电气工程专业外文翻译.doc

Session M1EWork in Progress - Integration of Hands-On-Laboratory Experience of Power Electronics andRenewable Energy ApplicationsEduardo I. Ortiz-Rivera, Member IEEE, and Marcel J. Castro-Sitiriche, Member IEEEUniversity of Puerto Rico-Mayagez, Eduardo.O, Marcel.CAbstract This work-in-progress presents the researchand educational activities designed to create a synergyrelated to aspects of the power electronics laboratoryexperience using alternative energy, and dissemination ofknowledge related to the impact of renewable energy aspart of the solution to achieve a sustainable future &economy for the society, as well as to the nationalsecurity based on the reality and needs of Puerto Rico.The work-in-progress is focused on two areas: 1)Integration of hands-on laboratory experiences withundergraduate power electronics courses and renewableenergy applications 2) Undergraduate researchexperience on power electronics and systems withselected power electronics topologies for renewableapplications with a special focus to the reality of ageographical region (for our case Puerto Rico). Finally,its also intended with this paper to create an interest inother academic institutions about the importance andneed of an electrical engineering program which shouldinclude power electronics, renewable energy, and labexperience as part of their curriculum for the benefit oftheir countries.Index Terms - Educational technology, laboratories, powerelectronics, solar energy, thermoelectric energy.INTRODUCTIONThe current changes in the worldwide markets are making alarge impact in our daily lives. The cost of oil is rising andthe reserves are decreasing every day. Also, dramaticdemographic changes are impacting the feasibility of theelectric infrastructure and eventually the economic future ofthe industry. As well, the reduction of CO2 emissions playsan important role in the production of electric energy. Theseare some of the reasons that many countries are looking tointegrate renewable energy sources as part of their publicpolicy to produce electricity in a sustainable way 1.But any energy plan which involves changes to theelectrical infrastructure and its public policy would require awell trained workforce with special knowledge in traditionalpower systems, power electronics topologies, and availabletypes of renewable energy sources. For any country, to havea well trained engineering force, their academic institutionsplay a critical role in their development. It is why today forany regular student (and potential employer) is not sufficientto have theoretical courses; but also it is necessary somepractical experience! As part of this effort, the authors ofthis work has incorporated a strategy based on theintegration of hands on laboratory experience to attract andtrain properly ECE students in the areas of power electronics(PELS), renewable energy and undergraduate research.WHY HANDS ON EXPERIENCE IS SO IMPORTANT?It is well known that good laboratory experiences increasethe interest of students in an area by connecting the theory topractice facilitating an active learning process 2. Aninteresting strategy have been developing at University ofPuerto Rico in Mayagez (UPRMs) ECE Department tohave a well trained engineering force with a focus onrenewable energy and its related aspects, specifically by theMathematical Modeling and Control of Renewable Energyfor the Advance in the Technology and Education(Minds2CREATE) Research Team lead by Dr. Eduardo I.Ortiz-Rivera. The integration of theoretical courses withhands on laboratory experience specifically in powerelectronics and renewable energy applications has been themain focal point for the Minds2CREATE Research Team 3.The main objective of this strategy is essentially to preparethe best engineering workforce to satisfy the required energyneeds of a country or a region without sacrifice its futuresustainability. The presented laboratory experiences have apotential to reach 100 students a year in Power Electronicsbasic undergraduate course, 60 undergraduate students inadvance courses in addition to those doing undergraduateresearch. This experience have a tremendous impact in thelarge amount of Electrical Engineering students thatgraduate every year from concentrations related to powerelectronics (around 100 students per year) at UPRM.At UPRM, the Minds2CREATE Research Team has beenpreparing ECE students in the areas of renewable energy andpower electronics for power system applications based onthe geographical reality of Puerto Rico. To obtain thetheoretical expertise, the ECE students interested in theseareas, are required to take a series of courses with focus onrenewable energy and power electronics. Figure 1 illustratethe required ECE courses for the under level. Each course isdesigned with the fundamental knowledge required for aproper understanding of power electronics and itsapplication to renewable energy.ACTIVITIES FOR HANDS-ON-LABORATORY EXPERIENCETo have the proper courses based on the reality of PuertoRico, it is not enough to obtain a proper education on powerelectronic and renewable energy!Session M1EExperimental Set-upFIGURE 1PELS UNDERGRADUATE OPTION WITH FOCUS ON RENEWABLE ENERGY.Thats why, the integration of a hands on laboratoryexperiences to these