English二-阶段测评1(2012).docx

英语二-阶段测评1（2012年版）1.阅读判断 1.1 A Tribute to the DogThe best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust withour happiness and our good name, may become traitors to their faith.The money that a man has he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most. A mans reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action.The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads. The one absolute, unselfish friend a man may have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog.A mans dog stands byhim in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground when the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he can be near his masters side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to offer. He will lick the sores and wounds that come in the encounter with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince.When all other friends desert, he remains. When riches take wings and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens. If fortune drives the master forth, an outcastin the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him to guard him against danger, to fight against his enemies. And when the last scene of all comes and death takes its master in its embrace and the body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their way, there by his graveside will the noble dog be found, his head between his paws, his eyes sad but open in alert watchfulnessfaithful and true even to death.1.1.1 A mans best friend will never turn against him and become his enemy.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第一段的第一句话The best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his enemy.可知，该说法错误。另外需要注意的是：本句中含有过于绝对的词never，可以判断错误的可能性较大。b1.1.2 A persons child may turn out to be ungrateful.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第一段的第二句话His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful.可知，该说法正确。本句中的may prove被may turn out替换了。a1.1.3 The people who flatter（奉承，谄媚） us when we are successfulare the first to throw the stone of malice when we are in difficulty.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第二段的第四句话The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads.可知，该说法和原文的差别之处在于联系动词，原文用的是may be，本句用的是are。根据原文中的表述可知这些人可能是也可能不是首先对我们落井下石的人，由此可知该句应该判断为“未提及”。c1.1.4 Mans most unselfish friend who never deserts him is his dog.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第二段的最后一句话The one absolute, unselfish friend a man may have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog.可知该说法正确。a1.1.5 A dog will be true to his owner whether he is rich or poor, healthy or ill.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第三段的第一句话A mans dog stands byhim in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness.可知该说法正确。a1.1.6 A dog will protect his owner when he is asleep as if he were a beggar.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第三段的最后一句话He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince.可知该说法错误。b1.1.7 A dog will stay with his owner even if all his friends break up with him.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第四段的第一句话When all other friends desert, he remains.可知该说法正确。a1.1.8 A dog will be as constant in its love to the owner as the owners spouse（配偶）.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第四段的第二句话When riches take wings and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens.可知“当主人家财四散、名誉扫地，它对主人的忠诚热爱仍宛如日升日落，亘古不变。”但该句没有提到主人的配偶是不是也是如此，故该说法应判断为“未提及”。c1.1.9 If his owner becomes homeless and friendless, the dog will regard accompanying his owner as the highest privilege.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第四段的第三句话If fortune drives the master forth, an outcastin the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him to guard him against danger, to fight against his enemies.可知该说法正确。a1.1.10 When his owner dies, the dog will run away with his friends.a Trueb Falsec Not Given根据第四段的最后一句话And when the last scene of all comes and death takes its master in its embrace and the body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their way, there by his graveside will the noble dog be found, his head between his paws, his eyes sad but open in alert watchfulnessfaithful and true even to death.可知该说法错误。b2.阅读选择 2.1 阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。