动词分类及情态动词学生.doc

7伯乐教育大学路校区 牵手伯乐马到成功 听课人： 上课时间： 年 月 日 第 课时动词分类动词是表示动作（study, find, swim 等）或状态（be, like, feel 等）的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。一 助动词助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall等。具体用法如下：【知识体系】1、助动词be的用法如下：1）构成各种进行时态。如：It was raining all day yesterday.昨天整天下雨。2）构成被动语态。如：The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.会议是昨天下午举行的。3）与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如：They are to see an English film this evening.他们今天晚上看英语电影。【题型体系】1. A model ship _his son by Mr More.A.was made for B.was made to C.made for D.makes for2.The new computers_to the village school as present last month.are given B. given C. were given D. gave3.Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep4. Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need5. His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published6 -_ your homework yet?-Not yet, I_it.A. Have you done; am doing B. Did you do; did C. Did you do; am doing D. Have you done; did7 Before we got to the railway station, the train_ already.A. went out B. had gone C. has gone D. has arrived8 _the Blacks _TV at seven yesterday?A. Did; watch B. Are, watchingC. Were; watching D. Do; watch9_ the children _ the radio?A. Is; listening B. Is; listening to C. Are; listening to D. Are; listening10 Dont talk with each other. The baby_.A. was sleeping B. is sleepping C. was sleepping D. is sleeping【知识体系】2、助动词do的用法如下：1）构成疑问式或否定式。如：Does he think so?I didnt say anything about the result.2) 在动词前加上do, does, did表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。如：They do study hard.She does love him.He did want to help the old man.【题型体系】1 -_ they often _ these old men?-Yes, they_.A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are2 -I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. What about you, Jim?-So do I, but my sister _.A. hasnt B. doesnt C. didnt D. wont3 -_ he _ to work on foot?-Yes, he_.A. Do; go; do B. Does; go; does C. Is; going; does D. Does; go; is4 _ you _ to school every day?A. When; go B. When do; go . C. When did; go D. Does; go【知识体系】3. have: 助动词have 的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如：He has lived here for three years.As soon as the sun had set they returned.4 shall, should: 助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态；助动词should 是shall的过去式，构成过去将来时。如：I shall send ten letters to my good friend.She wanted to know if I should go to the palace.【题型体系】1 -_ your homework yet?-Not yet, I_it.A. Have you done; am doing B. Did you do; did C. Did you do; am doing D. Have you done; did2 Before we got to the railway station, the train_ already.A. went out B. had gone C. has gone D. has arrived【知识体系】二 系动词连词动词的种类联系动词含有一定意义，它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）一起构成合成谓语。系动词按意义可分为三类，而且有自己的特定用法。1、按意义联系动词有：be, appear, seem, keep, remain, continue, stay, prove 等，如：Jim appears very old.、表示感觉的联系动词有：look, feel, smell, sound, taste等。如：It smells bad.3、表示转变的联系动词有：become, fall, get, go, grow, turn等。如：She becomes more beautiful than three years ago.三 行为动词 行为动词又称实义动词，它们都含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。、及物动词及物动词后一定要跟宾语，意思才能完整。如：My mother told me she wanted to buy some books for me.2、不及物动词 不及物动词意义完整，不需带宾语，但如果有些不及物动词非要带宾语时，必须先加介词后加宾语。如：He only worried about his daughter.四 情态动词情态动词本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。情态动词的类型：1.只做情态动词的有：can (could), may (might)2.可做情态动词也可做十一动词得有：need3.可做情态动词也可作助动词的有：will (would), shall (should)4.具有情态动词某些特征的有：have to, ought to【知识体系】一）can和could的用法1.表示能力，意为“能，会”，could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。Rose can speak now, but she couldnt a week ago.2.表否定推测。It cant be John. He has gone to UK.3.表示请求或允许，意为可以，常用句型有Could you?Could I borrow your dictionary?4.以can和could开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用can，否定回答用could。Could I call you by your first name? -Yes, you can.【题型体系】【浙江湖州】 1. Whos singing in the next room? It _ be her . She has gone to New York. A. cant B. must C. shouldnt D. can【江西省2011】2. The work is too hard for him. He_ finish it on time.