十五类动词讲解及练习.docVIP

高考英语热点动词练习一、连系动词类连系动词按其所表示的意义可以分为以下四种：1. 变化类：表示事物发展的过程，如：become, go ,turn, grow, get, fall等。2. 感觉类：表示人体部位的感受.如：feel, smell, taste, look, sound 等。3. 状态类：表示事物所处的状态如：keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。4. 外表特征类：表示外表给人的印象如：appear, seem, look等连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。feel, get, become, grow等外，不用进行时和被动语态结构。例如：*The mixture is tasted terrible*The mixture tastes terrible*Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in*Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in *Im feeling much better than ever before *It was getting darker and darker , besides, a cold rain began to fall. 高考例题：1 Do you like the material? Yes. It _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt2. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed3. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating c. seated D. to be seating4. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may_ run over by a car. A. have B. get C. become D. turn5. Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _ twenty-one already. A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed6. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change7. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _ pale. A. got B. changed c. went D. appeared8. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt9. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. A. proves B. remain C. maintains D. continues10. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes二、感官动词类see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等，感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式做宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。1. 后接不带to的不定式，表示一个发生过的或者还没有发生的具体动作。I often heard the songs sung , but I have never heard you sing it. When you go to watch the football match, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.2. 后接v-ing形式表示正在进行的动作。Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast.3. 后接v-ed形式表示被动的含义。After his return twenty years later, he found his hometown greatly changed.Although I have learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken 高考例题:1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out2. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked3. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play d. to play4. The salesman scolded the girl who was caught _ and let her off. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing5. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting三、使役动词类表示“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，make, let, have, keep, leave, set, send等。使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式做宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种情况。1. make, let, have, 等后面接不带to的不定式，表“使某人/某物做某事”。Dont make him do it if he doesnt want to.If you have any problem, just let me know.在被动的结构中，不定式需带to ,但have 不用被动结构中。He was made to apologize to the guest. 2. have/keep/leave/send/ set/ get等后接v-ing 形式，表示持续性动作。I am sorry to keep you waiting for me so long.Why do you have him worrying about his lessons.3. have/ keep/ leave等后接v-ed形式，表示被动的含义。He didnt keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired.I will keep you informed as soon as I have the news. 高考例题；1. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run2. Laws that punish parents for their childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry3. - Why did you go back to the shop? -I left my friend _ there. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits4. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned5. - Good morning, can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. weighing C. weighed D. to weigh6. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard7. As you have never been there before, Ill have someone _ you the way. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed8. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning9. A computer can do only what thinking people _. A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it d. having it done10. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired四含有感情色彩的动词这类动词有excite/ inspire /encourage/ interest / satisfy/ delight /please/ move/ frighten /surprise/ amaze/ astonish/ shock/ worry / disappoint/ discourage/ exhaust/ puzzle/ tire/ bore/ terrify等。情感动词后接名词或代词做宾语，有v-ing形式和v-ed两种形式，在句子中作宾语和表语。与人相关的用v-ed形式，与物相关的用v-ing形式。The story was so moving that everyone present was moved to tears.What disappointing result! We were all disappointed with it.Climbing a hill was tiring and we were tired when we reached the summit.高考例题：1. Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _his boss.A. servesB. satisfiesC. promisesD. supports2. I am very _with my own cooking, it looks nice and smells delicious.A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleasedC. pleasant; pleasantD. pleased; pleasant3. Mr. Smith, _ of the _speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring4. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest5. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home _. A. being exhausted B. exhausted C. exhausting D. having exhausted五、接不定式动词类。afford to do learn to do promise to do agree to do offer to dorefuse to do choose to domanage to do fail to do determine to do hope to do pretend to do expect to dowant to do happen to dodecide to do wish to do 等后接不定式作宾语。Thank you for offering to help, but I can manage myself.He learned to ride a bicycle when he was a small boy. 高考例题：1. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met2. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking3. I dont know whether you happen _, but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard4. She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen5. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told六后接v-ing形式动词类。appreciate doing avoid doing bear doing consider doing dislike doing hate doing delay doingpostpone/doing enjoy doing escape doing finish doingimagine doingkeep doing mind doing miss doingpractice doingresist doing stand doing suggest doing 等这些动词须接v-ing形式作宾语。I dont mind waiting, but Ive got to stand in the cold wind.Have you considered making some necessary changes to your plan?Only by practicing speaking English every day can you expect to improve your spoken English.高考例题：1. I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling.2 While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded3. He has always insisted on his _ Dr. turner instead of Mr. Turner. A. been called B. called C. being called D. having called4. