初中英语词组解析.doc

句型(一)such+名词性词组+thatSo+形容词/副词+that如此致使例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好教师，本人们都爱她。(2)It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样去漫步。留意点：1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，能够改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)能够改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that构造中，形容词假如是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.房间里人太多，本人进不去。(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。句型(二) （就近分歧）There be，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和本人都没有去过长城。(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海，要么本人去上海。(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.Jack和Tim是英国人。留意点：当这几个句型衔接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要思索“就近准绳”，比照bothand 来记忆，bothand衔接主语时视为复数。句型(三)Enough+名词+to do有足够的做某事形容词/副词+enough+to do 足够做某事例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的中央容下这些人开会。(2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够大，能搬动这只箱子。留意点：enough做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子能够用sothat句型改写。例句(2)能够改写为：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气很大，能搬动这只箱子。句型(四) too . to .too+形容词/副词+to do太致使不能例如：(1)I was too excited to say a word.本人冲动得一个字也说不出来。(2)Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果。留意点：这是一个否认句型，不能在不定式前加 not，能够用sothat构造改写，例如例句(1)能够改写成：I was so excited that I couldnt say a word.句型(五)So that 以便/ 致使例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能经过考试。(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班车。留意点：在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中，是引导结果状语。普通来讲，从句中含有神态动词的，为目的状语。无神态动词的，为结果状语。句型(六)祈使句+then/or/and+陈说句例如：(1)Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作，你就会过上幸福生活。(2)Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 快点，否则本人们上学就迟到了。留意点：以上句型都能够用条件状语从句来改写。例句(2)能够改写成：If we dont hurry up,well be late for school.句型(七)(1)Its time for sth.是干某事的时间了。Its time (for sb) to do sth.该干某事了。Its time that sb did sth.该干某事了。例如：(1) Its time for the meeting.该开会了。(2)Its time for us to go to school.本人们该上学了。(3)Its high time that you went to bed.你该上床休息了。留意点：在句型(3)中，能够在time前加rush、 high等修饰词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点”的含义。而(2)则是“正是干某事的时分”。句型(八) 破费”(1)It takes sb. Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间(2)sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事(3)sb. spend some money on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花钱在某物上/花钱干某事(4)sth. cost sb. Some money某事花某人一些钱(5) sb. pay some money for sth.某人为某事(物)付钱例如：(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了本人两小时的时间。(2)He spends half an hour (in) reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。(3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务。(4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了本人298元。(5)I spent 298 yuan on the bike.本人买这辆自行车花了298 元。(6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.本人花了298元买这辆自行车。留意点：cost主语普通为物；spend、pay主语普通为人。例(1)中it 用做方式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。句型(九) 提倡议(1)Why not do?为什么不干某事？(2)Lets do 让本人们干某事吧。(3)Shall we do ?本人们干某事好吗？(4)Would you like something/to do sth.?你想要什么吗？你想要干吗？(5)Will you please do ?请你干某事好吗？(6)What (How) about doing?干某事怎样样？例如：(1)Why not go and ask our teacher?Good idea!Lets go.为什么不去问问教师？好主见！走吧！(2)Shall we go out for a walk?No, lets go to the zoo.本人们去漫步怎样样？不，本人们去动物园吧。(3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给本人拿些粉笔，好吗？(4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱首英语歌曲怎样样？好极了！留意点：这些句型都是表示“倡议”的句子，可视为同义句。句型(十)(1)Lets go out for a walk,shall we?让本人们进来漫步，好吗？(2)Read the book carefully,will you?认真读书，好吗？留意点：在这两个句型中，(2)所代表的祈使句，普通用will you构成反意疑问句。在(1)中Lets表示包括“本人”在内，用shall we，但若是let us，表示不包括“本人”在内，则用will you。例如：Let us go out for a walk,will you?你让本人们进来散漫步，好吗？句型(十一) 倒装句So+be/助动词/神态动词+主语也Neither/Nor+be/助动词/神态动词+主语也不例如：(1)He can sing a lot of English songs,so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是。(2)She speaks English very well,so do I.她英语说得好，本人也是。(3)Li Lei hasnt read this book,neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过。留意点：这两个句型都表示和前面所陈说的内容相同，用倒装句。