英汉飞机结构制造词汇

飞机结构aircraft structure单翼机monoplane多翼机multiplane舰载飞机ship plane雪上飞机ski-plane水上飞机aerohydroplane; seaplane; hydroplane; hydro-airplane低翼low wing高翼high wing三角形机翼delta wing前掠的forward swept后掠的backswept后掠角sweepback; backward sweep; positive sweep大迎角high incidence机头nose机头下沉nose heavy机头罩nose fairing机身fuselage前机身fwd fuselage中前机身mid-fwd fuselage中后机身mid-aft fuselage后机身aft fuselage全机身whole fuselage机翼wing翼展span; wingspread翼展方向spanwise半翼展semispan襟翼flap前缘襟翼leading-edge flap副翼aileron后缘T.E. (trailing-edge)后缘襟翼trailing-edge flap前缘L.E.(leading-edge)缝翼slat前缘缝翼leading-edge slat襟副翼flaperon翼尖wingtip翼梢小翼winglet翼刀wing fence翼面plane翼片panel安定面stabilizer水平安定面horizontal stabilizer; tailplane平尾horizontal tail（wing）垂直安定面vertical stabilizer升降舵elevator垂尾vertical tail (wing)尾翼empennage, tail方向舵yaw rudder; rudder全动式水平尾翼all-moving horizontal tail机尾罩empennage cover 起落架landing gear主起落架main landing gear(MLG)前起落架nose landing gear (NLG)起落架舱门landing gear door起落架轮舱landing gear wheel well动力装置power plant涡轮turbine涡轮螺浆喷气发动机propjet涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turbo ramjet涡轮喷气发动机turbojet涡轮发电机turbo-generator涡扇发动机turbofan engine座椅固定卡臂seat fixing clamp arm座椅操纵开关 seat control switch座椅导向滑轮seat guide-pulley 座椅滑轨seat track短舱nacelle货舱cargo compartment座舱盖cockpit cover风挡windshield; windscreen气密舱pressurized cabin应急舱门emergency door整流罩fairing翼箱wing box壁板panel导流片Jetevator扰流片spoiler增升装置lift augmentation device操纵面control surface作动筒ram; actuating cylinder作动筒支臂jack lever防冰系统de-icing system/Antiicing system补偿片tab调整片trimmer辐条spoke浮筒float; pontoon整体油箱integral fuel tank地板floor panel斜梁diagonal spar龙骨梁keel beam地板梁floor beam吊挂pylon吊挂前梁pylon front spar吊挂后梁pylon rear spar吊挂前缘整流罩pylon leading-edge fairing吊挂后缘整流罩pylon trailing-edge fairing封闭肋closing rib辅助梁auxiliary spar暗箱dark slide; dark chamber半硬壳式结构semi-monocoque structure静定结构statically determinant structure静不定结构(非静定结构)non-statically determinant structure梁spar, beam, longeron腹板web支架bracket柱column隔框bulkhead, frame框frame铰链hinge缘条（凸缘）flange, cap盖板cover plate蒙皮skin化铣蒙皮chemical-milled skin耳片lug长桁stringer桁boom; girder桁板flitch桁架truss; boom维护口盖access panel; access door加强板doubler 加强肋intercostal; stiffener接头fitting板（厚）plate薄板sheet 条带strap法兰边flange加劲件stiffener环ring箍buckle; collar; ferrule箍带；箍圈clamp; clamping ring卡箍keeper; dog; collar; clamp; clip卡盘cartridge; chuck卡抓clamping pawl挡块dog; stop block挡油板scraper plate挡油套oil sealing sleeve挡油圈oil baffle、安全阀relief valve; safety valve减轻孔lightening hole工具孔tooling hole销钉孔pin hole盲孔blind hole安装面fitting surface安装角setting angle奥氏体austenite毛坯blank铸件casting锻件forging锻工blacksmith; smith棒材bar管材tubing钣弯件former钣金件sheet metal箔材foil线材wire型材section, shape, profile角材angle帽型材hat (section)T型材T-section工字梁I beam盘型件pan机加件machined part槽型件channel挤压型材extruded section剪切角材shear angle剪切角片shear