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island. A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time5. Do you mind _ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Janes being left D. Jane to be left6. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed七、接不定式与v-ing形式意义不同的动词类。 Remember, try, regret, mean, forget, stop, go on, cant help 等， 后接不定式与v-ing形式作宾语，表达的含义不同。见下表。动词接v-ing形式接动词不定式remember 过去发生的动作将来的动作try尝试做某事努力做某事regret对做过的事表示后悔对要做的事表示遗憾mean意味着做某事企图/打算做某事cant help禁不住做某事不能帮助做某事go on继续做未完成的事情做完一件事后接着做另外一件事forget忘记曾经做过某事忘记做某事stop中断正在做的事中断正在做的事情去做别的事情例如；I remember being paid, but I forgotten the exact amount.Please remember to send me photo of your son the next time you write to me. I dont really mean to work here, which means leaving the job soon afterwards.高考例题：1. - The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn if off D. having turned it off2. - You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done3. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned4. - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going5. - Let me tell you something about the journalists. - Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday? A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told6. The library needs _, but Ill have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. to cleaned C. being cleaned D. clean7. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting8. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path. A. resting B. to have rested C. rested D. to rest 9. Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A. to doB. doingC. withD. to be doing八进行时表示将来意义的动词。这类动词一般为表示位置转移或方向性的动词，如：go， come，start, arrive, take, leave, move 等，when we are going off to /for shanghai?Mary as well as her parents is leaving for California?高考例题：1 Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am takingB. have takenC. takeD. will have taken2 What were you doing when he came to see you? -I have just put on my overcoat and _to visit a friend.A. leavingB. was leftC. leftD. was leaving3 What were you doing when Tony phoned you? -I had just finished my work and _ to take a showerA. had startedB. startedC. have startedD. was starting九主动表示被动动词类：英语中有些动词可用其主动形式表达被动含义。可以分为以下三种情况；1. 某些实意动词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动的含义。这类动词有：Sell, wash, write, last, read, wear.等。这种动词+副词的结构，常表示事物内部特有的属性。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothlyWritten in simple English, this article reads easily.2. 某些及物动词转为不及物动词后，其主要形式表示被动意义。如：open, (打开，营业) close(关门)shut（关闭）cut， weigh(重) act( 上演)等。The door wont shut. This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3.某些不及物动词，如；happen, occur, cost, 以及短语，如; come out(出版) come up( 出现) come into being (产生) come to ones mind (想起) turn out (证明是) come about(发生)break out(爆发)，belong to (属于)等。本身表示被动的含义，所以它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind.It never occurred to me to phone you. 高考例题：The evening news comes out at seven oclock and _ only thirty minutes.A. keepsB. continuesC. finishesD. lasts2. Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard? -No, dear. They dont _ well. Put them in the fridge instead.A. keepB. fitC. getD. last3. Books of this kind _ well.A. sellB. sellsC. are soldD. is sold十虚拟语气动词类：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order command三个建议; suggest advise propose四个要求：ask, require requestdemand（desire）这些词后接引导的宾语从句时， 谓语动词需用（should）+动词原形insist that sb should do sthinsist that sth should be done The guard at the gate insist that everyone should obey the rules.The rule requires that everyone ,young or old, man, or woman, have his car checked once a year.高考例题：1.How do you _ we go to Beijing for our holidays. I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable.A. insistB. wantC. supposeD. suggest2. Janes pale face suggested that she _ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; hadD. was; has3._ be sent to work here?A. who do you suggestB. who do you suggest that shouldC. do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should十一,省略替代类:believe, think, suppose, guess, hope, expect, imagine, would like to, love, be afraid等动词用于简略回答中, 后接so来替代肯定分句.用not 来替代否定分句.或接to来替代前面内容相同的不定式,表示看法,意见,设想,打算等.例如:-Do you think Norman would have lent me his car I had asked him to?-yes, I think so. -will you be able to come to my birthday party?-Id love to, but I am too busy. 注意;believe, think, suppose, guess 等用于否定回答时候,即可以说:I believe (think, suppose, guess) not. 也可以说:I dont believe (think, guess, suppose ) so. 但是用hope，except , be afraid 作否定回答时只能说：I hope /expect/ not. Im afraid not.高考例题：1.I believe weve met somewhere before. -No, _.A. it isnt the same B. it cant be true C. I dont think so D. Id rather not2. -The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? - _.A. I guess not soB. I dont guessC. I dont guess itD.I guess not3. -Do you think its going to rain over the weekend?- _.A. I dont believe B. I dont believe itC. I believe not so D. I believe not十二. 否定转移类believe, think, guess, suppose, expect, imagine 等动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句若为否定结构，常将否定词not 前移到主句中例：I dont think it is possible to learn a foreign language well without much memory work.He doesnt think Tom will make an excellent player.当该结构的主句主语为第一人称时， 变为反意疑问句，后半句的主语和谓语简略形式应与从句保持一致，否则与主句保持一致。例如：I dont think there is anything else I need, is there?He doesnt believe he will be able to solve the problems by herself, does he?高考例题：1.I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, _?A. do IB. dont IC. will theyD. wont they2.Mrs Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital camera, _?A. is heB. isnt heC. doesnt sheD. does she十三、 带介词to 的动词短语类;这类短语有be (get) used to doingdevote tostick to lead to look forward to object to get down to pay attention to contribute to there is no end to 等。当它们后面出现动词时，用v+ing形式，例如；Ive got used to driving in all kinds of weather. As soon as she returned home from abroad, she got down to preparing supper for children. 注意区分介词to 与不定式to 符号He used to drive on the right and now he is used to driving on the left. I am looking forward to seeing you soon.He looked forward to see what was happening 高考例题：1Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up2。he discovery of new evidence led to _.A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught3。he looks forwards every spring to _ the flower-lined garden.A. visitB. paying a visitC. walkingD. walking in十四、瞬间（非延续性动词）类这类动词常考go, come, leave, start, return, begin, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, buy, close, die, become, break, join, marry, employ, graduate等。瞬间动词表示短暂性的动做，因此不可以和表示段时间的词for/since 短语或s