要留意和 “so+主语+be/助动词/神态动词的确是”相区别，试比照一下例(2)：A：She speaks English very well.她英语说得很好。B：so she does.的确是这样。句型(十二) 否认的转移I dont think his answer is right.本人以为他的答案不对。例如：(1)I cant believe she is right.本人置信她是不对的。(2)You dont think they will come tomorrow, do you?你以为他们明天不会来，是吗？留意点：Think、believe、suppose 等接宾语从句时，表示否认时否认主句。变为反意疑问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语坚持分歧， 若主句主语是其别人称，与主句主谓语坚持分歧。例(1)变为反意疑问句应为：I cant believe she is right,is she?（在某些状况下，这种否认也可能不转移，如有兴味，可上网查找“否认不转移”初中英语重要句型(25组）1.There be构造 a.这是英语中常见的一种构造，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。 eg.There are twenty girls in our class.have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“一切，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch. b.There be构造中的be动词要和后面所跟名词坚持分歧。 c.there be 构造的否认和疑问构成方式：2.There is a river near our school.否：There is not a river near our school.问：Is there a river near our school.答复：Yes, there is. No, there isnt.划How many rivers are there near our school?Whats near our school?d.there be构造的普通未来时，同窗们较难控制，其正确方式为：there is going to be e.反意疑问句的构成：There is no water in the glass, is there?There is going to _ a football match this afternoon.A.have B.watch C.be D.playThey were sure that they were going to _ a rest.A.be B.have C.be on D.on 2.so,neither引导的倒装句a.So+be(助动词，神态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps. So has Bob.=Bob has bought some,too.b.Neither+be(助动词，神态动词)主语，表示某人也不。eg.Mother has never been to Japan. Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan, either. c.So主语be(助动词，神态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同),请与a.区别。eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom. B:So he is.=He is really in the class room. 3.Its+时间+since动词过去式。自从.起已有.时间了。Its two weeks since we met last.(自从本人们上次见面已有两个星期了)How long is it since we left Beijing?(自从本人们分开北京已有多久了 4.祈使句+and (那么).eg.Go straight on and youll see a school. =If you go straight on, youll see a school. 5.祈使句+or.否则.eg.Work hard, or you will fall behind the other students. =If you dont work hard, youll fall behind the other. 6. The+比拟级.，the+比拟级.越.越. The more, the better.越多越好。The harder you work on it, the better youll be at it.(你越用功，你就越好。) 7.How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film? (你以为这部电影怎样？) 8.What.do with.?怎样对付.?怎样处置.?固然中文为怎样，本人们绝不可照字面翻译为how.eg.A:What have you done with the library book? B:Ive just returned it to the library. 9.I dont know what to do.本人不晓得该怎样办？I dont know how to do. 10.What.be like?.是什么样的？Whats the weather like?天气如何？Whats your school like?你们学校是什么样的？ 11.What.for?为何目的？为什么？eg.What do you want a science lab for?=Why do you want a science lab? 12.one of +最高级复数 最.之一eg.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers. 13.findfeelthink it +形容词+to do eg.I find it useful to learn English well. (本人觉察学好英语是很有用的) find +宾语 +名词 eg.I find him a good boy. (本人发现他是个好男孩.)find +宾语 +形容词 eg.I find the door open/closed. (本人发现门开/关着)I find our bags filled with/full of presents. (本人发现本人们的包装满了礼物) 14.I dont think+肯定句 本人想.不eg.I dont think Ill take it. (本人想本人不买它了)请留意:中文意义否认在从句中,但是英语的表达否认在主句中。 15.prefer A to B=like A better than B更喜欢A不怎样喜欢B.eg. I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken prefer to do rather than dowould rather do than do= would do rather than do16.had better do sth.最好干某事.否认:had better not do sth.特别留意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.eg.Youd better catch a train.Youd better not talk in class.Youd better not be late for the class. 17.It is good (nice) of+宾格+to do sth.It is easy (important) for+宾格+to do sth.eg.It is very good of you to teach me English. (你教本人英语真是太好了) 18.It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人几时间)=sb.spend some time on sth. (in) doing sth. eg.It took me half an hour to do the work. =I spent half anhourin doing the work. 19.sb.pay钱 for物 某物化费了某人几钱 =sb.spend钱 on物 =物 cost sb.钱 pay的过去式为paid而不是payed.eg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat. =I spent thirty yuan on the coat. =The coat cost me thirty yuan. 20.have been to某人曾去过某地,如今人不在那儿 sb.have been in+地点 某人呆在某地(一段时间)have gone to某人已去某地,人不在这儿 21.too形容词(副词)+to太而不能 太致使于不eg.The basket is too heavy for me to carry.