clip拉伸角材tension angle机加操作machining operation 精加工finish; finishing; smoothing; burnish; refinement粗加工roughing; rough finishing精密加工的precision-machined车工工艺turnery车刀turning tool; lathe tool; gad精车刀finishing tool粗车刀roughing tool; roughing turning tool粗车rapid rough turning; rough turning车床lathe; turning lathe; turning machine; turning mill车工lathe hand; turner车端面face turning车螺纹thread cutting; threading车平面facing; face车丝刀thread tool车外圆Surface turning车削turning车削面turning surface车锥度taper turning钳clip; tongs; holdfast; clamp; clipper钳工bench hand; bench work钳工车间locksmiths department铣mill铣工miller hand; miller铣床milling machine; mill; miller龙门铣床gantry milling machine; planer type milling machine立式铣床vertical milling machine立式钻床upright drilling machine铣键槽keyseat铣平面face milling铣切深度milling depth 刨shave; plane刨床planer牛头刨shaper立式牛头刨vertical shaper龙头刨double housing planer龙门剪床square shears刨式铣床planer type miller刨刀planer tool刨削plane; planing; gouging磨；磨削grinding磨工车间grindery磨床grinder; grinding machine磨工grinder磨工夹具grinding attachment磨光abrade; tumbling; grind; grinding; polish; shine镗（孔）bore; boring镗床borer; boring machine精镗precision boring镗刀boring cutter铰孔ream; reaming铰刀reamer滚刀 hob; hobbing滚齿机hobbing machine滚花 knurling滚丝机thread rolling machine滚轮 roller; rolling wheel滚筒drum; pulley; reel; roll; roller滚铣hob滚铣法（齿轮的）generating滚压rolling pressing滚圆rolling circle滚轧roll退刀纹ran-out锻forge; hammering精锻件precision forging自由锻件hand forging模锻件molded forging坯锻billet铆接riveting焊接welding胶接adhesive bonding螺接bolting拼接splice, splicing对接butt splice搭接overlap splice锪平spotfacing埋头窝countersink钻孔drilling铰孔reaming填角fillet倒角chamfer镗孔boring扩孔counter boring补钻孔counter drilling螺栓头bolt head铆钉头rivet head镦头upset head螺纹thread外螺纹external thread公制metric system公制螺纹metric thread公制锥度；公制退拔metric taper最小壁厚minimum wall thickness加强槽beads内圆角半径fillet radii弯曲半径bending radii 弯曲线bending line弯曲角bending angle下陷joggle滚制波纹beading成形forming锉/锉刀file大螺帽扳手dwang方头扳手square spanner活动扳手adjustable spanner 活口扳手 shifting spanner开口扳手open end spanner开锁扳手 unlocking spanner套筒扳手 box spanner; socket spanner刮刀adz; knife; scraper; scraping cutter; slicker刮孔口刀spot faceplate厚薄规feeler弧形尺circular scale虎钳jaw; pliers; vice（vise）尖头钳pointed pliers卡钳calipers开口钳open mouth tongs卡规templet卡尺 calipers; sliding caliper; caliper rule划窝钻counter sink drill环孔钻 annular auger定心钻spotter麻花钻头twist drill拉伸tension拉伸应力tensile stress压缩compression压缩应力compression stress剪切shear剪切应力shear stress弯曲bending弯矩bending moment扭转torsion扭矩torque纵向的longitudinal横向的transverse, lateral铆钉rivet抽芯铆钉cherry rivet无头铆钉slug实心铆钉solid rivet销pin开口销cotter pin关节销clevis pin关节销钉knee pin安装销sheer pin; installation pin，locating pin方销square cotter搭接线jumper搭铁线Ground connection环槽钉lock bolt螺栓bolt锥形螺栓taper-lok, tapered bolt高锁螺栓Hi-Lock钉套collar拉紧螺栓fastening bolt带孔螺栓eye