验、烘炉、煮炉等均已经监检合格且准许运行。在点火运行前应做好以下准备工作：煤斗已经上满煤，电气仪表控制系统准备妥当，锅炉上满水，锅炉进出水口阀门开启正确，循环泵已经开启运行正常等，各项准备工作全部完成具备点火运行条件。准备好足够的点火柴料，主要有：点火用木柴（最好是梨木、枣木等硬杂木）200Kg，木柴直径在3050mm之间，长度在250300mm之间，木柴上无铁钉等杂物；点火用块状木炭85100Kg，木炭块的直径为2040mm。循环流化床锅炉点火用底料选用没有过水或受潮的沸腾炉渣（最好是循环流化床锅炉的炉渣），粒度为510mm之间，使用筛孔为55mm和1010mm的筛子将底料过筛，去除粒径过大和粒径过小的颗粒。2.2 循环流化床锅炉点火前的冷态模拟试验：循环流化床锅炉点火前的冷态模拟试验的目的是为循环流化床锅炉点火运行提供可供参考的运行参数，指导点火运行。冷态模拟试验的主要内容有：给煤机的给煤量与转速之间的标定；不同厚度的底料下，鼓、引风机的变频器频率、风门开度与流化床风箱风压之间的关系。以上关系用曲线绘制出来指导点火运行。模拟试验时，在流化床铺设350450mm厚的底料，开启引风机、鼓风机，观察炉床内底料逐渐流化到沸腾状态，用火耙在炉床上来回拉动，感觉无阻滞、略带漂浮的感觉，说明底料已经完全流化。停止鼓风机、引风机后观察炉床底料表面，若底料表面平整则说明流化状态良好，若底料表面凸凹不平则说明风帽可能有堵塞的现象，应处理后再进行模拟试验。在模拟试验过程中同时观察一次、二次返料的效果，适当调节二次返料的风量以满足要求。模拟试验过程中应详细记录各类参数。2.3 点火运行 在冷态模拟实验数据的基础上，选择厚度合适（一般为350mm450mm）的底料铺平，底料上铺100200Kg的木柴，木柴应架空以利着火，然后用少量柴油引燃木柴，关闭炉门观察流化床底料的温度、炉膛中部温度，每隔2030min人为翻动一次木柴，使木柴充分燃烧成为粒径30mm左右的木炭块。观察流化床底料温度达到400500，