with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型.doc

with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型，也是高考考查的热点。1.with复合结构的构成with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。1)With+宾语+介词短语Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.2)with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.3)with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)Withwintercomingon，itstimetobuywarmclothes.4)with+宾语+todo(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)Icantgooutwithallthesedishestowash.5)with+宾语+形容词/副词WithJohnaway，wevegotmoreroom.Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.2.with复合结构的作用with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。1)We sat on the dry grass with our backstothewall.(作伴随状语)2)She could not leavewithher painful duty unfulfilled.(作原因状语)3)Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.(作方式状语)4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.(作伴随状语)5)I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.作原因状语)6)Hesatwithhisarmsclaspedaroundhisknees.(作方式状语)注：with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。1)TherewasaletterforLannywithaSwissstamponit.（作定语修饰letter）2)Itwasavaststretchofcountrywithcitiesinthedistance.(作定语修饰astretchofcountry)练习1：请选择最佳答案1)Withnothing_to burn the fire became weak and finally died out.A.leaving B.left C.leaveD.toleave2)Thegirlsattherequitesilentandstillwithhereyes_onthewall.A.fixing B.fixed C.tobefixing D.tobefixed3)Iliveinthehousewithitsdoor_tothesouth.(这里with结构作定语)A.facing B.faces C.faced D.beingfaced 4)Theypretendedtobeworkinghardallnightwiththeirlights_.A.burn B.burnt C.burning D.toburn 练习2：用with复合结构完成下列句子1)_(有很多工作要做)，Icouldntgotoseethedoctor.2)Shesat_(低着头).3)Thedaywasbright_.(微风吹拂)4)_，(心存梦想)hewenttoHollywood.练习3：把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。1)Becauseourlessonswereover，wewenttoplayfootball._.2)Thechildrencamerunningtowardsusandheldsomeflowersintheirhands._.3)Mymotherisill，soIwontbeabletogoonholiday._.4)Anexamwillbeheldtomorrow，soIcouldntgotothecinematonight._.答案及分析答案（练习1）：1)答案是B。with的宾语nothing和动词leave是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。2)答案是B。短语fixoneseyesonsth是“盯着看”的意思，所以句中hereyes和动词fix是被动关系，所以用过去分词。3)答案是A。face“朝、向”，是不及物动词，所以和itsdoor是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。4)答案是C。burn“点燃、发亮、发光”，是不及物动词，所以和theirlights是主动关系，所以用现在分词。答案(练习2)：1)Withalotofworktodo2)withherheadbent3)withafreshbreezeblowing4)Withadreaminheart答案(练习3)：1)Withourlessonsover，wewenttoplayfootball.2)Thechildrencamerunningtowardsuswiththeflowersintheirhands.3)Withmymotherbeingwill，Iwontbeabletogoonholiday.4)Withtheexamtobeheldtomorrow，Icouldntgotothecinematonight. 一. with复合结构的构成 1. with+宾语+名词 He died with his daughter yet a school girl. 他死的时候，他的女儿还是个学生。 2. with+宾语+形容词 He used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。 She lay in bed with her face pale. 她躺在床上，脸色苍白 3. with+宾语+副词 The girl fell asleep with the light on. 那位女孩睡着了，灯还亮着。 Her mother sat in an armchair with her head down. 她母亲坐在椅子上，头低着。 4. with+宾语+不定式 Icant go out with these clothesto wash. 因为这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。 I had to go to bed with nothing to do. 我没有事可做，只好睡觉。 5. with+宾语+介词短语 He sat near the fire with his back to the door. 他坐在炉子旁，背朝着房门。 The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着本书。 6. with+宾语+现在分词 With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。 She lives in the room with the light burning. 她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。7. with+宾语+过去分词 With everything done, she went home. 做完一切事情以后，她回家了。 He lay on his back, with his teeth set and his eyes closed. 他仰卧着，咬着牙、闭着眼。 二. with复合结构作定语 She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. 她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。 The woman with a baby in her arms is Tom”s aunt. 抱着小孩的那位妇女是汤姆的姑姑。 The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it. 这位城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。 Any man with eyes in his head can see that he”s exactly like a rope. 任何头上长了眼睛的人都会看出他十足像一条绳子 三. with复合结构作状语 1.表示伴随状况 She left the office with tears in her eyes.她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。 He was covered with a national flag with his face exposed. 一面国旗盖在他身上，脸露在外面。 2. 表示原因 With his key lost, he couldn”t get into the office. 由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。 With the weather changed, we decided to put off the sports meet. 由于天气变化，我们决定推迟举行运动会 3. 表示时间 The children began to watch TV with the homework done. 孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。 The meeting was over with the problem settled. 问题解决以后，会议结束了。 4. 表示条件 Id like to see the new film with time permitting. 如果时间许可，我想看那