bolt垫圈washer衬套bushing环形垫圈cupwasher垫片filler, spacer薄垫片shim盖筒cup螺钉screw定位螺钉fixing screw封口螺钉cap screw定位销钉tommy; dowel 螺桩stud道钉spike螺帽；螺母nut盖螺帽cap nut托板螺母nut plate带条螺母nut channel桶形螺母barrel nut环形螺帽ring nut后挡螺盖end plate后挡螺盖锁扣end plate latch后挡螺盖止动器end plate stop后挡螺盖止动缺口brake notch of end plate后顶针座tailstock后盖rear end cover齿轮gear后齿轮rear gear; backgear轴承bearing滚动轴承rolling bearing滚珠轴承ball bearing滚针needle滚针轴承needle bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing径向止推滚珠轴承radial thrust-ball bearing空气轴承compressed-air bearing滚珠槽ball slot滚柱roller滚柱轴承roller bearing键dowel; jaw 花键spline滑键feather簧杆spring bar簧片anchor螺纹抽钉rivnut, blind nut带套环的螺纹抽钉flushlok bolt盲紧固件blind fastener金属metal金属的metallic非金属nonmetal非金属的nonmetallic合金alloy高温合金superalloy镁合金magnesium alloy铝合金aluminum alloy钛合金titanium alloy合金钢alloy steel碳钢carbon steel结构钢structural steel不锈钢stainless steel沉淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless steel超高强度钢super-high-strength steel耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel复合材料composite (material)先进复合材料advanced composite蜂窝honeycomb蜂窝夹芯honeycomb andwich蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure包铝层Al clad包铝薄板 Al clad sheet热处理heat treatment退火anneal退火处理annealing淬火quench/harden; temper淬火处理quenching分级淬火step quench; stepped quenching淬冷quenched正火normalizing回火temper回火处理tempering奥氏回火Austempering时效aging人工时效artificial aging自然时效natural aging渗氮azotize; nitriding脱氮denitrogenation渗碳carburete; carburetion; cementation; carburizing; carburization过烧over-burning氢脆hydrogen attack; hydrogen embrittlementt表面光饰surface finish抛光polish表面光洁度finish表面粗糙度 surface roughness表面处理surface treatment涂层coating喷丸shot peen; shot blas镀铬chromium plate化学铣切chemical milling阳极氧化anodize铬酸阳极氧化chromic acid anodize硬质阳极氧化hard anodize 硫酸阳极氧化sulfuric acid anodize 阳极氧化处理anodize treatment, anodizing化学工艺和表面处理chemical processes & finishes检测inspection无损探伤non-destructive inspectionX射线检验inspection by x-ray; radioscopy超声波探伤ultrasonic inspection磁力探伤magnetic inspection着色检查penetrant inspection公差tolerance偏差deviation线性公差linear tolerance角度公差angular tolerance配合公差tolerance to fit配合fit干涉配合interference fit间隙配合clearance fit松配合loose fit紧配合tight fit径向跳动量（整流子）radial beats基准线datum line, reference line机身基准平面fuselage reference plane机身对称中心线fuselage symmetrical center line站线station line站位station竖线buttock line水线water line斜角bevel硬度hardness韧性toughness断裂韧性fracture toughness磨损abrasion疲劳fatigue挤压强度bearing strength抗剪强度shearing strength; resistance to shearing抗拉强度resistance to tension; tensile strength抗压强度compressive strength; resistance to compression抗弯强度resistance to bending抗疲劳强度 fatigue resistance声疲劳acoustic fatigue标准工艺装备master tools工装协调tool coordination模线lofting样板template型架jig 协调coordination互换性Interchangeability; duplicity靠模template; explorator; profile二维图样2D