courses is fundamental to attract newstudents and increase their interest to do research inengineering. In the long run, these steps are the ones thatprovide the base for advance graduate education. Theactivities related to hands on laboratory experience areincorporated with other educational components such astheory, simulations, and real-life engineering problemsoffered in the courses. An example of the experiments forthe students hands-on-experience is decribed:1) Electrical characterization of proton exchange fuel cellsFor this experimental work, the student will use a low powerPEM fuel cell interconnected with a dc-dc converter and avariable resistive load. It is required that the student shouldlearn how to use a PEM fuel cell, design the requiredcomponents for the dc-dc converter, simulate and construct aprototype to control the power and current by a fuel cell.2) Mathematical modeling of PV modules for MPPT controlThis experiment involve concepts related to optimal controland the characterization of PVMs using nonlinear models.For this task the student will learn how to understand a PVdatasheet and to use this data to charaterize a solar panel.The theoretical values will be compared with the PVMexperimental values using a software tool previsoulydesigned 1. Finally, the student will connect the PVMs toa boost converter to extract the PVMs maximum power.3) Desing and prototype of a three phase Z-Source inverterFor the realization of this experiment, it is required that thestudent should understand concepts like three phase systems,Pulse-Width-Modulation, Z-source, and inverters. To designthe inverter, the student is required to use software tools likePSIM, SABER, Matlab, etc. At the Power ElectronicsSystems (PELS) lab, the students will construct a prototypeFIGURE 2ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL OF PEM FUEL CELL.will appeal to a wide range of areas at the University ofPuerto Rico. Some of the advantages to study different typesof renewable energies in Puerto Rico are excellent tropicalweather conditions, constant wind conditions in themountain regions, year-round sunny conditions, and all ofthem in a single place. Finally, this project has beensuccessful given that Puerto Rico has an excellent location inthe Caribbean, active research of new technologies related torenewable energy, an excellent place for the education ofengineers, and interest of the students for businessopportunities in the island as future entrepreneurs.PROJECT STATUSThe research group has successfully disseminated the workthrough 5 publications in various journals and conferences.Twelve undergraduate students have been doing hands-onlaboratory based research during the past year. Currently, weare bringing together representatives from the variousindustries related to renewable energy to identify specificworkforce skills. Specifically, we are in the process ofconvening an advisory board group charged with refiningand implementing the process for involving a widercollaboration between the industry and the academy at PR.This board will make recommendations to the group relatedto areas of need, potential for innovation, funding sourcesand crucial long term partnerships.ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of allthe members that belong to the Mathematical Modeling andControl of Renewable Energies for Advance Technology &Education (Minds2CREATE) Research Team at UPRM.including topology selection, heat sink, insulated-gatebipolar transistor (IGBT) selection & transformer/inductorconstruction 3.EXPECTED FUTURE FOR THE STUDENTS AND PUERTO RICOIt is expected that at the end of the student academic career,the student will have a breadth of relevant power electronictopologies useful for renewable sources, knowledge in thecharacterization of the available renewable energies in thegeographic region of Puerto Rico, familiarity about publicpolicy related to energy and the agencies for their use ®ulation with their societal/economical issues, all of whichM1E-2进行中的工程电力电子技术和可再生能源实验课程的一体化摘 要这个正在进行的工作展现了研究工作和教育活动在利用可替代能源的电力电子实验室和可再生能源作为未来经济和社会获得可持续发展的解决方案和基于波多黎各国家实际需要的重要影响的散布推广。这项正在进行的工作主要集中在两个方面：1）电力电子本科生课程实验室的实践操作的集成以及可再生能源的应用。2）本科生关于选定对于可再生能源在一个真实地理区域（例如我们的情况波多黎各）的应用的电力电子拓扑的研究经验。最后，作为我们这篇论文的一个目的，我们希望可以使其他学术机构注意到对于一个电力工程的教学大纲，增加包括电力电子学、可再生能源、和实验教学的课程对于他们国家益处的重要性以及必须性。关键词：教学工艺、实验室、电力电子学、太阳能、热能引 言当今世界范围内市场的变化给我们的日常生活带来了巨大的影响。油价每天都在涨，但存储量每天都在下降。同时，人口统计的变化会影响电力设施的可行性，并最终影响到工业在经济上的未来。而且，二氧化碳排放量的减少为电力设备的生产提供了帮助。这就是为什么那么多国家希望集合可再生能源作为他们用持续发展方式发电的作为他们国家政策的一部分。但是，任何改变电力基本设备的计划和它的国家政策都需要有着传统电力系统、电力电子拓扑结构和可行性的可再生能源方面专业知识的熟练劳动工人。对于任何国家来说，他们的专业机构对于使这个国家具有良好专业知识的熟练劳动工人都扮演着十分重要的角色。这就是对于现在普通的学生（潜在的雇员）只学理论课程并不够的原因；同时，一些实践操作的实验也是必须的！为了达到这个目的，作者做的工作是把一些实际操作实验的一体化策略加入，以吸引和培养合适的电力电子、可再生能源和本科研究领域的ECE学生。为什么实际操作实验如此重要？我们都知道好的实验室实验增加了学生在这一领域的兴趣，因为将理论与实践向结合，并且促使学生主动的学习的一个过程。一个引人关注的政策已经被波多黎各的马亚圭斯校区ECE学院推行出来以得到可再生能源和其相关领域的优良技术生产力，特别是他们利用了由爱德华多奥尔蒂斯博士领导的技术和教育先进性的数学建模和可再生能源的控制。理论课程实验的一体化特别是电力电子和可再生资源的应用已经变成了Minds2CREATE研究团队的聚焦点。这项策略的基本目标是为国家或者一个区域准备出足够的最好的工程劳动者来满足需要，而又不会牺牲未来的可持续发展。目前的实践课程有可以达到100名电力电子基础本科课程的学生，除去做研究的学生外其中有60名学习先行课程的本科生的潜力。这个实验在深刻影响到了大量的电力电子学生，每年有大约100名马亚圭斯大学电力电子相关专业的学生。在马亚圭斯大学，Minds2CREATE研究团队已经开始让电力电子和可再生能源专业的学生准备基于波多黎各地理情况的电力系统应用。为了获得理论知识，对这个领域感兴趣的ECE学生需要学习一系列的关于可再生能源和电力电子的课程。图1描述了对应一下等级的ECE课程。每一门课程都是由电力电子和其在可再生能源方面的应用的易