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt【2011湖南怀化】3. This dictionary_ Toms. It has Anns name on itA. might be B. may he C. cant be【2011湖北黄冈】4. Whose T - shirt is this?It_ be John s. It s _ small for him.A. cant; much too B, cant; too much C. mustnt; much too D. mustnt; too much【2011福建莆田】( )5. Do you know the song Come on, Haixi!Yes, and I _sing it well.A. must B. can C. need【2011湖南湘西】6. Can I borrow your dictionary? Yes, you _. A. Can B. must C. should【2011山东济宁】7. -Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening? -Im afraid I _. I have to look after my sister. A. wouldnt B. cant C. wont D. mustnt【2011四川广元】8. Be quiet, Mr Smith is coming.Dont worry. It be him. Mr Smith is much taller.A. mustnt B. must C. cant【2011 山东烟台】9. .I think the man over there must be Bob. - It _ be him. He has _ to Australia. A. cant, gone B. cant, been C. may not, been D. mustnt, gone 【2011山东菏泽】10. Will you stay for some more days? Sorry, I_. My mother called to ask me to go back at once. A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. wouldnt 【2011湖北荆州】11. Whose T-shirt is this? It be Johns. Its much too small for him.A. may B. must C. cant D. shouldnt【2011四川绵阳】12. -Dad, the bread is not enough. I am still hungry. I have something more? -But theres nothing in the fridge now. A. Must B. Need C. Will D. Can 【2011湖北武汉】13. - Look, Sue is over there.- That _ be her. She is in Canada now.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. wont【2011大庆】14. Congratulations! Youve got the first prize in the English Contest._ it be true? Its unbelievable!A. May B. Should C. Must D. Can【2011宁夏】( )15. Could I use your eraser for a while? Yes, of course you _.A. could B. can C. will D. Should【2011重庆】16. Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow?Sorry, you_.A. cant B. dont C. neednt D. wont【2011北京】17. Can you ride a horse? No. I_ .A. neednt B. may not C. cant D. mustnt【知识体系】二）may和might的用法1.表推测，意为“可能；也许”用于肯定句。He may come tomorrow.2.表请求，许可，意为“可以”。May I come in?3.表祝愿May you succeed.【题型体系】【2011梧州】1. _ I use your eraser, Rose? Sure. Here you are.A. May B. Would C. Need D. Must【2011山东威海】2.Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?Not yet. We _go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.A. may B. should C. need D. must 【2011江苏淮安】3._ I borrow your history book? Sure. Here you are. A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will【2011盐城】4. Wheres David? He be in the playground because he is fond of playing basketball. A. will B. may C. cant D. mustnt【2011河源】5._ I watch TV now,Mom? No.Its too late ,and you _ go to bed. A.May; have to B.Will;should C.Can;will D.Must;need【2011浙江丽水】6一Bob，shall we go and meet our new classmate? 一SorryIm busy nowBut you_ ask David to go with youHe is freeAneed Bmay Cwould Dmust【2011上海】7. You _ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.A may B need C should D ought to【知识体系】三）must用法1.表示主观看法，意为“必须，应该”。(have to 也表必须但是客观看法)2.表示推测，意为“一定”，一般用于肯定句。（注意：否定推测要用cant，而不用mustnt， mustnt表示“禁止”）3.以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答常用needt或dont have to，而不用mustnt）【题型体系】【2011山东滨州】1. Must I get up early tomorrow morning? No, _.A. you mustntB. I dont think you have toC. you cantD. you need【2011安徽】2. - May I go out now, Dad? - No. You _ let your mother know first. A. can B. may C. need D. must【2011铜仁】3. _ we clean the classroom at once? No, you _. You _ clean it after school. A. Must; neednt; may B. Must; mustnt; can. C. Shall; cant; must D. Need; mustnt; may【2011四川南充】4. Another cup of tea?No, thanks. I_ be off. Gina is waiting for me.A. can b. must c. may（2011四川资阳）5.Hey, Ted! You _ never play in the street. Its not safe. Sorry, Mum. I wont again. A. need B. must C. can D. may【2011乌鲁木齐】6. Must I return the hook tomorrow morning? No, you _ .You can keep it longer.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. couldnt【2011广东深圳】7. Must I return the book this week? No, you _. You can _ it for 20 days.A. mustnt: keep B. neednt; borrow C. neednt; keep D. mustnt; borrow（2011广西南宁市）8.Look at the sign! Oh, I see.We _ waste water. A. can B. must C. mustnt D. neednt【2011四川乐山】9. It rained heavily, so we _ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day. A. couldB. had toC. must【2011浙江宁波】10. May I take the magazine out of the reading room? No, you cant. You _ read it here. Its the rule. A. must B. would C. mayD. might【2011湖南益阳】11. Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon? Id love to, but I study for a test.A. may B. have to C. can【2011南京】12. Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _ be joking!Im serious. Its made of silk.A. must B. need C. may D. can【2011四川内江】13. Must I be home before eight oclock, Mum? No, you _. But you have to come back before ten oclock.A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt【2011温州】14.Dad，can I go to the movies tonight?-Sure，but you_come back home before 9 oclock.A.can B.must C.may D.might【2011贵州安顺】15. I cant stop smoking, doctor. For your health, Im afraid you _. A. mayB. canC. have toD. need 【知识体系】四）need的用法 1.做实义动词用法need to be done=need doing 表被动。用助动词来提问和回答。2.need