As they entered the 21st century, people could not help looking back to the past 20 years when they managed to cope with a new threat the computer. By the year of 1980, computers had become a fact of life. They were, the magazine DISCOVER noted that December, “in cars, offices, schools and homes, toys and watches. In some airplanes, pilots need not handle the controls; they areflight managers who watch the computer manage the flight and landing. On the way are voice-driven typewriters, robots that can see, and hand-held computers that can over the contents of the Library of Congress.”But at the same time, observed the writer John Leo, a large number of Americans were “computerphobes” (电脑恐惧者) and “techno-peasants”, who feared that computers were “designed to destroy privacy, eliminate jobs, carry the TV generation even further away from literacy, read few words on food boxes so that the grocer can cheat his customers more easily, and allow World War III to be launched entirely by technical error.”Some executives especially hated computers, Leo reported. They worried that they would lose status and their assistants if they were seen at keyboard. Publishers and journalists, he continued, were frightened that the printed word would be eliminated. “True, the newspaper travels wellyou can not put a computer under your arm while rushing for a train,” he wrote, “Not now, but a more advanced and complicated portable version, about the size of a hand-held electronic game, may not be far off.”Today those same executives and journalists who feared computers wouldnt be found without having their portable computers on their laps. The widespread fear of computers seems a thing of the pasta shift that Leo correctly predicted.”Every one will accept computers,” he wrote, “because there is no alternative.”2.1.1 The magazine listed the uses of computers in the following fields EXCEPT _.a educationb transportationc publicationd medicine细节判断题。文章在第一段中提到电脑在多个地方被广泛使用，其中提到了cars，schools，即transportation（交通）和education（教育），在第三段提到有些记者担心the printed word would be eliminated（纸质媒体会被取代），即提到了电脑在publication（出版）方面的使用。d2.1.2 Some executives did not like computers in that _.a they might lose their importance and respectb they had to learn how to use computersc they had to hire more assistantsd they had to buy expensive portable computers细节判断题。第三段第一句提到一些行政官员憎恨电脑是因为担心电脑会让他们lose status（失去地位），表述与A选项中的lose their importance and respect是同义替换。a2.1.3 Which of the following is NOT what the computerphobes are expecting?a More privacy.b More jobs.c More literacy.d More world wars.推理判断题。根据第二段But at the same time, observed the writer John Leo, a large number of Americans were “computerphobes” (电脑恐惧者) and “techno-peasants”, who feared that computers were “designed to destroy privacy, eliminate jobs, carry the TV generation even further away from literacy, read few words on food boxes so that the grocer can cheat his customers more easily, and allow World War III to be launched entirely by technical error.”整句话的意思是：“但是与此同时，作者John Leo也发现很多美国人都是电脑恐惧者或者对科技一窍不通的人，他们担心电脑会破坏他们的隐私，减少就业机会，让现在沉迷于电视的一代人更加丧失读写能力，连看食品包装盒上的文字都几乎看不懂，商人们更容易欺骗顾客，甚至会因为科技错误引发第三次世界大战。”可见他们希望的是更多的隐私，更多的工作以及更高的文化。d2.1.4 Today the same executives and journalists can be found to _.a dislike computersb fear using computersc use computers frequentlyd use computers rarely细节判断题。根据第四段的第一句话Today those same executives and journalists who feared computers wouldnt be found without having their portable computers on their laps.此句是一个双重否定句子，用not without强调电脑的重要性。在翻译的时候一般翻译成主动语态。整句话的意思是：“如今，人们会发现那些之前对电脑恐惧的管理人员和记者们，往往大腿上放着便携式电脑一边工作着。”作者用双重否定表示他们现在走到哪儿都离不开他们的笔记本电脑了。c2.1.5 When the author says:“there is no alternative” in the last sentence of the passage, he means that _.a computers provide no choiceb computers are to be acceptedc computers offer no help to pilotsd more complicated computers have to be made in factories单词释义题。alternative意为“选择”，前半句Every one will accept computers.表示大家都要接受电脑，后半句there is no alternative.表示大家都别无选择。b 2.2 阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(a、b、c、d)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reached those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence. 2.2.1 The writer is in favor of the view that mans intelligence is given to him_.a at birthb through educationc both at birth and through educationd more at birth than through education细节判断题。文章在第一段提到了Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reached those limits will depend on his environment一个人的智商极限在出生时已经确定，他能不能达到这种极限则取决于环境。第四段再次提到this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part。c2.2.2 If a child is born with low intelligence he can _.a never become a geniusb still become a genius if he should be given special educationc exceed his intelligence limits in rich surroundingsd not exceed his intelligence limits even in rich surroundings细节判断题。由题目中的child with low intelligence为线索在文章第一段找到这句话no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence.任何特殊教育都无法让生来智商低的孩子成为天才。a2.2.3 In the second paragraph “if we