专四常考的31个特殊句型.doc

请同学们务必背熟以下句型，熟悉语法项目是做对题目的前提！1. It is (high/about)time/Isnt it time +( 一般过去时)Its time you settled down and did your homework.2. A is to B what C is to D= as A is to B,so is C to D（比喻结构）A对B之关系犹如C对D之关系.例如： Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。 What salt is to the food, wit and humour are to conversation and literature. 隽语与幽默之于会话与文学，恰象盐之于食物一样。3. more thanProfessor Wang is more a poet than a scholar4. not so much as (注意：前后连接两个并列的成分)1)It is not so much her talents as her beauty that make the boy fall in love with her at the first sight.2)Our success was attributed not so much to your help as to our cooperation.我们的成功与其归功于您的帮忙，不如归功于我们的合作.3) She was sexually not so much chaste as prudish.她对男女关系与其说是注重贞节，毋宁说是持身谨慎。4) I lay down not so much to sleep as to think.我躺下来与其说是要睡觉，倒不如说是要思考。5) He is not so much a genius as a hard worker.他的努力胜于天份。5. not .any more than.同。一样不You cant change their nature any more than you can make leopards change their spots.6. no more than The whale is no more fish than the horses.John is no more intelligent than Tom.7. no less than （肯定两者）， 与。一样as .asA lion is no less fierce than a tiger.8. other than=except 除了。之外没有I have never been to big cities other than TielingShe can hardly be other than grateful.9. no better than=as bad as实际上和.一样He is no better than a lady-killer.He is no better than a bum. 他与无业游民没有什么两样。10. nothing but/none but=only “仅仅,只,只有才”。There is nothing permanent in the world but change.She could see nothing but his head and knees.Peter dreams of nothing but marrying Merry.He did nothing but complainHe is nothing but a snake in the grass（暗藏的敌人）.Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才不过是劳动加勤奋而已。None but me knew what happened. 只有我知道发生了什么事情。He chose none but the best. 他只选最好的。11. anything but = not at allHis first love is anything but success.他的初恋绝不成功Fanpaopao is anything but hero12. no/none other than(表示惊讶，正是。)The man in disguise is none other than prince CharlesThis is no other than the book we want to buy. 这正是我们要买的那本书。She is none other than my teacher. 她正是我的老师。The letter was written by none other than Mary. 写这封信的正是玛莉。13. no other than除了。之外没有The beaten enemy had no other choice than surrender14. rather than （表示否定概念)but not /insteadRather than cause trouble, he left.I would rather play tennis than swimHe lay rather than sat on the chairThis text is rather to be deleted than rewitten.补充：rather than表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： (1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 注意：rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 15. Id rather从句（that省略）Id rather you kept your parents in the dark about the secretId rather that I hadnt seen you yesterday.补充：would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿,还是 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。例 John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来) Wed rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。 请注意 1） 如果谈到过去的动作，也就是表示过去已经发生的事情，主句一般为I had rather ,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。 例 Would rather you had not done that. 我真希望你没有做那件事。 2）如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。 例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。16. be he rich or poorBe John rich or poor, Merry is determined to marry hie. Be Tom clever or stupid, his parents cherish him as the apple of their eye. Be it humble or noble, nome is the best.17. sth of a/an much of a /an+ 某种职业That child has a sharp ear for music.He is something of a musician(否定句和疑问句sth改为anythng) Is he anything of a poet? 他有一点点诗人的样子吗？He is endowed with much of a speaker.18. can nevertoo意为“越越，非常，无论怎样也不过分”You cant too careful when dealing with ladies.A man cant have too many ties注意：在此结构中，cannot 也可改用can hardly，scarcely，never，impossible；too也可改用over，enough等。We can hardly praise him too much.对他我们无论怎么赞扬也不过分。A man can never have too many friends. 朋友越多越好。He cannot see you quickly enough. 他想很快见到你。19. cant but do(注意but后面加动词原形) 忍不住。He cant but agree.We couldnt but weep at the sad news.The students can no but follow the teachers instruction.20. know better than to do=be wise enough not to do sth（明白事理而不至于去做。事） You should know better than to go swimming on such a cold day.你应该知道在这么冷的天不应该去游泳The hen-packed husband knows better than to displease his wife.这个“妻管严”丈夫明智地知道不去招惹他的老婆。You should know better than to fall in love with any pretty girl you meet.比较：have no other choice than to do (除做。以外别无它法) He had no other choice than to give up.21. had it not been for=if it had not been for ,虚拟语气Had it not been for your assistance,I would have flunked the exam.But for your assistance, I would have flunked the exam.22. such as to His sense of humor is such as to make everyone in the room burst into laughter23. as such 1) 资格，身份Professor Smith is a prominent scholar, and as such he is warmly received.2) 就。本身而言in itselfMoney is no evil as such, its the way people earn and make it that matters.24. for all=in spite ofFor all his wealth,he doesnt look happy.注意：for all that +句子For all that I have a good sense of balance, I cant dance well.尽管我的平衡感很好， 可我的舞却跳的不好。25. save(介词)=exceptThere are nothing in sight save sky and sea.26. much as althoughMuch as Katherin loved Heathcliff, she married another rich man who she didnt love at all.27. there be句型的特殊用法It is no uncommon for there to be problems of communication between the old and young.I dont want there to be any more misunderstanding.28. as is the case with sb=as is known to allAs is the case with yong people, they fall in love at the first. sight.29. but=who dontThere are few but understand his new ideas.30. all but = almostThe man was but all blind.The millionairwas all but bankrupt.31. lest=for fear thatHe grasped his brothers arm lest he should be trampled by the mop. 补充：英语中有些句子形式上是否定的，但是内容含义上却是肯定的。现将这种常见的句式结构归纳如下：一、 cannot wait 后跟不定式， 意为“急于做”，表示强调的肯定例1 I couldnt wait to see her. 我渴望见到她。例2 I cannot wait to read the book. 我非常渴望读到这本书。二、否定词but1. no one（man）but 意为 “都, 没有不”。例11 There is no man but has his faults. 人皆有过。例12 No one believes but she will succeed. 人们相信他会成功。例13 There is no one but knows him. 人人都认识他。2. never (not)but (that) 意为 “每当, 总是, 没有哪次不是”。例14 I never see you but I think of my mother. 每当看见你时,我总是想起我的母亲。例15 It never rains but it pours.每次下雨都是倾盆大雨。例16 He will not be angry but that he is offended. 人们惹了他他才会生气。三、 否定词without 意为 “ 每必”例23 I never see her without thinking of my younger sister. 每次见到她，我就想起我的妹妹。例24 What appeared to me wonderful was that none of the ants came home without bringing something. 使我感到惊奇的是每只蚂蚁回来都带回一些东西。例25 There is no smoke without fire. 有烟必有火。四、 not long before 意为“不久就”例21 It was not long before he appeared. 他不久就出现了。例22 It will not be long before we finish the experiment. 我们不久就完成了实验。五、 否定词without 意为 “ 每必”例23 I never see her without thinking of my younger sister. 每次见到她，我就想起我的妹妹。例24 What appeared to me wonderful was that none of the ants came home without bringing something. 使我感到惊奇的是每只蚂蚁回来都带回一些东西。例25 There i