高考英语专项复习1---短文改错.pptx

20182018届届高考英语高考英语专题复习专题复习 短文改错短文改错 成县陕西师范大学成州中学 高三英语组 命题特点命题特点命题特点命题特点 短文改错短文长度在110词左右,体 裁为记叙文,题材为考生熟知的内容。 设题的形式通常是多词和缺词各1题, 错词8题。设题以句为单位,每句最多 两处错误。 设错方式 1. 缺词补漏（1 ） I like playing piano. the 2. 多词删除（1 ） Im more taller than him. 3. 错词更正（8 ） I am fond at English. of 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记 分。 四不改 短文改错的失分原因 1.基础知识不够扎实全面、语法功底不够 深厚，对英汉两种语言表达上的差异不甚 清楚，使用时频频出现“中式英语”。 2、对高考短文改错题的命题方向缺乏了 解，因而答题时缺乏经验，思考的针对 性、方向性很差。 积累 技巧 失分原因 错误设置及考点分布 两大类型： 逻辑错误 语法错误 词法错误 句法错误 2014-2017全国卷短文改错知识点分布 2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷2017二卷 名词yearshoursairparentshonestyknowledg e yearsinformations 改为原形 形容词tasty wonderful much helpful serious many worst free interesting/int erested 副词beforethere去very terribly steadilysoearlier改为 early 时态语态 主谓一致 havedont looks/sit thought find/been began told have used choose think toldcame改为 comes 非谓语lookingtakingwearingpick前加to 代词everywhe re many our加hishiswhat/ our/much myself 加I all改为both 冠词加a去the加thethea加the去thea改为an或者 one 介词offor/加towithin加offor去掉for 连词but去掉andbut去掉 and andbeside改为 besides 从句that宾语where宾 语 that改为 which 特殊句式should虚 拟 解题技巧 错词 词法方面:动词的时态、语态错误、形容词或副词的误用、名词 的单复数错误、代词误用、介词误用、连词误用、非谓语动词 形式错误等; 句法方面:名词性从句连接词、定语从句关系词和主谓一致等。 多词或缺词主要考查冠词、介词或代词、不定式符号to 。 1.不定冠词a和an互改 2.不定冠词 a或an和定冠词the互改 3.根据需要增删冠词(注意惯用法) 一一. .冠词常见错误：冠词常见错误： 高考真题 1.Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. 2.A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop. 3. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play . 4. If youd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. the the a 5.My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time. 6.But in that case, we will learn little about world. 7. At the first,I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. 8. As result, the plants are growing everywhere. 9. That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity! a the a an 1.冠词的基本用法。 2.固定搭配。 解决方案：解决方案： 二二. .名词常见错误：名词常见错误： 1.单复数用错。 2.可数与不可数名词的混用。 3.动词、形容词转化为名词时的错误。 高考真题 1.One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. 2.The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . 3. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. 4. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges. 5. I stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all hope you understand. parents years air knowledge hours 6. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. 7.Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit . 8. Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 9. Id like to stay there for half a month, visiting place of interest and practicing my English 10. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest . minutes books friends places honesty 解决方案：解决方案： 1.弄清可数与不可数名词。 2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的用法 。 1.介词的多余或缺失 2. 错用。 三三. .介词常见错误：介词常见错误： 解决方案： 1.常用介词的基本用法 2.常用介词的固定搭配。 高考真题 1.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time. 2.Now Iam leaving home to college. 3.Unluckily,on the development of industrialization, th e environment has been polluted . 4. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. 5. With the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes . 6.Therefore, we have more time with afterschool activities of for with in of for 7.We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening music . 8.He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that tur ned from black toward gray over the years. 9.The book Im reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. 10.Interestingly,it had a connection by the British porcelain industry. 11.In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year to into/to with/to 1.人称代词、物主代词的前后一致性、单复数的一致 性。2.人称代词主格和宾格的变化。 3.代词的误用与漏用。 4.不定代词错用。 5.作形式主语与形式宾语作形式主语与形式宾语itit的遗漏或误用。的遗漏或误用。 四四. .代词常见错误：代词常见错误： 高考真题 1.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view . 2.I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help . 3. I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. 4. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. 5. Five minutes later.Tony saw parents our I myself what his 6.We must find ways to protect your environment. 7. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere. 8. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. 9.He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town 10. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 11.When he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in her hand . our everywhere many him much his 五五. .形容词和副词常见错误：形容词和副词常见错误： 1.形容词与副词的混用。 2.形容词与副词比较等级混用。 3.同义或近义或反义形容词与副词之间的混用。 解决方案：解决方案： 1.在句中作定语、表语、补语用形容词。在句中作状语 ，修饰形容词、副词、动词和全句用副词。 2.注意比较级或最高级的比较对象和范围。特别注意提 示词most, than, as以及其他加强比较等级程度的修饰 语。单音节形容词和副词比较级前不可再加more。 3.注意many,much,a few,a little,very,so,too, Ever,never,hard,hardly,ago,before等词的区别。 4.-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别。 5.注意并列现象。 6.熟记固定搭配sothat,tooto,asas等 高考真题 1.Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 2.However,my parents didnt seem to think such. 3.Much rare animals are dying out. 4. Global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 5.Dad and I were terrible worried. 6. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. so many steadily serious terribly 7.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. 8.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!. 9.We didnt need to do so many homework 10.The teachers here are kind and helpfully. 11. They were also the best and worse years in my life . 12. I hoped I could be freely from them. 13. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. free wonderful tasty There much helpful worst 六六. .连词常见错误：连词常见错误： 上下文之间的逻辑关系，主要是but与 so/and与or之间的误用. 高考真题 1.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. 2. He makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking. 3. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. 4. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. 5.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. and and and 七七. .动词常见错误动词常见错误 1.时态错误,时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据 注意：通常是一般现在时改为一般过去时;或者一般过去时改为 一般现在时 2. 主谓不一致,如主语为单数，谓语动词未用单数, 或主语为 复数,谓语动词却用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响 3. 语态错用,以及不能用被动语态的词和短语， 比如：happen, take place, belong to, come true 高考真题 1. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking. 2.Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to success is honesty. 3. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. 4. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost much. 5. However, my parents didnt seem to think so . They always tell me what to do. told have used choose think 6. I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. 7.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has become a very serious problem. 8. We must found ways to protect your environment. 9. Tony was scared and begun to cry. 10. We didnt need to do so much homework. Therefore, we have more time for afterschool activities. 11. My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers. dont thought find began looks 解决方案 1 通读全文，搞清文中动词主体时 态. 2 结合语境，灵活运用时态形式 . 3 认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动 . 4.非谓语动词的错用： l主要是doing与done之间的误用, l动词不定式符号to的添加, l动词原形变成doing的形式等 land连接的to do或doing前后一致问 题;. 高考真题 1.We can choose between staying at home and take a trip. 2.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. 3.After looks at the toy for some time , he turned around and found that his parents were missing. 4. He would ask who we were and pretend