口译实践课英汉互译.doc

1 朋友们，欢迎大家来到北京，从今天开始由我担任大家的陪同，我将尽力使朋友们在北京过得愉快。我想朋友们都知道，北京是座有三千年历史的古城。早在公元前11世纪，北京就是燕国的国都，因此北京有“燕京”之称。在以后的几千年里，北京由成为金、元、明、清各朝的国都。北京是中国的六大古都之一，其他五个是西安、南京、洛阳、开封和杭州。这些城市中的有几个大家这次也要去。北京市总面积16 800平方公里，人口1千多万。城区在解放时是190平方公里，今天已经扩大到750平方公里。北京是座古老又年轻的城市，有许多名胜古迹。从故宫、天坛和颐和园，你们可以看到北京保留了许多昔日的风采。北京也有许多新建筑，包括很多摩天大厦和立体交叉桥，这些又使北京具有现代化都市的风貌。 Friends, welcome to Beijing! From today on Ill act as your guide, and Ill do my best to make your stay a pleasant one. I believe you all know that Beijing is an ancient city with a history of 3,000 years. As early as the 11th century B.C., it was the capital of the Kingdom of Yan; thats why Beijing is also known as “Yanjing”. In the few thousand years afterwards, Beijing again served as the capital for Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Beijing is one of Chinas six ancient capitals; the other five are Xian, Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng, and Hangzhou. You will be visiting some of these cities during your stay in China. With an area of 16,800 sq. km, it has a population of over ten million. today the city proper of Beijing has expanded to 750 sq. km from 190 sq. km When PRC was founded in 1949. Beijing is a city both old and young, with many places of historic interest and scenic beauty. From the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and Summer Palace, you can see Beijings glorious past. But there are also lots of new constructions in Beijing, including many skyscrapers, cloverleaf intersections and flyovers. These are given Beijing the look of a modern metropolis. Well, I do have an opening statement. But first let me thank you for this unique opportunity. Its a great honor for me to be the first American president to speak to the Chinese people during a live broadcast. And I feel as if I were talking to old friends, who, while out of sight, have never, never been out of heart and mind. Fourteen years ago, Barbara and I came to your beautiful land when I was, as you said, Chief of the United States Liaison Office. And for us, returning to Beijing is a homecoming. Our work here was a source of great personal satisfaction, a happy challenging time in our lives. And we actually went to the church here, and indeed our daughter was baptized in our faith here. And we rode bicycles down the hutongs of Beijing, and came to have a general feeling of affection for the Chinese people. 我是有一个开场白。但首先请允许我感谢你们给了我这次独特的机会。作为第一个能通过现场直播向中国人民发表讲话的美国总统，我感到万分荣幸。我觉得自己就像是和老朋友说话。虽然看不见他们，但我却一直记挂着他们。14年前，我和芭芭拉来到你们美丽的国家的时候，我还是你们所说的美国联络处主任。对我们来说，重返北京就是重返家乡。我们在这里的工作给了我们个人极大的满足，也是我们一生中一段愉快而有挑战性的时光。我们去过北京的教堂，我们的女儿就是在这里按照我们的信仰接受了洗礼。我们骑自行车穿过北京的胡同，并对中国人民有了友好的感情。 1 虽然中国有多少地方菜系并无定论，但有关人士指出，中国主要有四大菜系，即鲁菜、川菜、粤菜和扬州菜。鲁菜味咸，但汁色较浅；川菜味重，并以麻辣著称；粤菜重清炒、浅煮，而且选料不限；扬州菜注重选料的原味，融合了南北精华，有人用八个字来总结中国的菜系特色：南浅、北咸、东甜、西辣。 1 Although there is no agreement on the precise number of the regional cuisines in China, those concerned with such matters believe that there are four major cuisines, namely Shangdong Cuisine, Sichuang Cuisine, Cantonese Cuisine and Yangzhou Cuisine. Shangdong Cuisine is generally salty, with light color sauces. Sichuang Cuisine is noted for being spicy hot, with a strong flavor. Cantonese Cuisine emphasizes on light fry and boiling. Its ingredients are also not restricted. Yangzhou Cuisine pays more attention to the original flavor of the well-chosen ingredients and it combined the best elements of northern and southern cooking. Someone just summarizes the characteristics of Chinese regional cuisines, that is, the light southern cuisine, the salty northern cuisine, the sweet eastern cuisine and the spicy western cuisine. 2 由于我们有着与中国人不同的文化传统，所以与大部分中国人相比，我们比较直率。中国人经常认为我们的经营方式咄咄逼人，而我们却认为他们的决策过程过于冗长。我不能说我们的经营之道一定比中国同事优越，毕竟这两种方式各有优点和弊端。必须指出，近年来越来越多的美国经理人员开始认识到中国人具有的富有人情味的东方管理方法的优点，这正是我们欠缺的。 2 We are more direct and straightforward than most Chinese colleagues due to our different cultural traditions. Often times they consider our way of business practice rather aggressive and we consider their process of decision-making time-consuming. I cant say our way of doing business is absolutely superior. After all, there are merits and demerits inherent in both types of management. It must be pointed out that in recent years, more and more American business executives have recognized the merits of the more humane Oriental way of Chinese management. It seems to offer something that we are lacking in. 3 京剧是我国最高雅、表现力最强，因而也是最受欢迎的剧种。京剧还赢得了很多外国戏迷的青睐，被看做是东方艺术的杰出代表。京剧同西方歌剧的相似之处在于它们都有唱段和道白，有悲剧，也有喜剧。但它们毕竟是很不一样的戏剧。西方歌剧的表现手法一般比较现实主义，而京剧则大量采用象征手法，对时空变化的表现极其自由。 3 Peking Opera is widely recognized as the most exquisite, most expressive and therefore, most popular opera in China. Peking Opera has also won a lot of overseas fans and is regarded as a defining representative of the oriental art. Peking Opera is similar to Western opera in that both have arias and dialogues, and both have tragedies and comedies, etc. But they are, after all, very different. While Western operas are generally realistic, Peking opera is highly symbolic and extremely free to express the changes in time and space. 1 The way of giving gifts varies according to different cultures. For example, giving gifts is not a normal part of British business culture. At the conclusion of a business deal, it is normally considered as appropriate to give a unique commemorative item to mark the occasion. 1不同的文化有不同的送礼方式。例如，在英国的商业文化中，赠送礼物并不常见。当一笔生意谈妥时，赠送一份独特的纪念品来纪念这一时刻通常被认为是一种合乎时宜的行为。 2 Business gifts are never exchanged at Christmas but it may be appropriate to send a card, particularly as an expression of thanks to your business partners and also as a means of maintaining valuable contacts. If you are invited to a British home, it is a standard practice to bring wine, flowers, or chocolates for you