这篮子太重本人拿不动。 This colour TV is too expensive for us to buy.这台彩电对本人们来说太贵了，买不起。so.that如此.致使于.上面的too.to构造的句子，能够换成so.that引导的句子转换。The basket is so heavy that I cant carry it.This colour TV is so expensive that we cant afford it. 22.Whats the population of .? .人口有几？不说How much population in.?形容人口数量的大用largeeg.The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA 23.Ive come to return your pan. (本人跑来是还你锅的) Why have you come?而不用What 24.not.until (连词)直到-才eg.He says that he wont be free until tomorrow.他说他需到明天刚才有空。肯定句until到eg.Youd better wait until tomorrow. (你最好等到明天) 25.neither.nor.既不.也不.either.or.或者.或者.Not only-but also不只-而且eg.Neither Tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word hundred.Either you or she is right. (谓语动词就近准绳) both.and.两者都.eg.Both Jim and I are in Grade One (主语看作复数) 练习题： 1.-Where is Mary? -Oh, she _ the library. A.has gone to B.went to C.has been to D.had gone to 2.He knew little about the film _ he saw it yesterday evening. A.if B.since C.until D.because 3.I_ change his mind. Dont worry, Hell surely come to get it. A.think he wont B.think he will C.dont think he wont D.dont think he will4.- _do you_ the TV play? - Not bad, I think. A.How;think of B.What;like C.How;like D.What;think5. I _ have a good time _ the party. A.hope you will;at B.like you; on C.hope you to ;in D.want you that; from 完成句子： 1. 中国有几人口，中国的人口大约是世界人口的四分之一。 _ the population of China? Its about _ _ of the worlds population. 2.门铃不断响着，直到门被林涛翻开才停。 The doorbell _ _until the door was opened by Lin Tao. 3.午饭后他休息了一会儿，本人也休息了一会儿。 He had a short rest after lunch, and _ _ I. 4.史密斯夫妇分开他们的家乡已有十多年时间了。 _ more than ten years _ Mr and Mrs Smith left their home town. 5.公共汽车里挤得简直连站的中央都没有. The bus was_ crowded that there was hardly _ standing room in it. 考虑题： 1、做饭花了她半个小时。 It _ _ half an hour _ _ some cooking.=I _ half an hour _ some cooking. 2、你真好，经常在数学上协助本人。 Its really nice _ you to _ me _ my _. 3、Lily跑得不快，赢不了竞赛。 Lily _ run quickly _ _ _ the race.=Lily _ _ _ _ _ the race. 4、在美术课上做一张教员节卡片怎样？ _ _ _ a Teachers Day card _ the art lesson? 5、足球是本人校最受欢送的运动项目之一。 Football is _ _ _ _ _ games in our school.英语五类重点必知句型 一、常运用动词不定式的短语1、Its time to do sth. Its time for sth 该作某事的时分了.2、cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事3、ask (tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 请求/通知某人(不)作某事4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人作某事5、be supposed to do sth. 应该作某事6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事7、have sth/nothing to do 有时要做/与无关8、find it +adj. to do sth. 觉察作某事9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿作某事,而不愿作某事 10、Its +adj. for sb. to do sth. 作某事对某人来说11、Its better /best to do sth. 最好做某事12、It takes sb. st. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间二、常用动名词的短语1、enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 2、keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事 3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 4、practice doing sth. 练习作某事 5、give up doing sth. 放弃作某事6、be good at/ do well in doing sth. 擅长作某事7、pay attention to doing sth. 留意作某事8、what about/ how about doing sth. .怎样样(好吗)?9、Thank you for doing sth. 为感激某人10、mind doing sth. 介意作某事11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 被用来作某事12、spend (in) doing sth. 花时间作某时13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于作某事 14、finish doing sth. 作完某时15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢胜过17、be/get used to doing sth. 习气作某事18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人作某事三、省略动词不定式的短语1、一看二听三使役see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/觉得/留意某人作某事make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.协助某人作某事3、had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事4、Why dont you/ not do sth.为什么不作某事5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)作某事好吗?四、 同义词比拟1、 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去作另一件事stop doing sth. 中止正在作的事eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.2、 forget / remember to do sth. 遗忘/记得要去作某事forget / remember doing sth. 遗忘记得曾经做过某事eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.I remember doing my homework3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事be used to do sth. 