drawing三维数模3D mathematical model数学模型mathematical model数字化样机digital mockup（DMU）数字化预装配digital pre-assembly(DPA)风洞channel风洞【空】tunnel风洞试验wind tunnel test; blasting风洞试验室tunnel laboratory升力系数lift coefficient失速stall; stalling动平衡dynamic equilibrium包络线envelope试飞test flight; test hop安全系数factor of safety海拔高度sea level elevation额定升限rated ceiling理论升限absolute ceiling; theoretical ceiling实际升限operating ceiling; service ceiling额定工作状态rated operation额定状态rated state加力状态after burning rating抖振buffet; buffeting飞行特技aerobatics; aerobation还原动作homing action巡航速度cruising speed分速度component of velocity分频器frequency divider干扰箔条chaff表面放电surface discharge电致伸缩（反压电效应）Electrostriction压电效应piezoelectricity光电效应photoeffect工时Manhour斜梁diagonal spar龙骨梁keel beam地板梁floor beam座椅滑轨seat track吊挂前梁pylon front spar吊挂后梁pylon rear spar封闭肋closing rib辅助梁auxiliary spar吊挂前缘整流罩pylon leading-edge fairing吊挂后缘整流罩pylon trailing-edge fairing半硬壳式结构semi-monocoque structure静定结构statically determinant structure静不定结构(非静定结构)non-statically determinant structure梁spar, beam, longeron腹板web框frame支架bracket铰链hinge缘条（凸缘）flange, cap盖板cover蒙皮skin化铣蒙皮chemical-milled skin耳片lug长桁stringer维护口盖access panel, access door加强板doubler加强肋intercostals隔框bulkhead, frame型架jig（厚）板plate薄板sheet 条带strap法兰边flange接头fitting柱column加劲件stiffener环ring减轻孔lightening hole工具孔tooling hole销钉孔pin hole盲孔blind hole毛坯blank铸件casting锻件forging棒材bar管材tubing钣弯件former钣金件sheet metal箔材foil线材wire型材section, shape, profile角材angle帽型材hat (section)T型材T-section工字梁I beam盘型件pan机加件machined part槽型件channel挤压型材extruded section剪切角材shear angle剪切角片shear clip拉伸角材tension angle机加操作machining operation铆接riveting焊接welding胶接adhesive bonding螺接bolting拼接splice, splicing对接butt splice搭接overlap splice拉伸tension拉伸应力tensile stress压缩compression压缩应力compression stress剪切shear剪切应力shear stress弯曲bending弯矩bending moment扭转torsion扭矩torque纵向的longitudinal横向的transverse, lateral螺栓bolt锥形螺栓taper-lok, tapered bolt高锁螺栓Hi-Lok螺桩stud螺钉screw钉套collar轴承bearing衬套bushing垫圈washer垫片filler, spacer薄垫片shim螺纹抽钉rivnut, blind nut销pin开口销cotter pin铆钉rivet抽芯铆钉cherry rivet无头铆钉slug实心铆钉solid rivet环槽钉lock bolt托板螺母nut plate盲紧固件blind fastener带套环的螺纹抽钉flushlok bolt复合材料composite (material)先进复合材料advanced composite蜂窝honeycomb蜂窝夹芯honeycomb sandwich蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure包铝层alclad包铝薄板alclad sheet合金alloy合金钢alloy steel碳钢carbon steel结构钢structural steel超高强度钢super-high-strength steel耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel不锈钢stainless steel沉淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless steel高温合金superalloys镁合金magnesium alloy铝合金aluminum alloy钛合金titanium alloy金属metal金属的metallic非金属nonmetal非金属的nonmetallic热处理heat treatment表面处理surface treatment表面光饰surface finish镀铬chromium plate退火anneal退火处理annealing淬火quench淬火处理quenching回火temper回火处理tempering阳极氧化anodize铬酸阳极氧化c