被用来作某事be used to doing sth. 习气于作某事eg. My father used to smoke.Wood is used to make paper.I am used to getting up early.4、So +be/助动词/神态动词 + 主语 也一样So +主语+be/助动词/ 神态动词 是呀,表示赞同他人的观念Neither + be /助动词/ 神态动词+主语 也不一样(用于否认句)eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.Its a fine day. So it is.She doesnt like eggs. Neither do I.5、tooto do sth. 太而不能so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此致使such +(a/an +adj.)+n.+ that(从句) 如此致使(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够eg. The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考学问点1、keep +adj. 坚持状态keep (sb.) doing sth. 继续做某事/使某人老是做某事eg. Everyone should keep our classroom clean.Its too late, but he still keeps working.Lily always keeps us waiting for her.2、make + n. 使某人成为make + sb. + adj. 使某人make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事eg. We made Peter our monitor.Books make us happy.He often makes me laugh.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.3、I dont think that. 本人以为不eg. I dont think you are right.4、Its /was/has been+ some time +since+普通过去时 自从以来有多久了eg. It has been two years since we met last time.6、What do you mean by/ What does . mean? 是什么意义?eg. What do you mean by “computer”?/What does “computer”mean?7、What do you think of/How do you like ? 你以为怎样样?eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film? 词组：a bit (of) 少量，一点 a great deal of 很多的；大量的a great many 许许多多；极多a place of interest 名胜a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套a variety of 品种繁多的a waste of time 糜费时间according to 依照；依据所说act as 担当；充任；扮演act out 把扮演出来；把付诸行动adapt to 顺应(新环境等)advise sb. (not) to do sth. 劝某人做某事after all 毕竟after a while 过了一会儿ahead of (在空间或时间上) 更前；更早aim (sth.) at 旨在；瞄准all by oneself 独立地，单独all of a sudden 忽然地；冷不防；不测地allow for 顾及，为做准备all the same 依然，还是all the time 不断，总是all the way 不断；一路上all the year round 一年到头agree with 同意某人意见，契合，分歧around the corner (常与 just 连用) 行将降临；在拐角处as far as I know 就本人所知as a result of 作为(的)结果as usual 像平常一样as well 也，同样地as well as 也；还；而且at all 一点也不at first sight 乍一看；初见之下at hand 近在手边；在左近at least 至少at most 至多at present 如今；目前at the mercy of 任由摆布或控制at the same time 同时at times 有时，偶然base on 以为依据be addicted to 沉溺于be amazed at 对感到诧异be angry with 对某人发脾气be aware of 晓得；认识到be busy doing 忙着做be / get engaged to sb. 与某人订婚be excited about 对感到兴奋be filled with 充溢be full of 充溢be / get lost 迷路be made up of 由组成be on good terms (with sb.) (与某人) 关系好be pleased with 对感到称心be proud of 以骄傲be satisfied with 对表示称心或满足believe in 信任；信仰；支持；同意belong to 属于；是成员benefit from 从中获益break away from 摆脱；脱离break down 毁掉；坏掉；中止bring back to life 使清醒；使生动；使生动bring in 引进；引来bring sb back 送回某人burn down (使) 烧成平地；烧毁by the time 到时分call for 请求；需求call in 召集；打电话call on 访问；号召；约请call up 召唤；使人想起；调动 (力气、人员等)；提出 (议案等)；(给) 打电话calm (sb.) down (使某人) 镇静；(使某人)宁静；(使某人) 宁静carry on 坚持下去，继续下去catch a glimpse of 瞥见catch fire 着火；开端熄灭change ones mind 改动主见cheer () up (使) 感到振奋；(使) 感到快乐cool off 变凉；冷却；冷静come about 发作come across 偶尔遇见；碰到come along 来，伴随come down 下来，落下come into being 呈现；构成；产生come on 来吧，跟着来，赶快come out 开花，发芽，呈现，出来come over 过来，顺便来访come to terms with 某心忍耐 (不高兴的处境)come to life (变得) 生动；清醒过来come true 完成come up with 找到，提出(答案方法等)communicate with sb 与交流consist of 由组成；由构成contribute to 为.作奉献 (或捐款)；有助于；向投稿cool off 变凉；冷却；冷静cut down 砍倒cut off 切掉；切断；忽然中止date back 回溯至day and night 日日夜夜地deal with 处置；布置depend on 依托；信任；取决于devote to 献身于die down 变弱；停息；消逝die of 病 (饿、冻) 死dig up 挖出；掘起do well in 在方面干得好draw ones attention (to) 吸收某人的留意dream of 幻想；梦到dress up 盛装；装扮；装饰drive off 把 (车) 开走；赶走；击退drop off 放下，下车drop sb a line 给某人写信(通常指写短信)eat up 吃光end up with 以告终enjoy oneself 过得快乐，玩得痛快even if 即便；纵然；固然even though 即便ever since 从那时起，尔后不断every now and then 不时地except for 除了以外fall asleep 入睡，睡着fall behind 落在后面fall down 倒下，跌倒fall in love with 爱上fall off 从掉下far away 悠远field trip 野外旅游fill up with 用装满find out 找出，查出for example 例如for once 就这 (那) 一次for the moment 暂时；目前free from 不爱的影响；没有的from then on 从那时起get around ( = get about) 四处走动；活动get away from 逃离get on ones feet 站立起来get back 回来，取回get down 下来，落下get married 结婚get stuck 遇到艰难；陷进去get together 相聚get off